Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenols from Pinus koraiensis Seed Scale on the Proliferation of Human Cancer Cells in Vitro

[Objective] To research on the inhibitory effects of polyphenols from Pinus koraiensis seed scale on the proliferation of human cancer cells in vitro. [Methods] Polyphenols from Pinus koraiensis seed scale were prepared into extracting solutions at different concentrations. Suspension cultures of five tumor cells were processed,which were lung carcinoma cell A549,human bone marrow neuroblastoma cell SH-SY5 Y,human skin cancer cell A375,human hepatocarcinoma cell HepG-2 and human ovarian cancer cell SKOV3. Inhibitory rate of cell proliferation in vitro was detected by MTT method. [Results] P. koraiensis polyphenols had relatively good inhibitory effects on A549,showing certain correlation with time or concentration. The inhibitory rare was the optimal when the concentration of P. koraiensis polyphenols was0. 4 mg / mL. Under this concentration,the inhibitory rate of extracting solution of P. koraiensis polyphenols reached 55% on lung carcinoma cell A549. P. koraiensis polyphenols showed no significant inhibitory effects on SH-SY5 Y,A375,HepG 2 or SKOV3. [Conclusions] P. koraiensis polyphenols had inhibitory effects on lung carcinoma cells.     

黑蒜的加工、组分及生理功能研究进展

黑蒜是一种新型大蒜制品,是以带皮蒜头为原料,在高温高湿环境下经酶解和美拉德反应加工而成的保健食品。文章归纳了黑蒜的恒温保湿和变温保湿加工特点,分析了黑蒜与普通大蒜相比发生的组分变化,综述了黑蒜具有抗氧化、抗癌、调节免疫、调节血脂、减缓宿醉症状等多种生物活性,指出黑蒜具有较强的生物活性是其在加工过程中多种活性成分增加和生成的结果,并对黑蒜的研究方向进行了展望。     

In Vitro Bacteriostasis of Extracts from Gingko biloba L.

[Objective]To discuss the in vitro bacteriostasis of the extracts from the seeds and leaves of Gingko biloba L. [Methods]Crude extracting solutions were extracted from the G. biloba leaves and seeds by ethanol extracting method. Inhibitory effects of the extracting solutions of G. biloba leaves and seeds on Escherichia coli,Proteus vulgaris,Bacillus subtilus and Staphylococcus aireus were researched. [Results]Extracts from G. biloba leaves had relatively strong effects on S. aireus with the minimal inhibitory concentration being 125. 00 mg/mL,and had certain inhibitory effects on E. coli with the minimal inhibitory concentration being 250. 00 mg /mL. However,it had no inhibitory effects on B. subtilus or P. vulgaris. Extracts from G. biloba seeds had no inhibitory effects on four bacteria. [Conclusions] Extracts from G. biloba leaves had relatively good inhibitory effects on E. coli and S. aireus,but had no effects on B. subtilus or P. vulgaris. Extracts from G. biloba seeds had no inhibitory effects on all the four bacteria.     

Inhibitory Effects of AURKB Gene on Apoptosis and Cancer Cell Growth in HCT 116 Cells

[Objectives]To explore the inhibitory effect of AURKB gene in apoptosis and cancer cell growth in HCT 116 cells.[Methods]The in vitro cytology studies were carr...     

黑稻资源遗传多样性的SSR分析

利用24对SSR引物比较了来自中国6个省市的29个黑稻品种的遗传多样性。结果表明,24对引物在上述品种中共检测到76个多态位点;多态位点的等位基因丰度、遗传多样性指数和平均香农指数分别为3.17、0.5287和0.9058,品种间遗传相似系数变异在0.0833-0.9583之间,说明黑稻中存在丰富的遗传多样性。利用品种间的遗传相似系数进行聚类分析,可将29份材料分为3个类群,其SSR分子标记分析表现出一定的地域相关性。     

黑豆酒生产工艺的研究

以发酵酒和黑豆为原料,研究温州特色黑豆酒的加工技术。试验表明,黑豆经体积分数52%的白酒1∶5提取可获得最佳的浸取效果,以体积分数16%的黄酒作为酒基,添加12%的黑豆白酒浸取液、质量分数2%的黑枣、0.8%的枸杞和0.6%的蜂蜜,可获得最佳的色泽、香味和口感。     

探究姜和大蒜粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌的抑制作用

研究旨在了解不同浓度姜和大蒜粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌的抑制效果及对菌丝形态结构的影响,以此初步获得最适合的抑制病原菌的植物粗提取液浓度。以姜和大蒜粗提取液为供试材料,测定不同浓度2种粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌尖孢镰刀菌的生长情况、孢子浓度、孢子萌发率及菌丝结构的影响。结果表明,2种粗提取液均能抑制并降低尖孢镰刀菌的生长速率、孢子浓度和孢子萌发率,且大蒜粗提取液比姜粗提取液抑制效果更显著,在低浓度下对菌丝形态结构的影响也比姜粗提取液明显,大蒜粗提取液在各浓度下与对照相比均达极显著差异,且大蒜浓度为0.4 g/mL时对尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发率抑制达100%。该试验证实大蒜对甘蓝枯萎病菌有极显著抑制作用,为使用间种或轮作大蒜进行田间防治甘蓝枯萎病菌提供了参考。     

牛心朴子总生物碱对稻瘟病和灰霉病菌的抑制作用

采用PDA平板生长速率法,测定了牛心朴子提取液对稻瘟病、灰霉病的抑制作用和毒力。结果表明：提取液对两种病菌均有抑制作用,并随着提取液浓度的升高,对病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用也随之增强;添加附着剂的牛心朴子提取液无明显增强其抑制稻瘟病菌生长的作用;附着剂对低浓度牛心朴子提取液有增强其抑制灰霉菌生长的作用,对高浓度牛心朴子提取液则无明显增强其抑制灰霉菌生长的作用。     

木薯钾离子通道蛋白MeAKT1的基因克隆及转基因拟南芥构建

钾元素参与植物体多种重要的生理功能。AKT1作为钾离子(K+)通道中的重要组分,介导拟南芥根对钾离子的吸收,然而木薯中的AKT1基因尚未被克隆。为探究木薯AKT1基因的功能,本研究通过qRT-PCR检测低钾处理后木薯中AKT1基因的表达量,发现木薯中AKT1基因的表达量在低钾处理后升高,可知木薯AKT1基因在木薯响应低钾胁迫中发挥作用。通过PCR扩增获得木薯AKT1基因的目的片段,将该片段连接到过表达载体pEGAD中,转化到拟南芥,获得转基因植株,并对木薯AKT1基因的启动子区域进行分析。这将为进一步研究木薯中AKT1基因的生理功能及其在木薯抗低钾胁迫中的作用机制提供帮助。     

乐都紫皮大蒜叶片生长发育与果聚糖代谢的关系

为了探讨高原大蒜生长特性及其果聚糖代谢规律,分析叶片生长发育与果聚糖代谢的关系,本研究以"乐都紫皮大蒜"为材料,对不同发育期的大蒜叶片生长情况、生理指标及其果聚糖代谢关键基因的表达特征进行了解析。结果表明:随着生育期的延续,大蒜植株的最大叶长、最大叶宽和单株叶片数均稳步增加。叶片生理指标呈现先升高后降低的趋势,总叶绿素含量在花芽分化之前快速上升,在抽薹期达到最大值2.32 mg/g FW;组织含水量在鳞茎膨大初期达到最大值89.06%,随后急剧降低。在整个发育过程中,大蒜叶片蔗糖:蔗糖1-果糖基转移酶基因(1-SST)和果聚糖外切水解酶基因(1-FEH)表达量存在显著差异,从幼苗期至鳞茎膨大初期,1-SST基因表达量显著高于1-FEH。1-SST的表达在全生育期表现为"升高-降低"的趋势,在抽薹期,1-SST的表达量达到峰值,比幼苗期提高了17.51倍;1-FEH在全生育期的表达量均较低,呈现起伏波动的趋势,在收获期表达量最高,是苗期的2.41倍。综合分析说明,大蒜叶片叶绿素和果聚糖的合成高峰主要在抽薹期,抽薹期是大蒜叶片生长发育和果聚糖代谢的关键时期,大蒜可通过叶绿素的合成以及1-SST和1-FEH的差异表达进一步影响鳞茎果聚糖的累积。     

Apoptosis of Hepatoma Cells HepG-2 Induced by Shikimic Acid from FRUCTUS ANISI STELLATI and Its Mechanism

[Objective]To research the apoptosis of hepatoma cells HepG-2 induced by shikimic acid from FRUCTUS ANISI STELLATI and its mechanism. [Methods]Hepatoma cells HepG-2 at logarithmic phase were randomly divided into drug group and control group. Shikimic acids from FRUCTUS ANISI STELLATI at the concentrations of 0. 125,0. 5 and 1 g /L were used. Inhibitory effects of shikimic acids on HepG-2 cell proliferation were detected by MTT method. Effects of shikimic acids at the concentrations of 0. 125,0. 5 and 1 g /L on the cell cycle of hepatoma cells HepG were researched by Flow Cytometer. Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by immunocytochemistry detection. [Results]Results of MTT test showed that shikimic acid(0. 125,0. 5 and 1 g /L) had significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of in vitro human liver cancer HepG-2 in a time-and dose-dependent relationship(P 0. 05). Shikimic acid blocked the hepatoma cells HepG-2 at G1 phase,so that the cells could not enter into S phase for DNA synthesis,which restricted the cell proliferation. Results of immunocytochemistry detection showed that protein expression of Bcl-2 decreased significantly,while Bax expression enhanced significantly,so that the proportion of Bcl-2 to Bax reduced. [Conclusions]shikimic acid blocked the hepatoma cells HepG-2 at G1 phase,and had significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of human hepatoma cell through reducing the proportion of Bcl-2 to Bax.     

不同栽培基质对彩色马蹄莲‘黑魔术’生长的影响

为筛选出最适合彩色马蹄莲‘黑魔术’的栽培基质,以园土为对照,将泥炭土、珍珠岩、蛭石和河沙4种原料按不同比例混合组成新的基质进行栽培试验,同时测定不同基质的理化性质和黑魔术的生长特性数据。结果表明,孔隙度65%~80%,pH 5.0~6.7,营养均衡的基质最适合‘黑魔术’的生长。其中栽培在泥炭土︰珍珠岩︰蛭石︰河沙=3︰1︰1︰1的处理D中的‘黑魔术’苗期最短,均值52.7天;蕾期最短,均值10.3天;单球开花数最大,达到2朵;是5个处理中开花率唯一超过50%的处理;花期最长,达到了均值31天;只是在花梗长度上略低于处理C,但也达到了60 cm以上。所采用的4个处理因其理化性质差异较大,除了处理D表现突出外,其他处理则表现较差,有待进一步改进。     

薇甘菊化感自毒作用及其生态学意义

化感自毒作用是同种植物个体之间的一种化学作用,是植物经过长期适应环境和进化选择而获得的一种种内有序竞争机制.依次用正己烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇三种有机溶剂和水分别对薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha H.B.K)地表茎叶和地下根系进行梯度提取并配制成一定质量浓度的营养液,后采用营养液扦插法培养薇甘菊幼苗,12 d后测其生长情况.结果表明:薇甘菊不同部位的不同溶剂提取物对其幼苗生长的抑制作用存在差异,但茎叶和根系的不同溶剂提取物对其幼苗生长的综合抑制效应对应一致,幼苗受抑制程度均为:乙酸乙酯>乙醇>水>正己烷.薇甘菊不同部位的不同溶剂提取物对其幼苗新生根长、新生株高和新增鲜质量之间的抑制率存在差异,三者受抑制程度总体表现为:新生株高>新生根长>新增鲜质量;且地表茎叶不同溶剂提取物对其幼苗生长的抑制作用强于其对应的根系提取物.     

Systematic Preliminary Test on the Chemical Components of Tibetan Herb of Leontopodium franchetii Beauv.

[Objective]To carry out systematic preliminary test on the chemical components of Tibetan herb of Leontopodium franchetii Beauv.[Methods]Systematic preliminary test was adopted; physical and chemical identification of the water extracting solutions,ethanol extracting solutions and petroleum ether extracting solutions were carried out for L. franchetii. The chemical components were preliminarily identified and analyzed. [Results] There might have flavonoids,organic acids,alkaloids,cardiac glycosides,saponins,anthraquinones,phenols,tannins,coumarins,lactones and other components in L. franchetii. [Conclusions] It was preliminarily identified that there were various chemical components in L. franchetii,which provided experimental foundation for the bioactive components and drug efficacy research of L. franchetii.     

Ionic Homeostasis and Expression of Na+ Related Genes of Cotton under Different Salt and Alkali Stresses

[Objective] Maintaining intracellular ion homeostasis is one of the important salt-tolerant mechanisms of crops. This study aims to analyze differences in response characteristics of cotton ionome and salt-tolerant gene expression under different saline-alkali stresses, which provides a basis for understanding the mechanism of salt tolerance and improving salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] Using Lumianyan 24 as the experimental material, three kinds of salt and alkali stress types (salt stress, alkali stress, and mixed salt-alkali stress) and two concentration gradients (low and high concentrations) were set under pot cultivation conditions. Meanwhile, non-saline-alkali stress treatment was set as control. The dry matter weight of cotton plants and root morphological parameters including root length, root surface area, and root volume were measured in this study. The concentrations of 13 elements such as P, Na, K, Ca and Mg in different organs of cotton plants were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The relative expressions of salt tolerance related genes GhDFR1, GhSOS1, GhNHX1 and GhAKT1 were determined by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method. [Result] 1) Salt and alkali stresses significantly inhibited cotton growth. The growth inhibition rate of cotton under mixed salt-alkali stress treatments (48.7%–57.9%) was significantly higher than that under salt stress (27.6%–49.9%) and alkali stress (21.2%–35.5%) treatments. Under salt stress and mixed salt-alkali stress treatments, both shoot and root growth of cotton were significantly inhibited, dry matter weight, root length, root surface area and root volume were significantly reduced, while root growth was less inhibited under alkali stress treatments. 2) Under three types of saline-alkali stresses, Na content and Mo content in different organs of cotton plant increased significantly, but N content in leaves and roots decreased. 3) Under salt stress treatments, the uptake of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn in cotton was inhibited, and the ion balance was maintained by promoting the transport of these ions and P, K. 4) In addition to Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn, P uptake was also inhibited under alkali stress treatments, but K uptake and P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn transport were promoted. 5) Under mixed salt-alkali stress treatments, especially under high salinity and pH conditions, most of nutrients uptake was inhibited, and the transport capacity of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and Fe was reduced. 6) The relative expression of GhSOS1 and GhAKT1 genes increased significantly under salt stress treatments, but increased first and then decreased under alkali stress and mixed salt-alkali stress treatments. The relative expression levels of GhSOS1 and GhAKT1 genes under three types of saline-alkali stresses were alkali＞salt＞mixed saline-alkali stress. With the increase of soil salinity and pH value, the relative expression of GhNHX1 gene increased first and then decreased. The expression levels of GhNHX1 gene were salt＞alkali＞mixed salt-alkali stress. [Conclusion] Due to high salinity and pH value, mixed salt-alkali stress significantly inhibits cotton growth and ions uptake, which restricts the transport of P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and Fe. The decrease of K and Na regulation ability leads to ions imbalance.     

Allelopathic Effects of Black Mustard (Brassica nigra) on Germination and Growth of Wild Barley (Hordeum spontaneum)

Black mustard [Brassica nigra (L.) Koch.] contains water‐soluble allelochemicals that inhibit the germination and growth of other species. This characteristic could be used in weed management programmes. Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects on wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum Koch.) germination and seedling growth of (i) preceding crops, (ii) fresh black mustard residue incorporation, and (iii) black mustard leaf, stem, flower and root water extract concentrations. Growth of wild barley, as indicated by plant height and weight, was significantly reduced when grown in soil previously cropped to black mustard compared with that cropped to wild barley. Soil incorporation of fresh black mustard roots and both roots and shoots reduced wild barley germination, plant height and weight when compared with a no‐residue control. In bioassays, black mustard extracts reduced wild barley hypocotyl length, hypocotyl weight, radicle weight, seed germination, and radicle length by as much as 44, 55, 57, 63 and 75 %, respectively, when compared with a water control. Increasing the water extract concentrations from 4 to 20 g per 100 ml of water of all black mustard parts significantly increased the inhibition of wild barley germination, seedling length and weight. Based on 8‐day‐old wild barley radicle length, averaged across all extract concentrations, the degree of toxicity of different black mustard plant parts can be ranked in the following order of inhibition: leaves > flowers > mixture of all plant parts > stems > roots.     

陆地棉REM基因家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析

【目的】REM(Reproductive meristem)基因家族编码一类转录因子在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要作用,但在棉花中未见报道。【方法】基于陆地棉基因组数据和公共数据库中的转录组数据,运用生物信息学方法对陆地棉REM基因家族成员进行系统鉴定,并对该基因家族的理化性质、基因结构、组织表达特异性以及胁迫条件下的表达规律等进行分析。【结果】陆地棉REM基因家族包含79个成员,分布在25条染色体上,可分为5个亚组。每个成员编码的蛋白质至少含有1个B3结构域,大部分定位在细胞核。基因上游2 kb序列中存在激素及胁迫响应等顺式作用元件。组织表达特性分析结果显示,大部分REM基因在胚珠或纤维中的表达量较其他组织更高。逆境胁迫下的表达分析显示,29个基因响应棉花冷、热、盐或干旱胁迫。对6个基因在纤维不同发育时期表达量进行分析,发现这些基因的表达与已发表的转录组数据基本一致。【结论】明确了REM基因家族在基因组中的分布特征、结构特征以及系统进化特征,根据转录组数据初步揭示了该家族基因在生长发育和抗逆中的功能。     

The Neuroprotective Effects of Paeoniflorin on Multi-infarct Dementia( MID) Model

[Objective]To observe the protective effects and pathway of paeoniflorin on rat MID(multi-infarct dementia) model by establishing the improved MID model,and to lay the pharmacological basis for the development of protective neurons candidate compounds. [Methods]The classic rats' MID model was used to observe the protective effects and pathway of different dosages of paeoniflorin. The learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by Morris water maze. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by immunohistochemistry.The changes of cerebral cortex and the neuron structure were detected by HE staining and electron microscopy. [Results]Paeoniflorin had significant improvement effects on the time of anesthetic awareness,detention time of inclined plate test,behavioral evaluation,cognitive impairment and brain neuron injury of rat MID model. The protective mechanism of paeoniflorin was related to the Bcl-2 and Bax expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus brain tissue. [Conclusions]The paeoniflorin had significant improvement effects on the rat MID model. It restricted the EAA damage,intracellular calcium overload,and Bax expression,so as to promote the Bcl-2 expression and to restrict the cell apoptosis.     

根系分区施肥对黄瓜植株生长与果实产量的影响

【目的】优化植株根系供肥方式，是黄瓜高效栽培的关键。【方法】分别以“津绿露优”与“中农203”黄瓜品种为试材，研究了根系分区施肥对黄瓜植株生长与果实产量的影响。【结果】在黄瓜植株各1/2根区分别采用标准溶液与半倍标准溶液施肥时，施肥总量减少了25%，植株总鲜重与果实产量并没有显著降低；在采用两倍标准溶液与清水以及倍半标准溶液与半倍标准溶液时，施肥总量不变，但植株总鲜重分别显著增加了23.2%和16.6%，果实鲜重显著增加了34.2%与27.1%。【结论】黄瓜根系分区施肥可以达到节约施肥或者增加植株生长量与果实产量的目的     

Detection of SO_2 Residual in FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI by Accelerated Solvent Extraction/Ion Chromatography

[Objective] To discuss the detection method for SO2 residual in FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI. [Methods] Accelerated Solvent Extraction / Ion Chromatography was used to detect the SO2 residual in FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI. Alkaline solution was used as the extracting solution of grinded sample. After extraction by accelerated solvent extraction apparatus and purification by C18 solid phase extraction,the sample was isolated by IonP ac AS9- HC ion chromatographic column with carbonate as the leacheate. Detection was carried out by electrical conductivity detector. [Results] SO2 had good linear relationship within the range of 0. 5- 50 mg / L( r2= 0. 999 7). The quantitative lower limit( LOQ) and and detection limit( LOD) were 0. 17 and 0. 05 mg/L,respectively. With blank sample as the matrix,the average recovery rates at high,middle and low dosages were 82. 9%- 92. 6% with RSD( n = 6) less than 5. 0%. [Conclusions]Compared with the traditional method,this method had the advantages of high extraction rate and automation degree,and was suitable for the large-scale detection of SO2 residual in FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI.