姬松茸多糖对镉中毒小鼠血液系统损伤的治疗作用

为观察姬松茸水溶性多糖对镉中毒小白鼠血液系统的治疗作用,将30只SPF级雄性健康小白鼠随机分为对照组、试验1组、试验2组共三组,两个试验组腹腔注射2.5 mg/（kg·d）氯化镉溶液染毒,对照组腹腔注射与其等容量的生理盐水,每周连续4 d,造模5周,之后对试验2组用300 mg/（kg·d）姬松茸多糖连续治疗15 d。结果表明,与试验1组相比,试验2组的血液指标RBC、HGB、MCV、MCH、MCHC均显著提高,而WBC、Mid、Grn则显著下降;与对照组相比,试验2组的血液指标HGB、MCV均显著降低,而Lym则显著升高。证实,姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉造成的血液系统的损伤具有一定程度的治疗作用。     

姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉中毒小鼠肝脏保护作用及其机理的研究

探讨姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉中毒小鼠肝脏的保护作用。150只SPF级雄性健康小白鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、试验组1、试验组2、试验组3共5组,模型组与3个试验组采用同一水平镉染毒,但同时对3个试验组给予不同剂量的姬松茸水溶性粗多糖溶液进行保护,试验日程为5周。从第2周开始每周每组取7只小鼠采血,分离血浆,测定并统计ALT、AST、TP生化指标的动态变化。结果表明,与对照组比较,模型组小鼠ALT、AST显著升高(P0.05),TP含量显著降低(P0.05);与模型组比较,试验组2、试验组3小鼠的ALT、AST显著降低(P0.05),TP含量显著升高(P0.05)。这表明镉染毒同时灌胃姬松茸水溶性粗多糖溶液对镉中毒小鼠肝损伤具有保护作用。     

姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉中毒小鼠脂质过氧化损伤的影响

为了探讨姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉中毒小鼠脂质过氧化损伤的影响,将150只SPF级雄性健康小白鼠被随机分为对照组、模型组、试验组1、试验组2、试验组3五组。模型组与3个试验组采用2.5 mg/kg镉染毒,同时对3个试验组给予100 mg/kg、300 mg/kg、500 mg/kg姬松茸水溶性粗多糖溶液进行保护,试验日程为5周。结果,与模型组比较,高剂量多糖保护组试验组2、试验组3小鼠脂质过氧化指标MDA、GSH、GSH-PX明显改善。     

黄芩素对镉中毒大鼠体质量、器官系数和血液生理指标的影响

将24只SD大鼠随机均分为4组,分别为对照组、镉组、黄芩素组和黄芩素+镉组,每组6只。对照组每天用生理盐水灌喂;镉处理组按2mg/kg的Cd2+每天腹腔注射氯化镉溶液;黄芩素组每天灌服黄芩素溶液(100mg/kg);黄芩素+镉组大鼠每天腹腔注射含2 mg/kg Cd2+的氯化镉溶液,再灌服黄芩素(100 mg/kg)溶液。每周测大鼠体质量,4周后,采集大鼠血液,用血细胞分析仪测定大鼠血液生理指标,并处死大鼠,收集肝脏、肾脏、睾丸和心脏,计算器官系数。结果显示,与对照组相比,镉处理组大鼠体质量极显著下降(P0.01),肝脏器官系数显著升高(P0.05),睾丸器官系数极显著降低(P0.01);白细胞(WBC)数目极显著升高(P0.01),红细胞数目(RBC)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)显著降低(P0.05),血红蛋白(HGB)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和红细胞压积(HCT)极显著降低(P0.01),其他指标差异不显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,黄芩素组大鼠体质量、器官系数及血液生理指标无显著性差异。与镉组相比,黄芩素+镉组大鼠第3周和第4周体质量显著增加(P0.05),WBC数目显著降低(P0.05),HGB、RBC、MCHC、MCH和HCT显著升高(P0.05),而MCV、PLT、MPV、PDW差异不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,镉对大鼠的体质量、肝脏和睾丸器官系数、血液指标有影响,黄芩素对镉致大鼠损伤有一定的保护作用。     

蒙古马与英纯血马部分血液生理指标的初步比较

为弄清蒙古马（Mogolian Horse)和英纯血马（Thoroughbred)的血液生理指标的差异，本测定了红细胞（RBC）、白细胞（WBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞压积容量（PCR）、平均红细胞浓度（MCH）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCHC）、白细胞分类（WBC-DC）等8项血液生理指标。结果表明，蒙古马的上述各项血液生理指标均高于英纯血马，但差异不显。说明在我区的地理位置、气候环境及饲喂条件下，对英纯血马进行疾病诊断治疗的时候，可以参考蒙古马的各项血液指标。     

纤维素复合酶对肉鸡血液生理指标的影响

试验选用128羽1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.05%、0.1%和0.15%的纤维素复合酶。研究添加不同剂量纤维素复合酶对肉鸡血液生理指标的影响。结果表明:日粮添加纤维素复合酶可提高肉鸡血液红细胞(RBC)数、白细胞(WBC)数、红细胞压积(PCV)、血红蛋白(Hb)含量和平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)含量,尤其以0.15%酶添加水平效果最好;对平均红细胞体积(MCV)和平均红细胞血红蛋白质量浓度(MCHC)无显著影响。     

断奶日龄对仔猪血液生理指标的影响

选取15窝日龄相近的三元杂交仔猪 ,按14、21、28、35日龄断奶和不断奶随机分为5组 (14E、21E、28E、35E和C) ,每组3窝。主要研究断奶与不同断奶日龄对仔猪血液生理指标的影响。主要结果为 :①哺乳仔猪从21日龄后血液中白细胞水平基本稳定 ,但14日龄时血液中白细胞水平显著低于正常水平 ;21日龄前断奶可显著降低血液中白细胞数量 ,1周后迅速提高 ,但14日龄断奶仔猪直至42日龄血液中白细胞计数(WBC)仍低于正常水平。②仔猪28日龄血液红细胞计数 (RBC)、红细胞中血红蛋白浓度 (HGB)、血液血球比容 (HCT)均达到高峰值 ,RBC、HGB、HCT均不受断奶及断奶日龄影响。③哺乳仔猪14～42日龄间血液平均红血球容积 (MCV)、红血球血红蛋白量 (MCH)呈线性下降的趋势 ,断奶对MCV、MCH测值无明显影响。     

姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对小鼠镉中毒治疗作用研究

目的:探讨姬松茸水溶性粗多糖对镉中毒小鼠治疗作用。方法:将40只SPF级雄性健康小白鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、多糖治疗组。造模5周后,多糖治疗组用300 mg/kg.d多糖治疗20d。结果:与对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝脏指数、肾脏指数、ALT、AST、MDA含量显著升高(P0.05),TP、GSH、GSH-Px含量显著降低(P0.05)。与模型组比较,多糖治疗组小鼠的肝脏指数、肾脏指数、ALT、AST和MDA含量显著降低(P0.05),TP、GSH、GSH-Px含量显著升高(P0.05)。表明灌胃姬松茸水溶性粗多糖溶液对小鼠镉中毒有一定的治疗作用。     

花鼠冬眠前后血液生理指标变化研究

为了掌握花鼠血液生理指标的基本数据以及花鼠冬眠前后各项指标的变化情况,试验采用BC-3000全自动血液细胞分析仪对冬眠前后花鼠的生理指标进行了测定。结果表明:花鼠冬眠后,白细胞数目(WBC)、淋巴细胞数目(LYMPH)、中性粒细胞数目(GRAN)、淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板数目(PLT)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、血小板比容(PCT)等比冬眠前高;单核细胞数目(Mon)、单核细胞百分比、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞比容(HCT)、红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW)、平均血小板体积(MPV)几乎没有变化;只有红细胞数目(RBC)下降。生理指标的不同反映了花鼠在活动能力、健康状况等方面存在性别和季节性差异。     

氯化汞对SD大鼠血液生理生化指标的影响

为了研究低剂量汞对SD大鼠血液生理生化指标的影响,24只SD大鼠被随机分为4组,分别为对照组(蒸馏水),汞低剂量组(50 mg/L),汞中剂量组(100 mg/L),汞高剂量组(200 mg/L),采用自由饮水染毒,染毒时间为21d.运用全自动血液细胞分析仪测定RBC、WBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC、PLT等血液生理指标的变化;采用半自动生化分析仪测定汞对大鼠血清生化指标TP、ALB、BUN、CR、GLU、TBIL、TCH、TG含量和ALT、AST活性的影响.结果显示,随染毒浓度的增加,各染毒组WBC呈升高趋势,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);而RBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC和PLT则呈降低趋势,部分组间差异显著(P<0.05);GLU、ALB和TP含量呈降低趋势(P<0.05或P>0.05),而CR、BUN和TBIL含量及ALT、AST活性呈升高趋势(P<0.05或P>0.05),此外,当汞染毒剂量在50、100 mg/L时,TG和TCH含量呈升高趋势,而在200 mg/L时则显著降低,与对照组比较,均有显著差异(P<0.05).低剂量汞暴露对SD大鼠血液生理生化指标有显著影响,且存在明显剂量-效应关系;低剂量汞暴露主要引起SD大鼠小细胞低色素性贫血及不同程度肝、肾损伤.     

The effect of exogenous proteases on selected hematological and serum biochemical parameters in boars

The increasing interest in enzymatic growth promoters prompted this investigation of the effect of an enzymatic stimulating complex on selected hematological and serum biochemical parameters in boars. The enzymatic complex [five proteases (proteinases-endopeptidases) and two peptidases (exopeptidases) obtained by fermentation from Streptomyces fradiae] was added to diets for three months, at initial doses of 90 (group E1) and 120 (group E2) g/ton feed for the first seven days followed by 40 and 60 g/ton, respectively, in the subsequent weeks. The evaluation was based on selected hematological (RBC, WBC, HCT (Ht), HGB (Hb), MCV, MCH, and MCHC) and biochemical (AST, ALT, AP, Ca, Mg, urea, cholesterol, creatinine, inorganic phosphorus, and oxyglucose) parameters determined before and after the experimental period. The reported values were within physiological norms. Statistical differences were found between experimental groups with respect to WBC, HCT (Ht), MCV, MCH, AP, Ca, Mg, creatinine, and inorganic phosphorus. The study results indicate that the complex of proteolytic enzymes administered to boars caused no negative changes in their metabolic profiles. The statistically different hematological and serum biochemical parameters, while within normal limits, point to an early stage of microcytic anemia and heightened agitation that could be the result of intensified nitrogen metabolism.     

果寡糖对固始鸡血液生理指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同添加剂量的果寡糖对固始鸡血液生理指标的影响,并确定果寡糖的最佳添加剂量。选用1日龄固始鸡公雏150只,随机分成5个处理组,1个为对照组,其余4个为试验组,对照组不加果寡糖,其他4个组的果寡糖添加水平分别为3、5、7mg/kg和9mg/kg。测定红细胞压积(PCV)、血红蛋白(Hb)含量、红细胞数量、白细胞数量、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)等指标。试验结果表明:1)21和42日龄时,果寡糖试验组的红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量、红细胞数量和白细胞数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组的MCH和MCHC均略有升高,并且可以显著提高MCHC(P<0.05);2)日粮中添加5mg/kg果寡糖对提高红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量、红细胞数量、白细胞数量、MCH和MCHC具有最佳效果。     

Effects of parenteral supply of iron and copper on hematology, weight gain, and health in neonatal dairy calves

The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of parenteral administration of iron and copper on hematological parameters, weight gain, and health of neonatal dairy calves in the period when iron and copper deficiency could be existed. Twenty-four Holstein calves were used for the experiment and randomly assigned to four different treatments. Treatments consisted of (1) control (no injections of Fe and Cu), (2) test 1 (1000 mg Fe as fe-dextran was injected to each calf at day 2 of age), (3) test 2 (160 mg Cu as methionine-copper complex was injected to each calf at day 14 of age), and (4) test 3 (Fe and Cu were injected to each calf as mentioned previously). Blood samples were collected from all of the calves within 24-48 hours after birth and at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of age for measuring hematological parameters and within 24-48 hours after birth and at 14, 21 and 28 days of age for the determination of iron, copper, TIBC concentrations, and AST activity. Anti-coagulated blood was analyzed shortly after collection for: number of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), heamatocrit (HCT), total leukocyte count (WBC), Platelet (Plt), MCH, MCV, MCHC, and differential leukocyte counts. The amounts of iron, copper, TIBC, and AST were measured in serum. Group had significant effects on the amounts of HCT, RBC, hemoglobin, MCV, neutrophil, weekly weight gain, and daily gain during each week (p < 0.05). Sampling time had significant effects on the amounts of RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, fibrinogen, copper, TIBC, AST, weight, weekly gain and, daily gain during each week (p < 0.05). significant interactions between sampling time and group were seen for HCT, RBC, hemoglobin, MCV, platelet, total protein, fibrinogen, iron, and TIBC (p < 0.05). Improved RBC parameters and MCV were seen in calves of group 4 (test 3) in comparing with control group. Total and daily gains were also significantly improved in test groups in comparing with control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was seen for the days of treatment between groups.     

非洲白犀牛血液常规参数的测定

本研究测定了石林龙晖野生动物科研中心饲养的非洲白犀牛的红细胞数、血红蛋白、红细胞比积、平均红细胞体积、平均血红蛋白含量、平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞宽度变异系数、红细胞宽度标准差、血小板数、平均血小板体积、白细胞数、淋巴细胞绝对值、中间细胞绝对值、粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞百分比、中间细胞百分比、粒细胞百分比、大血小板百分比、血小板比积、血小板分布宽度。通过比较分析,雌、雄犀牛在红细胞数、大血小板百分比差异性显著（O．01〈P〈0．05）。其他雌、雄犀牛各项参数差异性不显著（P〉0．05）。雄性白犀牛与公乌蒙马相比,二者的血红蛋白差异性不显著。雌性白犀牛血液中的红细胞数与母乌蒙马的红细胞数差异性不显著。雌、雄白犀牛与安西牛的红细胞数和血红蛋白差异性不显著。因此,在诊断白犀牛血液常规指标时可参考乌蒙马和安西牛相关血液常规指标。     

姬松茸多糖对镉中毒小鼠肝脏剖检及病理组织学变化的影响

目的:探讨姬松茸多糖对镉中毒小鼠肝脏剖检及病理组织学变化的影响,明确其治疗效果。方法:将45只SPF级雄性健康小白鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、多糖治疗组,造模5周后,多糖治疗组用300mg/kg·d多糖治疗,连续20d。结果:姬松茸多糖对小鼠镉中毒肝脏损伤的恢复有一定促进作用。     

不同阶段矮小型褐壳蛋鸡血液生理生化指标测定

试验测定20、40、60周龄矮小型褐壳蛋鸡血液生理指标、血清生化指标,每一周龄公、母鸡各9只,样本量为54只。将数据进行t检验及多重比较分析,结果表明,在此3个时间点上,指标RBC、HGB、MPV、PDW、LYMF%、TP和CHO呈现上升趋势,指标HCT、MCV、RDW%、WBC、LYMF值是先下降后上升,而MCH、MCHC、PCT、PLT、MID、MID%、GRAN、GRAN%、AST、ALB、TG、GLU和ALT值是先上升后下降。同时,不同周龄鸡之间在血液生理生化指标上表现出不同项目差异显著(P0.05)。20、40及60周龄矮小型褐壳蛋鸡雌、雄间均存在显著差异(P0.05)的血液生理生化指标有RBC、HCT、HGB、WBC、LYMF和AST,这表明矮小型褐壳蛋鸡的生理和生化指标随周龄不同,在雌、雄之间的差异随之发生变化。     

Seasonal patterns of strongyle infections in grazing sheep under the traditional production system in the region of Trikala, Greece

Ten 4-month-old female sheep of the Karagouniko dairy breed were used to monitor the seasonal fluctuations of strongyle infections in sheep during the first year of grazing under the traditional production system in the region of Trikala, Greece, where control of nematodes is currently based exclusively on the frequent use of anthelmintics which might contribute to the appearance of anthelmintic resistance. The sheep grazed communal pasture plots and did not receive any anthelmintic treatment during the entire study period. Faecal egg counts (epg), plasma pepsinogen levels, blood values, and genera of parasitic strongyles recovered from coprocultures were recorded monthly. Mean epg for strongyle-type eggs were significantly higher during summer. Mean plasma pepsinogen levels were significantly higher during spring and summer. The genera of parasitic strongyles recovered from the faecal cultures were Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, and Chabertia. The percentages of larvae for Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum were significantly higher during winter. The percentages of larvae for Trichostrongylus were significantly higher during summer. During summer, levels of RBC, HGB, and HCT were depressed and levels of MCV, MCH, and MCHC were elevated. Mean epg for strongyle-type eggs had a significant inverse correlation with RBC, HGB, HCT, and positive correlation with MCH, MCHC, and percentages of eosinophils in differential leucocyte counts. The seasonal pattern of infection observed in the present study indicates that it is possible to decrease the number of treatments to one per year, thus, reducing the possibility for the appearance of anthelmintic resistance.