蜂花粉抗氧化作用的研宄进展

蜂花粉营养全面,含有多种生物活性物质,具有延缓衰老、抗菌消炎、增强免疫力等多种生理和药理功能。综述了蜂花粉中起抗氧化作用的因子和影响蜂花粉抗氧化作用的因素,并对蜂花粉的进一步开发利用方向进行了展望。     

蜂花粉药理与生理作用及在动物医学上的应用

蜂花粉具有十分广泛的药理与生理作用,自古以来人们就把它作为食品和药品加以利用。蜂花粉是花粉粒、花蜜和蜜蜂唾液黏合而成的团状物,同样具有花粉的营养功能。国内外大量研究证明:蜂花粉含有丰富蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸、维生素、生     

蜂花粉多糖的提取与分离纯化及影响

蜂花粉营养丰富,含有多种生物活性物质。多糖是蜂花粉的主要组成成分之一。蜂花粉多糖具有增强免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗辐射、抗凝血、降血糖、降血脂等功能。多糖的提取与分离纯化是蜂花粉多糖研究的重要环节,就近几年蜂花粉多糖的提取与分离纯化及影响因素进行综述。     

蜂花粉中脂类对蜜蜂的作用

蜂花粉是蜜蜂主要的饲粮来源,对蜜蜂具有重要的营养作用。蜂花粉中脂肪酸、甾醇等脂类物质丰富,对蜜蜂采食、抗菌、寿命等均有影响。本文对蜂花粉中的脂类进行了分析,并就脂类对蜜蜂的营养、诱食和抗菌等作用,以及蜜蜂对脂类的营养需要进行阐述。     

2017年蜂花粉研究概况

蜂花粉富含多种功能营养物质,因此具有很高的营养价值,被人们称为“全能营养库”或“微型营养库”。蜂花粉在食品中的应用历史悠久,早在两千多年前的《神农本草经》中就记载了香蒲花粉是一种有益食品。近代科学研究和临床应用也充分肯定了花粉的医疗保健作用,蜂花粉对心脑血管疾病、前列腺癌、前列腺增生、肝病、习惯性便秘、贫血、糖尿病、哮喘等均有一定的治疗作用。近年来,花粉已成为风靡世界的营养食品,越来越受到人们的重视。本文以2017年国外核心期刊上有关蜂花粉研究的论文为依据,对蜂蜜的研究进展进行综述。     

蜂花粉功能食品的研究思路

一、从传统蜂花粉到蜂花粉功能食品 蜂花粉是许多具有营养价值和药效价值的物质所组成的复杂浓缩物，它富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂类、核酸、矿物质、维生素和其它活性物质、氨基酸等。据分析，蜂花粉中活性酶类多达80余种，氨基酸含量是牛肉、鸡蛋中氨基酸含量的6～7倍；核酸含量是鸡肝、虾米的5～10倍；维生素含量远远超过许多种新鲜水果和蔬菜，常量和微量元素多达27种以上，因而享有“全价营养源”、“高浓缩微型营养库”美称。     

蜂花粉的抗氧化作用

蜂花粉是浓缩的营养库,含有多种抗氧化作用因子,这些抗氧化因子在生物机体中发挥重要的抗氧化作用。蜂花粉中主要的抗氧化因子有多酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、维生素C、维生素E、类胡萝卜素和硒等,它们主要是通过阻止DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基等的生成,直接或间接影响过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶的活性等发挥抗氧化作用。蜂花粉营养保健作用全面,有多种生理、药理功能。本文详述了蜂花粉的成分,阐明了其发挥抗氧化作用的因子,并探讨了蜂花粉的抗氧化作用及机理。     

一种新型的畜牧业资源——蜂花粉

对蜂花粉的资源状况、营养组成及其生物学功能进行了分析 ,对其在饲料中的应用现状和作为免疫增强剂的研究进展进行了综述 ,并对蜂花粉在畜牧业中的应用前景进行了展望     

欣赏《大长今》品味花粉香

众所周知,蜜蜂医疗学中蜂花粉占了重要而丰姿多彩的一页。蜂花粉成分复杂,而有效活性因子极为丰富,被誉为植物性“微型营养库”,“最完美的食物”。由于蜂花粉含多种有效成分,其中包括22种氨基酸,14种维生素,30多种微量元素和大量活性蛋白酶、核酸、激素、黄酮类化合物及其他活性物质等,所以赋予它具有多种生理、病理功能,是早为人类所利用的完全营养食品。     

蜂花粉饲喂肉鸡的增重效果

花粉是被子植物雄性生殖器官——雄蕊产生的雄性配子体，相当于雄性动物的精子。蜂花粉含有种类齐全，成份搭配比例十分理想的营养物质。在国际上被称为“完全营养品”、“微型营养库”。它不但含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物，还含有微量元素、微生素、生物活性物质等。我国具有丰富的花粉资源，目前得到开发利用的尚不到资源总量的1／200。蜂花粉的营养丰富，能补充和平衡饲料中的必需营养成分，从而利于机体的消化吸收，促进增长，提高增重，减少饲料消耗，花粉中的激素类物质和胡萝卜素可以促进机体的繁殖机能，延长畜禽生产利用年限，表明了它作为饲料添加剂的优越性和可行性。作为新型绿色饲料添加剂原料的蜂花粉，既具有天然无抗药性的特性，又可以加强畜禽细胞免疫功能，必然受到畜牧业界的青睐。开发环保配方已成为一个新动向，日益受到国内外许多动物营养专家的重视。蜂花粉消化率好、营养成分平衡、增重好、疾病少、排泄物少的特性正适应了这一需求。为了进一步观察蜂花粉对肉鸡的增重效果和经济效益，而进行这项实验。     

Growth performance,carcass quality,biochemical and haematological traits and immune response of growing rabbits as affected by different growth promoters

The aim of the article was to study the effect of different growth promoters on growth performance, carcass quality, biochemical and haematological traits and immune response of growing rabbits. A total number of 105 male growing NZW rabbits during 35–91 days of age were randomly distributed among 7 groups fed the same basal diet and submitted to different dietary treatments: the first group was unsupplemented and used as control; the other groups were supplemented respectively with bee pollen and/or propolis at 200 mg/kg BW of each and inulin and/or mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) at 35 mg/kg BW of each. Body weight gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), biochemical and haematological blood parameters, carcass characteristics, histological studies of ileum and spleen and economical efficiency were measured. Bee pollen administered alone or with propolis significantly (p < 0.01) the body weight gain and improved FCR in respect of the control group. Inulin with MOS significantly improved just FCR than the control group. Bee pollen with propolis and MOS supplemented‐groups resulted in significantly higher (7.96 and 8.41% respectively) white blood cells compared to the control group. Plasma total cholesterol was significantly higher for the MOS group in respect of the control, bee pollen, inulin and inulin with MOS supplemented‐groups. Propolis resulted in significantly higher dressed carcass percentage than the control group and higher carcass index than only bee pollen with propolis supplemented‐group. Bee pollen, in particular if in combination with propolis, could be used as a supplement in the growing rabbits during days 35–91 of age with positive effects on growth rate and feed conversion ratio.     

蜂花粉深加工产品开发研究进展

为了探明当前蜂花粉深加工产品的开发研究进展,本文在参考大量文献的基础上结合多年生产实践,阐述了蜂花粉片、蜂花粉功能性饮料、花粉酸奶、花粉酒、花粉化妆品等深加工产品的制作特点和工艺,为蜂花粉深加工产品相关研究人员提供了宝贵参考。     

Effect of different levels of bee pollen on performance and blood profile of New Zealand White bucks and growth performance of their offspring during summer and winter months

The effect of bee pollen on productive and reproductive performances of adult buck rabbits and their offspring was studied during winter and summer seasons. Forty New Zealand White bucks were equally divided among four groups feeding the same commercial diet and receiving a water solution containing, respectively, 0 (control), 100, 200 and 300 mg bee pollen/kg body weight, twice per week along two experimental periods. The experimental periods were listed for ten weeks both during winter (30–40 weeks of age) and summer seasons (56–66 weeks of age). During the trials body weight, body weight gain, total feed intake, semen quality, fertility and blood constituents were determined. Fertility was determined after natural mating with no treated females. For each season, 80 weaned rabbits obtained from the bucks of the control group were equally divided (20 per group) among 4 levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW) of bee pollen, given as a water solution twice per week. The offspring sired by bucks given 100, 200 and 300 mg (20 for each group and season) were not administrated bee pollen. The effect of bee pollen on growth performance of rabbits was studied from 4 to 12 weeks of age. Bee pollen at 200 mg/kg BW significantly (p < 0.01) improved semen quality, increased fertility percentage, improved biochemical profiles of blood and helps outstanding of bucks during both seasons. The same concentration of bee pollen increased body weight gain and survival rate and reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio of offspring up to 12 weeks of age.     

饲用β-甘露聚糖酶的研究及应用

β-甘露聚糖酶是最重要的饲用酶制剂之一,是一种新型饲料添加剂。添加β-甘露聚糖酶主要有促进动物生长,预防动物疾病;提高动物的饲料转化效率;减少粪便排泄,减轻环境污染等作用。作者从β-甘露聚糖酶的来源、理化性质、作用机理及其在动物生产中的应用4个方面阐述了饲用β-甘露聚糖酶的研究及应用。     

Effect of bee pollen levels on productive, reproductive and blood traits of NZW rabbits

Forty New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit does were equally divided among four groups feeding the same commercial diet and receiving a water solution containing, respectively, 0 (control), 100, 200 and 300 mg bee pollen/kg body weight (BW), 1 week before and after mating during moderate (October-February) and hot seasons (May-September) for three consecutive mating in each season. Does were mated with non-treated adult NZW male rabbits 11 days after kindling. Body weight of does, number of service per conception, conception rate, feed intake, litter size, milk production, blood constituents, weight of kits from birth up to weaning and survival rate were determined. For each season, 80 weaned rabbits originated from the does of the control group (untreated does) were equally divided into four groups (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW) of bee pollen, given as a water solution twice per week from 4 to 12 weeks of age. The kit of the does given 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW did not receive bee pollen during the growing period (4-12 weeks of age). The effect of bee pollen on growing rabbit's performance was studied from 4 to 12 week of age. Bee pollen at 200 mg significantly (p < 0.01) increased body weight of does, conception rate, milk yield, litter size; improved biochemical profiles of blood and helps outstanding of does during both seasons. The same dose of bee pollen significantly increased kit growth and their survival rate until weaning. Growth and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of kits from the treated does during 4-8 weeks of age were significantly better than growth of kits from the untreated does that administrated bee pollen during 4-12 weeks of age. Meanwhile, during the following period (8-12 weeks of age) growth and FCR of kits given bee pollen from the untreated does were significantly better than that of treated does.     

磷脂在肉鸡生产的应用

磷脂是一种新型的饲料添加剂,具有提高家禽的采食量,促进动物生长,提高畜产品品质的作用.另外,磷脂在抗氧化、降血脂,保证家禽神经系统健康等方面发挥很重要的作用.通过对磷脂的生理功能及其在肉鸡饲料中应用的综述,以亟为畜牧生产实践提供参考.     

高油玉米及其在畜禽饲料中的应用

高油玉米是近年来培育起来的一种新型优质玉米 ,我国在这一高技术领域处于世界领先地位。本文着重介绍了高油玉米作为畜禽饲料的饲喂效果及其在优质畜产品生产中的作用。同时 ,对高油玉米生产的生产方式和未来发展趋势进行了分析。本文认为 ,高油玉米作为畜禽饲养业中一种新的饲料来源 ,其大量推广应用不仅有利于提高畜牧业的生产水平 ,而且有助于改善畜禽产品的品质 ,提高我国畜产品在国际市场的竞争力     

饲料酶制剂研究进展

饲料酶制剂是一类重要的饲料添加剂 ,具有提高饲料转化效率 ,促进动物生长 ,消除抗营养因子的作用 ,可扩大可利用饲料资源范围 ,改善养殖的生态环境。本文介绍了饲料酶制剂的研究进展概况。     

杆菌肽产品在动物饲料中的应用研究进展

杆菌肽是一种多肽类抗生素,具有促进动物生长、提高饲料转化率、预防和治疗多种动物肠道疾病的作用,同时具有无残留、无休药期、不产生耐药性、无毒副作用、安全性好等特性,在动物养殖和饲料生产中已有广泛应用。文中简介了杆菌肽的理化性质及其特点,综述了杆菌肽产品在动物饲料中的应用研究进展,并分析和展望了杆菌肽产品的市场应用前景。     

饲料添加剂对动物和人体健康及环境的影响

随着饲料工业发展,饲料添加剂在我国得到了迅速地应用和推广,添加剂的种类在增加,其作用也不仅仅是促进生长,一些添加剂已成为促进营养物质消化吸收或保证动物营养生理功能正常发挥所必需的物质,成为全价饲粮中必不可少的组成部分。但是,有些饲料添加剂使用不当或过量也会对动物和人体健康及生态环境产生不良影响。