不同用药方法对牦牛多头蚴病的疗效试验

[目的]观察三种不同用药方法对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗效果。[方法]采用吡喹酮增量法、阿苯达唑增量法、吡喹酮和阿苯达唑联合法治疗牦牛多头蚴病。[结果]吡喹酮增量法试验组,症状消失的平均时间为8.25 d;有效率为80.9%,治愈率为72.7%;阿苯达唑增量法试验组,症状消失的平均时间为10.6 d,有效率为100%,治愈率为90.9%;吡喹酮与阿苯达唑联合法组,症状消失的平均时间为12.43 d,有效率为80%,治愈率为60%。[结论]吡喹酮增量法疗效较其它组快;阿苯达唑增量法效果缓慢,但疗效较高;联合用药法疗效欠佳。     

辽西地区黄牛脑多头蚴病的临床治疗试验研究

本实验为初步确诊为患有脑多头蚴的病牛选用丙硫咪唑和吡喹酮两种广谱驱虫药,采用"单用药治疗法"和"联合用药治疗法"对17头初诊为脑多头蚴病的黄牛进行不同药物剂量治疗。给药方案为第一天5mg/kg,以后4d以5mg/kg的药量进行递增,5d为一疗程。实验结果表明,吡喹酮对黄牛脑多头蚴病有效率为100%,治愈率为80%;丙硫咪唑的有效率为100%,治愈率为100%;吡喹酮和丙硫咪唑联合使用有效率为100%,治愈率为60%。可见,对此病治疗单独使用丙硫咪唑效果更好。     

两种药物对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗效果分析

目的:对吡喹酮片剂和阿苯达唑干混悬剂这两种药物治疗高原型牦牛多头蚴病的效果进行分析探讨。方法:选取2012年—2014年感染了高原型牦牛多头蚴病的牦牛50例作为研究对象,随机分为两组,A组和B组,每组25例。A组牦牛给予吡喹酮片剂进行治疗,B组牦牛给予阿苯达唑干混悬剂进行治疗,比较两组牦牛治疗效果。结果:A组牦牛治愈的有23头,治愈率为92.0%,B组牦牛治愈的有20头,治愈率为80.0%,A组的治愈率明显高于B组的治愈率,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:吡喹酮片剂治疗高原型牦牛多头蚴病具有更好的效果,治愈率高,并且不会造成牦牛的死亡。     

复方吡喹酮注射液防治羊脑多头蚴病的试验研究

为了获得复方吡喹酮注射液治疗羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量,本试验应用复方吡喹酮注射液30、50、80 mg/kg BW三个剂量组对患羊脑多头蚴病的绵羊进行治疗,设80 mg/kg BW剂量的丙硫咪唑作为药物对照组.试验结果表明,30 mg/kg BW剂量组治愈率较低,为68.97%,不能达到治疗目的;50和80 mg/kg BW剂量对羊脑多头蚴均有很强的驱杀作用,对病羊的治愈率分别为91.84%和92.85%,但两组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);高、中剂量组(80、50 mg/kg BW)与低剂量组、药物对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).50 mg/kg BW剂量为防治羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量.     

药物对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗作用分析

目的:探讨药物对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗作用。方法:本次研究的对象均为2015~2016年同一牧场感染多头蚴病的高原型牦牛,共有48头,将其随机分为3组,I组、II组和阳性对照组,其中I组牦牛采用阿苯达唑干混悬剂治疗,II组牦牛采用吡喹酮片剂治疗,比较3组的治疗效果。结果:I组的治愈率为81.3%,死亡率为6.3%,II组的治愈率为93.8%,死亡率为0,阳性对照组的治愈率为0,死亡率为100%,I组和II组的治疗效果明显比阳性对照组的更优,II组的治疗效果明显比I组的更优,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:药物治疗高原型牦牛多头蚴病具有良好的作用,能够提高治愈率,减少牦牛死亡,其中吡喹酮片剂的治疗效果比阿苯达唑干混悬剂的更好,值得使用。     

两种药物对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗效果观察

[目的]观察吡喹酮片剂、阿苯达唑干混悬剂对高原型牦牛多头蚴病的治疗效果,确定最佳剂量和用药次数。[方法]应用吡喹酮片剂按35、70 mg/kg剂量口服、阿苯达唑干混悬剂按25、50 mg/kg剂量口服治疗牦牛多头蚴病。[结果]吡喹酮片剂两个剂量的治愈率分别为72.73%和91.67%;阿苯达唑干混悬剂两个剂量的治愈率分别为81.82%和83.33%。从吡喹酮片剂35 mg/kg的剂量组死亡的2头牛检出多头蚴8个,平均感染强度2.67个;从阿苯达唑干混悬剂25 mg/kg的剂量组死亡的1头牛检出脑多头蚴2.0个,平均感染强度2个。从阳性对照组死亡的10头牛检出脑多头蚴37个,平均感染强度3.7个。[结论]吡喹酮片剂70mg/kg剂量间隔5 d三次给药达高效,适于推广应用。     

吡喹酮治疗牦牛多头蚴的疗效观察

牛多头蚴是我国牦牛饲养地区常见体内寄生虫疾病,发病率和致死率都比较高,同时还会严重威胁到牛群健康,给畜牧业发展带来严重的经济损失。长期以来牦牛多头蚴治疗主要采用手术摘除包囊的方法治疗,但是手术治疗方式在实际生产过程中会受到一定限制,很难推广和应用。而吡喹酮作为一种驱虫药物在治疗牦牛多头蚴方面有着不错的治疗效果。笔者主要结合实际情况,就吡喹酮治疗牦牛多头蚴的疗效进行了分析。     

牦牛多头蚴病的病因与诊治

经调查从青海省班玛县1～2岁牦牛中发现有67头牦牛出现多头蚴的症状,经实验室检查、发病机理并结合临床症状、病理剖检变化,确诊为牛多头蚴病。应用磺胺嘧啶钠、复方吡喹酮注射液等药物治疗,除发病已久的13头牦牛死亡外,其余的牦牛痊愈。     

吡喹酮治牛羊脑包虫病

呼盟犊牛、羔羊脑多头蚴病发病率比较高,笔者经过多年治疗研究总结出利用药物治疗此病的可靠经验,供临床参考。牛、羊是脑多头蚴的中间宿主,此病有急性、慢性两种,治疗本病需在慢性过程中的早期。利用吡喹酮清除寄生在脑部和脊髓中的脑多头蚴,治愈率犊牛可达95%,羊可达60%。用药方法:可行两次用药法,第一次可按体重总用药量的1/2给药,皮下或肌肉分点注射,间隔48小时再行第二次,将剩余的1/2药用完。在用吡喹酮期间,可按体重用青霉素、链霉素、安痛定或磺胺药类,以缓解脑膜及脑炎症状。在用吡喹酮4～5天后,由于脑包虫被杀死,包内液体需在一定…     

吡喹酮治疗牦牛多头蚴病的疗效观察

牛多头蚴病是青海省放牧地区十分常见的1类寄生虫疾病,该种疾病致死率极高,同时也是1种人畜共患病,不仅会给养殖产业造成严重危害,还会影响到农牧民的身体健康。长期以来,牦牛多头蚴病治疗主要采用手术摘除包囊,而由于手术治疗属于创伤性方法,主要用于中后期患病治疗,在临床治疗过程中存在一定限制,很难普及推广。牦牛多头蚴病治疗过程中,科学选择药物进行对症治疗,对治疗牦牛多头蚴病也具有很好的效果。本次主要就吡喹酮治疗牦牛多头蚴病的效果开展临床试验。     

Prevalence of Taenia multiceps in sheep in northern Jordan

From March 1996 to February 1997, slaughtered-sheeps' heads were examined for the metacestode of Taenia multiceps. Out of 451 sheep heads, only 12 (3%) were infested. All cysts but one were in the age group 0.5-2.5 years old, with prevalence of 10% (11 of 108). Eleven of 12 infested heads were found during the spring and autumn seasons. Out of 95 flocks involved in questionnaire survey unrelated to the abattoir survey, all the farmers reported the existence of the clinical signs known for coenurosis and described it in locally known names and diseases. Twenty-five of them had recent cases that were diagnosed by the veterinarian as coenurosis cases. Each flock reported one or two cases at the time of survey. A variety of clinical signs were reported from these cases (n = 42). These included circling (86%), head pressing (52%), blindness (29%) and paresis (40%). Coenurosis is a sheep-health problem and an important cause of sheep culling in Jordan.     

脑多头蚴病研究进展

脑多头蚴病是由多头带绦虫的中绦期幼虫脑多头蚴寄生于绵羊、山羊、黄牛、牦牛等有蹄动物的脑及脊髓中引起的一种人兽共患寄生虫病,人可因误食虫卵而感染此病。该病在宿主出现典型临床症状后如果得不到治疗,多以死亡为转归,给畜牧业生产造成了巨大的经济损失。论文就脑多头蚴病的病原学、生活史、流行病学、临床症状、诊断、治疗及免疫预防等方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

Clinical Features and Outcome of Heterobilharzia americana Infection in Dogs

Background: Heterobilharzia americana (HA), the causative agent of canine schistosomiasis, is a flatworm with a freshwater snail as an intermediate host. Only case reports or small case series evaluating naturally infected dogs have been published.
Objective: Describe clinical signs in dogs naturally infected with HA.
Animals: Twenty-two dogs naturally infected with HA from 1985 to 2009.
Methods: Retrospective study. All medical records were searched for HA and schistosomiasis. Only dogs with a diagnosis based on identification of ova on histopathology or fecal saline sedimentation were included.
Results: The median age was 3.1 years (1–12). The median duration of clinical signs before diagnosis was 0.63 months (0.03–12). The most common clinical signs were lethargy (91%), weight loss (77%), hyporexia (68%), vomiting (59%), and diarrhea (55%). Eleven of the 22 dogs were hypercalcemic. Hypercalcemia did not resolve without definitive treatment with praziquantel. HA infection was an incidental diagnosis in 7/22 dogs. Diagnosis was obtained via necropsy (4), histopathology (9), and fecal examination (9). Definitive treatment included praziquantel and fenbendazole. Eighteen dogs were diagnosed antemortem and 17 were treated. Twelve dogs were alive for 6 months to 3 years after diagnosis.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: HA infection occurs in younger, larger breed, indoor dogs. Hypercalcemia does not resolve without praziquantel treatment. Prognosis is good and neither hypercalcemic-induced renal failure nor ascites appears to worsen prognosis. Dogs in affected areas or that have traveled to affected areas that present for weight loss, gastrointestinal or liver disease, and hypercalcemia, should be tested.     

吡喹酮注射液对水牛血吸虫病的临床治疗效果

采用粪便毛蚴孵化法筛选自然感染血吸虫病水牛,考察30%吡喹酮注射液对水牛血吸虫病的临床治疗效果。在实验性临床试验中,将自然感染血吸虫病水牛随机分为5组,分别为吡喹酮注射液高（20 mg/kg）、中（10 mg/kg）、低（5 mg/kg）剂量组,吡喹酮片组（30 mg/kg）和阳性对照组（不用药组）。给药30 d后,吡喹酮注射液高、中、低剂量组及吡喹酮片组的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率分别为100.0%、100.0%、77.8%和85.7%。在扩大临床试验中,将自然感染血吸虫病水牛随机分为2组,分别为吡喹酮注射液推荐剂量组（10 mg/kg）和吡喹酮片组（30 mg/kg）,给药30 d后,吡喹酮注射液组的52头患牛的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率为100%,吡喹酮片组的6头患牛的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率为100%。研究结果表明,30%吡喹酮注射液对水牛血吸虫病具有良好的治疗效果,给药方便,可以替代传统内服片剂,临床推荐剂量为10 mg/kg。     

Clinical Therapeutic Effect of Praziquantel Injection on Buffalo Schistosomiasis

To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of 30% praziquantel injection on buffalo schistosomiasis, the sick buffalos naturally infected with Schistosoma japonicum were selected by miracidium hatching method. In experimental clinical trials, sick buffalos were randomly divided into five groups, high-dose (20 mg/kg), middle-dose (10 mg/kg) and low-dose (5 mg/kg) praziquantel injection groups, praziquantel tablet group (30 mg/kg) and positive control group. After the treatment of 30 d, the negative conversion rate of miracidium were 100.0%, 100.0%, 77.8% and 85.7%, respectively, in praziquantel injection groups with the high, middle and low dose and oral medication group. In expanded clinical trials, the sick buffalos were randomly divided into two groups, praziquantel injection group (10 mg/kg, i.m.) and praziquantel tablet group (30 mg/kg). The results showed that, the negative conversion rate of miracidium were all 100% in the former 52 patients and the latter 6 patients after 30 d. The research confirmed that praziquantel injection was significantly effective in the treatment of buffalo schistosomiasis and convenient for administration. It was concluded that 30% praziquantel injection could replace the traditional oral praziquantel tablet for the treatment of buffalo schistosomiasis, and the recommended dose was 10 mg/kg.     

羊场暴发脑包虫病的诊治与防控

绵羊脑包虫病是由多头带绦虫（Taenia multiceps）的中绦期幼虫——脑多头蚴（Coenurus cerebralis）引起的一种严重危害羔羊的寄生虫病。脑多头蚴主要寄生于牛羊等反刍动物的脑和脊髓中,病畜出现一系列神经症状,最终导致死亡。介绍绵羊脑包虫病的病例情况、临床症状、病理剖解变化、诊断、手术治疗,分析发病原因,提出了针对脑包虫病的综合防控措施。     

吡喹酮非水溶液注射剂的研制--日本血吸虫病治疗试验

利用本课题组研制的吡喹酮非水溶液注射剂，分别进行了小鼠和牛的日本血吸虫病治疗试验。结果表明，感染日本血吸虫的小鼠按每千克体质量20mg和30mg的剂量肌肉注射吡喹酮的减雌率均达100％，人工感染日本血吸虫的牛按每千克体质量10mg和12mg的剂量肌肉注射吡喹酮的减雌率均达100％，每千克体质量8mg的剂量的减雌率为96．41％。自然感染血吸虫病牛按每千克体质量10mg的剂量肌肉注射后30d，粪便转阴率达90．50％。这一结果说明，研制的吡喹酮注射剂具有良好的治疗效果。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN OVINE COENUROSIS

Computed tomographic imaging was conducted in twenty ewes with cerebral coenurosis. CT imaging allowed precise evaluation of the size and location of the cyst, which appeared as a hypoattenuating structure with a mass effect. No meaningful correlation between clinical signs and the location of parasitic cyst was detected.