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Phytoparasitica - During a study on soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) and their natural enemies in Serbia, the parasitoid Coccophagus shillongensis Hayat and Singh 1989 (Hymenoptera:... 相似文献
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The ficus whitefly Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is recorded for the first time in Italy. It was detected in Reggio Calabria (Southern Italy) in a public garden. The monitoring of its presence has highlighted its distribution in most of the city's urban green areas. S. simplex was found on Ficus benjamina and F. microcarpa trees, most of which were severely defoliated. The wide distribution and the high level of the infestations suggest that the introduction of this insect is not recent. 相似文献
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Shailesh Pandey Balwant Singh J. Kumar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(4):847-862
Bacterial leaf blight caused (BLB) by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the most serious biotic constraint of rice in Udham Singh Nagar (U.S. Nagar), India. We have experienced severe BLB outbreaks, causing total crop failure during 2007–2010. The severity of losses incurred due to BLB in U.S. Nagar necessitates the development of an ecology-conscious, effective and durable management strategy. Our interests here were focused to obtain information on the haplotypic and pathogenic variability of Xoo to develop effective breeding strategy for BLB resistance. Our results indicate that the currently existing population of Xoo in U.S. Nagar is highly virulent and genetically diverse. Twenty one haplotypes were detected among a collection of 193 strains by each of the PCR technique used i.e. rep-PCR and IS-PCR. The high value of total haplotypic diversity (HT =0.79) reflected the genetic heterogeneity of Xoo population infecting popular varieties. Strains responsible for severe BLB outbreaks were grouped into eight distinct lineages with significant bootstrap values (p?>?75). Virulence assay revealed the presence of 11 pathotypes. The interaction of lines with strains was found significant (p?<?0.01) confirming the pathogenic specialization of Xoo in U.S. Nagar. Most of the single major resistance genes used in rice breeding program at International Rice research Institute (IRRI) was defeated by Xoo strains, at the same time; effectiveness of Xa21 to all the pathotypes is encouraging. The potential of Xa21 alone or in combination with xa13 and xa5 could be exploited for pyramiding into well-adapted rice cultivars for the effective management of the pathogen in this region. This is the first report on the population structure of Xoo in U.S. Nagar, India. 相似文献
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A new host and distribution record is provided for the whitefly parasitoid Baeoentedon balios Wang, Huang, & Polaszek (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Specimens were reared from ficus whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), in St. Petersburg, FL, USA, representing the second confirmed host for B. balios, as well as the first record of Baeoentedon Girault from the Western Hemisphere. 相似文献
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The ficus whitefly Singhiella simplex is an urban area pest which originated from Asia.Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is for the first time recorded for the whitefly fauna in Turkey. The pest was found on Ficus microcarpa in Antalya province, Turkey. Its identification, host plants, and distribution across the world are briefly described. 相似文献
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中国的沙暴、尘暴及其防治 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13
沙尘暴在进入 90年代以来有进一步加剧趋势 ,其原因在于此期我国西北地区气候干暖化态势明显 ,人类超负荷开发资源加剧 ,从而导致沙尘暴的频繁发生 ,但总体上仍属于正常的灾害现象。我国沙暴只能发生于干旱半干旱区 ,尘暴则可波及半湿润与湿润区 ,由此而论 ,北京的沙尘暴属于尘暴范畴 ,北京不会形成沙漠区。防治沙尘暴必须采取水、土、植被综合防治措施 ,基本对策是 :1 .搞好流域为单元的水土资源合理利用规划 ,进行水土保持综合防治 ;2 .增加地表植被复盖 ,搞好防护林体系建设 ;3 .减轻土地利用强度 ,恢复提高土地抗蚀能力 ;4.加强管理体系建设 ,依法建设生态环境。建议国家设立水土保持为主要职能的生态环境建设委员会 ,统一协调布署我国的生态环境建设工作。 相似文献
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郁金香和百合是最重要的百合科球根花卉。病害是制约郁金香和百合产业健康发展的重要因素。本文介绍了国内为害郁金香和百合的主要病害和病原。国内为害郁金香和百合的主要病原真菌有镰刀菌、灰霉和炭疽菌;主要病原细菌有萎蔫短小杆菌、果胶杆菌属和迪基氏属软腐细菌;主要病毒有郁金香碎色病毒、百合斑驳病毒、百合无症病毒和黄瓜花叶病毒等RNA病毒。主要植物病原线虫有短体线虫、茎线虫和滑刃线虫。线虫取食伤害郁金香和百合的根、鳞茎和芽,促进病原真菌和细菌对植物的复合侵染;毛刺属和拟毛刺属线虫除侵害郁金香和百合,还作为介体向植物传播烟草脆裂病毒。为害郁金香和百合的线虫,南芥菜花叶病毒、草莓潜隐环斑病毒和番茄环斑病毒等RNA病毒是与郁金香和百合相关的主要进境检疫性有害生物。本文也介绍了鉴定这些病原的常规方法和新方法,为建立郁金香和百合主要病原的检测检疫体系提供技术理论支持。 相似文献
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