蛋鸡产蛋初期发生水样粪便的诊治

蛋鸡产蛋初期出现水样粪便,常被忽视和误诊,主要表现为大量水样粪便,虽不引起鸡死亡,但影响鸡的生产性能.主要病因是过早供给鸡含钙量高的蛋鸡高峰料,使鸡肾脏受损伤所致.投放抗菌素及微生态制剂无治疗效果,采取去除病因和使用调节肾脏的药物,如NaHCO3、VC等办法疗效明显.     

夏季蛋鸡水样腹泻的综合防治

近年来，蛋鸡出现顽固性水样腹泻的现象非常普遍，特别是在夏季尤为严重，有的持续一个月，有的可以持续半年，严重影响蛋鸡的生产性能，给蛋鸡养殖户带来很大的经济损失。夏季蛋鸡的顽固性水样腹泻往往是由细菌、病毒、真菌等微生物和寄生虫以外的因素所引起的非病原性腹泻。经用多种抗生素治疗效果不理想。其症状虽然没有传染病引起的腹泻危害严重，但同样可引起蛋鸡饮水增多、排水样稀粪、料粪等，蛋料比降低，生产性能达不到预期标准，若不及时控制，将会造成不可弥补的损失。     

初产蛋鸡非病原性腹泻的防治措施

初产蛋鸡的水样腹泻是饲养蛋鸡的养殖户们经常遇到的问题,在临床上也比较常见.蛋鸡一开产就出现水样腹泻,有的持续1～2周,有的持续1～2个月,甚至更长时间.通常引起水样腹泻的原因很多,有细菌、病毒、寄生虫、中毒病等等,但初产蛋鸡的腹泻往往是由非病原性因素引起的.     

初产蛋鸡的水样腹泻

目前，初产蛋鸡的水样腹泻出现的非常普遍，很多情况下。蛋鸡刚一开产就出现水样腹泻，有的持续一个月，有的可以持续半年以上，产重影响蛋鸡的生产性能，给蛋鸡养殖户带来很大的经济损失。初产蛋鸡的水样腹泻往往是由细菌、病毒、真菌等微生物和寄生虫及以外的因素所引起的非病原性腹泻。其症状虽然没有传染病引起的腹泻严重，但同样可引起蛋鸡饮承增多、排水样稀粪、料粪等，     

星杂579(褐)蛋鸡食盐中毒的诊治

河南省济源市某蛋鸡养殖场,65日龄蛋鸡突现食欲下降、饮水剧增、蛋鸡精神倦怠、运动失调、双脚无力、排水样粪便症状,有的全身痉挛、倒地死亡。经过询问、剖检和实验室检验,诊断为食盐中毒。针对病情调换无盐饲料饲喂,并进行了对症治疗,4天后死亡停止,鸡群基本恢复健康。     

蛋鸡产蛋初期发生水样粪便的诊治

蛋鸡产蛋初期。出现水样粪便，常被忽视和误诊，主要表现为大量水样粪便。虽不引起鸡只死亡，但影响鸡的生产性能。主要病因是过早供给鸡含钙量高的蛋鸡高峰料，使鸡肾脏受到损伤所致。投放抗生素及微生态制荆无治疗效果。采取去除病因和使用调节肾脏功能的药物如碳酸氢钠、Vc等办法疗效明显。     

鸡非病原性腹泻的防治对策

（一）发病原因所谓非病原性腹泻就是非细菌、病毒之类病原引起的鸡腹泻。尤其是饲养蛋鸡的养殖户经常发现初产蛋鸡总是发生水样腹泻的状况，蛋鸡一开产就出现水样腹泻，长的可持续1～2个月。通常引起水样腹泻的原闪有：     

蛋鸡开产前后水样腹泻综合征

蛋鸡开产前后腹泻,是近几年来在养鸡业上多见的一种疾病,临床上以剧烈的水样腹泻为特征.本病常发生于开产前后的青年母鸡,在夏季和初秋季节开产的蛋鸡发病最为明显.发病日龄通常在110～150日龄,低于或超过该日龄范围的蛋鸡很少发病.患鸡的采食量和生产性能不受明显的影响,死淘率较低.但由于粪便过于稀薄,几乎呈水样,患鸡能饮,给饲养管理带来不便.……     

初产蛋鸡腹泻原因简析

在产蛋鸡中,尤其是刚开产的蛋鸡,常有腹泻发生,有的腹泻时间很长,有的甚至出现水样腹泻.其中水样腹泻的原因很多,可分为病原性和非病原性的.下面就这一情况做以简单分析.     

蛋鸡产蛋初期发生水样腹泻的诊治

蛋鸡产蛋初期出现水样粪便,常被忽视和误诊,主要表现为大量水样粪便。虽不引起鸡只死亡,但影响鸡的生产性能。主要病因是过早供给鸡含钙量高的蛋鸡高峰料,使鸡肾脏受损伤所致。投放抗生素及微生态制剂无治疗效果。采取去除病因和使用调节肾脏功能的药物如肾肿解毒药、碳酸氢钠、维生素C等办法疗效明显。2005年夏季,我市某些乡镇的一些中小型养鸡场,普遍发生了蛋鸡在产蛋初期出现水样粪便的症状,并伴有鸡群饮水量增大,产蛋率上升缓慢或产蛋高峰上不去等情况。发病鸡群涉及11个乡镇、154个中小型蛋鸡场,约120万只鸡。该病症有的被误诊为鸡大…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.