鸡皮肤切伤无疤痕愈合的初步观察

为研究鸡皮肤伤口的愈合过程,对成年鸡胸侧壁皮肤作皮肤全层切口。发现鸡皮肤切伤除出血外,渗出物很少,并且很快结痂,大约8天左右脱痂。脱痂后伤口面积发生不同程度收缩变小。伤口脱痂后创面可以触摸到疤痕组织块,并且表面组织细胞仍然不断发生死亡并发生蜕皮,每次蜕皮后伤口面积都发生缩小,最后伤口边缘靠在一起,疤痕组织消失。结果表明鸡皮肤切伤伤口能实现无疤痕愈合。     

用新型间充质干细胞制剂治疗猫创口延迟愈合

创伤后皮肤破裂或手术后皮肤创口都可能导致伤口(或切口)延迟愈合。身体是一个不断代谢的有机体,有自己的调节机制,皮肤损伤后的愈合时间也会遵循同样的规律。如果伤口愈合过程受到负面影响,则可能导致伤口延迟愈合。伤口出现延迟愈合的原因包括感染、药物、异物存留、损伤严重、营养不良、疾病、组织对合不良、年龄因素、皮肤缺损、自体敏感、脂肪液化、皮下积液等。研究建立了一种直接注射的间充质干细胞(MSCs)制剂,用于治疗1例由自体敏感导致的猫创口延迟愈合。治疗后21 d,伤口完全愈合。MSCs的局部植入成功促进了溃烂伤口的皮肤再生,并促进了毛发再生。研究结果为进一步推动干细胞治疗宠物疾病提供了切实可行的治疗剂型并提供了良好的治疗案例。     

犬脂肪干细胞在犬皮肤创伤修复中的作用

脂肪干细胞由于其获取方便,具有多向分化能力且体外增殖能力强,近年来在创伤愈合和组织修复过程中的作用日益受到研究者的重视。本研究为犬同种异体脂肪干细胞在犬皮肤全层创伤愈合中的作用,以便其在小动物临床治疗应用中提供一定的试验支持。本研究对五只犬进行直径三厘米的皮肤全层切除从而建立创伤模型,创伤局部注射经Dil荧光染料染色的异体脂肪干细胞,与未注射脂肪干细胞的对照组进行对照,从伤口愈合状况,伤口愈合率及愈合时间,肉芽组织的组织学切片观察,新生皮肤组织冰冻切片荧光显微镜观察等方面进行评价,结果表明犬异体脂肪干细胞创伤局部注射后,犬没有表现出不良反应,注射部位无异常;五只犬中三只试验组愈合速度快于对照组,上皮化时间较早,一只无差别,另一只试验组慢于对照组;肉芽组织切片观察,试验组新生血管密度高于对照组,且胶原纤维更加丰富;试验组新生皮肤组织中发现红色荧光散在存在于真皮上部,对照组未见红色荧光存在。研究结果表明,犬异体脂肪干细胞可减少炎症反应,促进犬皮肤创伤愈合速度,提高肉芽组织中新生血管密度,增加胶原纤维的分泌量,并且可存在于新生的皮肤组织中。     

干细胞分泌因子对皮肤创伤犬的治疗作用

探讨干细胞分泌因子对犬皮肤创伤的治疗作用,建立犬皮肤损伤模型,观察其治疗犬皮肤创伤的临床效果。将皮肤创面为30mm×30mm的9只损伤模型幼犬,随机分为3组,分别为骨髓间充质干细胞分泌因子(BMSCF)治疗组、常规治疗组和对照组,取BMSCF加于皮肤损伤的犬创面,以平均愈合时间、愈合残留面积为指标,观察各组动物损伤皮肤的修复情况。结果显示,BMSCF治疗组皮肤平均修复时间为27.66d±0.87d,愈合残留面积分别为(8.043±0.124)cm~2/10d、(3.317±0.105)cm~2/20d、0cm~2/30d,相对于其他两组治疗时间明显缩短,创面愈合效果好(P0.05)。皮肤组织切片结果显示,BMSCF治疗组皮肤组织结构愈合完整、快速、瘢痕面积小。结果表明相对于常规治疗,干细胞分泌因子对犬创面愈合治疗效果显著、疗程短,通过干细胞分泌因子治疗临床上犬难愈性创面是一种切实可行的新途径。     

防腐药在兽医领域的应用分析

<正>防腐药主要用于抑制局部皮肤、黏膜和创伤等生物体表的微生物感染,也用于食品及生物制品等的防腐,防腐药在兽医领域中的应用包括皮肤清洁、伤口擦洗和乳头浸洗等方面。1皮肤清洁理想的皮肤消毒剂的特征包括广谱、作用迅速,且有持久的杀灭作用和清洗效果,对皮肤无刺激性、不妨碍伤口愈合以及在有机物质中仍有活     

尿道造口术治疗公犬尿道膀胱结石一例

目的:观察和分析不尿道造口术治疗公犬尿道膀胱结石的治疗效果。方法:选择我院接收治疗的1例公犬尿道膀胱结石为研究对象。观察其治疗效果。结果:病犬得以治愈,伤口均在7 d愈合,14 d后拆线。手术摘除了以尿酸盐、磷酸钙为主的尿道膀胱结石,6个月后也没有复发。结论:在公犬尿道膀胱结石的治疗中,尿道造口术手术方法较为简单,且出血少、创伤小,给动物带来的痛苦也较小,复发率低,值得参考。     

鱼土、鱼红合剂治疗家畜创伤

创伤是因锐性外力或强烈的钝性外力作用于机体组织或器官，使受伤部皮肤或黏膜出现伤口及深在组织与外界相通的机械性损伤。由于治疗方法的不科学，而影响创伤的愈合。     

罗非鱼皮在猫皮肤环形撕脱伤治疗中的应用

为了观察新型生物敷料罗非鱼皮对猫皮肤撕脱伤的治疗效果,试验采用将新鲜消毒的罗非鱼皮应用于右后肢皮肤环形撕脱伤的幼猫,同时给予常规外伤护理的治疗方法,经过持续10周的试验性治疗观察疗效。结果表明:罗非鱼皮能促进肉芽组织新生,加速伤口愈合,并且机体对鱼皮未出现明显的排异反应。治疗第74天,患猫伤口收缩,皮肤延伸,最后愈合。同时罗非鱼皮作为新型生物敷料,具有良好的延展性、生物相容性、低过敏性和抗菌性,避免了传统敷料换药时带来的二次创伤。说明罗非鱼皮可应用于宠物外伤的辅助治疗。     

饲粮中添加鸽肉对大鼠伤口愈合的影响

试验旨在研究鸽肉对创伤大鼠伤口愈合的影响。将建模成功的60只SD大鼠随机分成3个组,每组20只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验A组饲喂基础饲粮+20%鸽肉,试验B组饲喂基础饲粮+30%鸽肉。试验期28 d。致伤后第3、7、14天,描绘伤口形状,计算创面的愈合率,同时取伤口附近皮肤标本,石蜡包埋处理切片,HE染色,进行组织病理学观察;第14天进行采血分离血清,测定胰岛素样生长因子1受体(IGF-1R)和血小板源生长因子(PDGF)的含量;记录大鼠伤口愈合天数。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加30%鸽肉组的大鼠在第7天、第14天的伤口愈合率明显高于对照组(P0.05),并且添加20%和30%鸽肉组的伤口愈合时间显著低于对照组(P0.05),添加20%和30%鸽肉第14天肉芽组织、血管增生明显,并且添加30%鸽肉组IGF-1R和PDGF含量显著高于对照组。综上所述,饲喂鸽肉有促进大鼠伤口愈合的效果。     

复方中药促进创伤愈合作用效果研究

通过复方中药对创伤愈合的作用效果研究,初步筛选出一种促进伤口愈合的中药方剂。试验选取蒲公英、金银花、丹参等12种中草药,依据清热解毒、活血止血等组方原则组成甲、乙、丙3个复方,并制成膏剂。以小白鼠背部皮肤创伤为动物模型,以伤口愈合面积、愈合率、愈合时间、病理变化作为疗效指标,与莫匹罗星软膏（对照组）对照,观察各复方对创伤愈合的作用效果。结果表明,实验组与空白组（不做任何处理）比较,各复方中药能明显提高小白鼠的伤口愈合率（P〈0.05）,复方中药乙组与对照组比较,伤口愈合率无明显差异（P〉0.05）,而显著高于复方中药甲、丙组（P〈0.05）;与空白组比较,实验组和对照组均能促进表皮生成,减少炎性细胞浸润,加速胶原纤维增生和促进瘢痕形成,但复方乙组愈合效果最佳。提示复方乙组与西药疗效近似,其次是丙组,甲组效果最差;筛选出的复方中药乙能减少炎性细胞浸润,加速胶原纤维增生,防止伤口感染,在创伤愈合中疗效显著。     

Comparison of Adhesive Polyurethane Membrane and Polypropylene Sutures for Closure of Skin Incisions in Cats

Paired skin incisions were made on each side of four cats and closed with either interrupted polypropylene sutures or adhesive polyurethane membrane. The healing of these wounds was compared by gross appearance, break strength determination, and histologic examination. The adhesive polyurethane membranes were quicker and easier to apply, producing a more uniform closure than sutures both clinically and histologically. They adhered strongly to the skin, supporting more wound length than sutures for the first 7 days. There were no differences in break strength between closure techniques. Histologically, the wounds closed with adhesive polyurethane membrane were characterized by a milder inflammatory reaction and greater vascular infiltration than sutured wounds, especially early in the healing period.     

Effect of wound location and the use of topical collagen gel on exuberant granulation tissue formation and wound healing in the horse and pony

Preformed collagen gel was topically applied to cutaneous wounds of the equine dorsal fetlock (thoracic limb) and metatarsal regions to evaluate the effect on exuberant granulation tissue production and wound healing. In 6 horses and 3 ponies (less than 140 cm high at the withers and less than 365 kg), 36 standardized cutaneous limb wounds were surgically induced (4 wounds/animal); 18 wounds were treated topically with collagen gel, and 18 wounds were not treated (controls). Collagen gel was initially applied to the wound at 0, 2, or 7 days after wound formation (groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Four measurements were regularly made: amount of wound contraction and the size of the granulation bed, epithelial covering, and total wound. Sequential skin and wound biopsies were evaluated histologically to assess wound healing. Using a computer, data were analyzed for differences in the 4 measurements between treated and control wounds, between fetlock wounds and metatarsal wounds, and among groups 1, 2, and 3. Analyses were performed on days 15 and 45 of wound healing and on the final day of healing. A significant difference (P greater than 0.05) in the production of exuberant granulation tissue, rate of epithelialization, or degree of wound contraction was not detected between the collagen-treated and control wounds. Total healing time and final scar size were similar. Wound healing patterns were significantly different (P less than 0.05) in the fetlock wounds and metatarsal wounds. All wounds enlarged up to day 15 with fetlock wounds enlarging significantly more than did the metatarsal wounds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Effects of a proprietary topical medication on wound healing and collagen deposition in horses

Full-thickness skin wounds were created on the dorsum of both metacarpi in 8 horses. Three topical treatment regimens were studied. All wounds were bandaged with a nonadherent dressing, which was held in place with a snug elastic wrap. Group-A wounds were treated with a proprietary topical wound medication that consisted of a spray and an ointment. Group-B wounds were treated with the same regimen, except the putative active ingredients in the ointment were omitted. Group-C wounds were treated with a dry nonadherent bandage only. Wound dressings were changed every day and the limbs were photographed every other day until the wounds were healed. Specimens of normal skin and biopsy specimens of healed wounds were examined histologically and were assayed for hydroxyproline content. Wound healing measurements quantitated for each wound were number of days to healing, maximal wound size attained, day wound contraction commenced, day epithelium first noticed, rate of wound contraction, final wound size, and fraction of the wound that healed by contraction. The cosmetic appearance of the healed wounds was also graded. Significant differences were not noticed in hydroxyproline content, histologic appearance, or any of the wound healing measurements between treatment groups. The cosmetic appearance of healed group-A and -B wounds was significantly better than the appearance of group-C wounds. The topical treatment regimens studied neither enhanced nor inhibited wound healing in this study.     

An evaluation of methods for the assessment of healing of open wounds in the dog

Acceleration of wound healing and improvement of scarring at skin graft donor sites and trauma or surgical lesions are important clinical goals in human and veterinary medicine. It has been discovered that wounds made on early mouse embryos heal quickly and perfectly, with no scars. The cellular and molecular differences between scar-free embryonic healing and scar-forming adult healing have been investigated. As a result, molecules have been identified which can be experimentally manipulated during adult healing, both to accelerate the process and to improve scarring. Some of these molecules represent pharmaceutical targets to which novel therapeutic agents have been developed. For example, embryonic wounds have high levels of TGFβ3 from endogenous keratinocytes and fibroblasts, but relatively low levels of TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 derived from degranulating platelets and inflammatory cells, by comparison to adult wounds. Therapeutically elevating the level of TGFβ3 allows adult rodent and porcine wounds to heal significantly faster and with improved scarring. These experimental findings have progressed into further studies in humans. A number of clinical trials with novel pharmaceuticals designed to accelerate healing and prevent scarring have been successfully completed, and further large patient-based trials are ongoing. These studies indicate that pharmaceutical treatment of healing wounds to accelerate the process (e.g. accelerated re-epithelialization of graft sites) or improve scarring may soon supplement the current surgical and device approaches to wound management.     

腹腔注射GnIH对雄性小鼠采食、体重和血糖稳态的影响

目的 探究促性腺激素抑制激素（gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone,GnIH）对雄性小鼠采食、体重和血糖稳态的影响。方法 选取体重及日龄相近的雄性小鼠20只,随机分为2组,分别为对照组[腹腔注射生理盐水100 μL/（次·只）]和试验组[腹腔注射20 μg/100 μL GnIH,100 μL/（次·只）],每组10只,每天注射2次,连续注射21 d。观察和记录小鼠的采食情况;对小鼠的体重、空腹血糖、葡萄糖耐量、胰岛素耐量进行测定;利用实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）方法对小鼠胰腺中胰岛素转录因子基因（NeuroD1）、胰岛素基因（Ins）、胰高血糖素基因（Gcg）、胰岛素转录调控因子基因（Pdx1）mRNA相对表达量进行检测。结果 与对照组相比,试验组小鼠平均日增重和平均日采食量极显著（P<0.01）升高;试验组小鼠空腹血糖曲线下面积极显著（P<0.01）增加,葡萄糖耐量的血糖曲线下面积极显著（P<0.01）增加,胰岛素耐量的血糖曲线下面积极显著（P<0.01）增加;试验组小鼠胰腺Gcg基因mRNA相对表达量显著（P<0.05）升高,Ins基因mRNA、Pdx1基因mRNA和NeuroD1基因mRNA相对表达量均显著（P<0.05）下降。结论 慢性腹腔注射GnIH会引起雄性小鼠采食量和体重增加,并引起机体血糖紊乱。     

Do magnetic fields influence soft tissue wound healing?--A preliminary communication

Magnetic fields have been considered for treating many ailments over man's history. There have been many anecdotal unsupported claims for successful treatment of soft tissue injury although reports have been more substantive in the orthopaedic field. The widespread clinical and veterinary use of a light self-adhesive magnetic foil in Europe prompted this trial of experimental wound healing. One hundred and sixty Sprague-Dawley rats had a linear 2.5 cm incision or a circular 1 cm skin defect made over the mid-dorsal spine. Equal numbers were randomised to receive either a magnetic foil or a dummy (control) dressing. At three, seven, 10 or 14 days linear wounds were distracted using a tensiometer; open defects were measured, excised and assayed for collagen content; 14-day wounds were examined histologically. Although wound tensile strengths increased and open wounds decreased in size with increase of hydroxyproline, there were no statistically significant differences between treated or control animals. Although easy to apply the alternate magnetic foil (giving 400 Gauss at 7 mm) conferred no statistically significant effect on soft tissue healing.     

Effects of a bioactive glass on healing of closed skin wounds in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of intraincisional bioactive glass on healing of sutured skin wounds in dogs. ANIMALS: 9 purpose-bred mature female Beagles. PROCEDURE: 3 small matched bilateral (treated vs control) full-thickness truncal skin incisions were made and sutured. Treated wounds received intraincisional particulate bioactive glass prior to closure. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was used to assess percentage change in tissue perfusion 3 and 5 days after incision on 1 set of 2 matched wounds, and skin and subcutaneous tissue-cutaneous trunci breaking strength were assessed at 5 days. The other 2 sets of wounds were used for histologic evaluation at 5 and 21 days, respectively. RESULTS: Subjective signs of gross inflammatory reaction were not detected in treated or control wounds. At 5 days, median subcutaneous tissue-cutaneous trunci breaking strength was significantly higher in treated wounds than in control wounds-(188.75 vs 75.00 g). At 5 days, median scores were significantly higher for neutrophils (1 vs 0), macrophages (2 vs 1), and necrosis (1 vs 0) for treated wounds than for control wounds. At 21 days, median macrophage scores were significantly higher for treated wounds than for control wounds (2 vs 1). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bioactive glass in soft tissues does not cause a gross inflammatory reaction but causes an increase in histologic signs of inflammation, which decreases with time. Bioactive glass has potential for increasing tissue strength. Increased subcutaneous breaking strength could be beneficial in treating wounds in which early healing strength is needed.     

Effects of topical application of taurolidine on second intention healing of experimentally induced wounds in rats

OBJECTIVE: To determine the macroscopic effects of topical application of taurolidine on second intention healing of experimentally induced wounds in rats. ANIMALS: 32 adult Sprague-Dawley female rats. PROCEDURES: In each rat, 2 skin wounds were created in the lumbar area. Groups of 7 rats were assigned to have 1 wound treated topically with hydroxycellulose gel (HDCG), 2% taurolidine in HDCG (T-HDCG), 2% taurolidine-sodium citrate solution, or bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin B ointment; the other wound was not treated. Four control rats (8 untreated wounds) were used. Wounds were monitored for contraction, epithelialization, and complete healing at 4, 8, and 14 days after wound creation. The number of days to complete healing was also recorded for each wound. RESULTS: Compared with other treatments or untreated wounds, wounds treated with T-HDCG had decreased total healing at day 8 and decreased epithelialization and decreased total healing at day 14. Wounds treated with T-HDCG required approximately 3 days longer to completely heal than all other treated and untreated wounds. Application of bacitracinneomycin-polymyxin B ointment did not enhance wound healing. Mean time to complete healing of untreated wounds in all treatment and control groups was 10.00 to 10.14 days. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In rats, topical application of T-HDCG to wounds had a negative effect on second intention healing by delaying the epithelialization process. In mammals, generally, wounds treated topically with taurolidine may need to be treated and monitored for a longer period than other wounds treated with other common woundhealing compounds or untreated wounds.     

Low energy laser irradiation treatment for second intention wound healing in horses

Low energy helium-neon laser irradiation was administered to full thickness skin wounds (3 cm × 3 cm) on the dorsal surface of the metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joints and cranial surface of the tarsocrural joints of eight horses. The effects on wound healing were analyzed statistically. There were no differences (p > 0.55) observed in the rate of wound healing between the low energy laser irradiated wounds and the control wounds. There was a significant difference (p < 0.006) observed in the rate of healing between the anatomical sites. Tarsal wounds healed more rapidly than fetlock wounds.