隆林黑山羊肺炎病原的分离鉴定

为了调查隆林黑山羊肺炎的病原,取肺炎病死羊的胸腔积液和肺组织分别接种改良Hayflick支原体液体和固体培养基进行病原分离与纯化、形态学观察、生长抑制和PCR扩增及测序鉴定,并对分离病原株进行药物敏感试验。结果显示:隆林黑山羊肺炎的病原为丝状支原体山羊亚种。药物敏感试验表明其对壮观霉素、阿奇霉素、卡那霉素、强力霉素和林可霉素高度敏感。     

互助藏羊肺炎病原绵羊肺炎支原体的PCR检测与分析

青海省互助某羊场藏系绵羊发生肺炎疾病,为了快速准确诊断藏羊肺炎发病的致病病原微生物,及时防控和治疗,采集病死绵羊肺样品,利用PCR分子生物学方法进行鉴定与生物信息学分析。经过分子鉴定,此羊场引发肺病的病原是绵羊肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, MO);测序结果显示样品中鉴定的为同一株病原,鉴定的菌株的16S rRNA基因与参考序列EU265779的同源性达到99.86%。同时遗传进化树显示,鉴定的菌株与GenBank中的绵羊肺炎支原体聚成一大支,其关系最近,在进化角度证实此次鉴定的确实为绵羊肺炎支原体。结果表明,此羊场引发肺炎疾病的病原是绵羊肺炎支原体,提示要对羊群进行相关的病原学研究和流行病学调查,为针对性地对细菌性病原进行对症治疗提供参考。     

重庆市某肉牛场牛支原体肺炎的诊断

重庆市某肉牛场新进育肥牛群发生以呼吸系统感染为主的传染性疾病,为确诊病因,对表现明显临床症状的病牛进行迫杀,无菌采集肺脏、肝脏、血液和心肌进行病原分离,共分离到4株菌,分别编号为CQ1、CQ2、CQ3、CQ4.经16S rRNA序列比对,CQ1与牛支原体同源性达99.9％,CQ2与羊创伤球菌同源性达99.8％,CQ3、CQ4分别与大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌同源性达99％.通过培养特性、菌落形态观察、牛支原体特异性引物PCR扩增,确定CQ1为牛支原体;药物敏感性试验和动物试验表明,该分离株对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、四环素、壮观霉素敏感,不致死小白鼠.按牛支原体肺炎临床用药后,疫情很快得到控制,结合实验室检测结果,确认该场爆发的是以牛支原体感染为主的牛支原体肺炎.     

山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验

为确定目前重庆地区山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病原流行株的血清型并针对这种血清型筛选出敏感药物用于临床治疗。分离鉴定按照F redndt等介绍的经典方法进行;药敏试验按照戴自英的药物纸片琼脂扩散法进行。分离出的流行株血清型经鉴定为丝状支原体山羊亚种(m ycop lasm a m yco ides subsp,C apri.),通过体外抑菌试验结果表明其对6种药物高度敏感,5种中度敏感,14种不敏感。结果表明,对于目前重庆地区流行的山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病,在临床上可用常见抗生素防治。     

山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种甘肃株的分离及鉴定

2007年甘肃某地羊场山羊发生以呼吸困难、咳嗽和胸膜肺炎为特征的呼吸道传染病,经临床诊断为羊支原体性肺炎.用改良的Thiaucourt's培养基对病山羊的肺组织进行病原分离,成功分离到1株支原体M1601,经菌落形态观察、生化试验、PCR鉴定、以16S rRNA基因序列构建的分子进化树分析和动物致病性试验,证明该分离株属于山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种.     

山羊支原体性肺炎流行病学调查

山羊支原体性肺炎是威胁山羊养殖的重要传染病,为了解其流行情况,对四川省主要山羊养殖地区的山羊支原体性肺炎进行了流行病学调查。从四川省7个地区山羊养殖场采集肺脏和鼻腔棉拭子样本共135份,经过分离鉴定得到42株支原体,其中绵羊肺炎支原体36株,丝状支原体6株;其中6个羊场仅分离到绵羊肺炎支原体,1个羊场同时分离到绵羊肺炎支原体和丝状支原体。本试验结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体是引起四川省山羊支原体性肺炎的主要病原,个别地方存在绵羊肺炎支原体和丝状支原体混合感染。     

一例羊肺炎支原体的分离鉴定与药敏试验分析

本研究旨在对疑似患病羊群分离培养肺炎支原体，并研制中药喷雾剂探究其对羊肺炎支原体的作用。对临沂某羊场提供的病料进行肺炎支原体分离培养，通过形态学观察及生化试验进行鉴定。利用传统药方清肺通络方和麻杏石甘汤进行辨证加减，水提醇沉法制作中药喷雾剂，并做药敏试验和临床动物药效试验。所制中药喷雾剂符合喷雾剂的质量标准，药敏试验抑制肺炎支原体效果与抗生素相当，感染羊群症状得到改善。研制的中药喷雾剂，取材低廉，工艺简便，对于控制羊肺炎支原体的感染具有一定效果。     

绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的双重PCR检测方法,本试验分别设计了绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的特异性引物,优化反应条件后对其特异性和敏感性进行评价,并对40份鼻拭子进行了检测。结果显示,该方法能同时扩增出绵羊肺炎支原体545 bp和精氨酸支原体806 bp的特异性片段,而对其他病原的DNA扩增均为阴性。该双重PCR方法对绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的最低检测限分别为100和10 pg/μL。40份鼻拭子检测结果显示,双重PCR检测方法与分离培养法符合率高达92.5%,均能鉴定出绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体。结果表明,本研究建立的双重PCR方法可用于绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的临床快速诊断。     

甘肃地区绵羊支原体病原菌的分离培养

在甘肃省5个地区采集了100份绵羊血清样本,并对100份样品进行了血清学及病原菌分离培养试验。血清学检测初步鉴定为14份阳性,其中11份来自于同一地区。然后对两例疑似患病羊做病原分离鉴定以及微生物学诊断和PCR鉴定,并对病原菌进行革兰氏染色。本研究成功地从病羊身体中分离出细小、纤细的呈球形、双球形、线状、螺旋状、半月状和短杆状等形态的绵羊肺炎支原体。     

绵羊肺炎支原体的分离与鉴定

绵羊肺炎支原体是一种引起羊传染性胸膜肺炎的病原微生物,它不仅能感染绵羊同时也可感染山羊,发病率和死亡率较高,易给养羊业造成较大损失。近年来,内蒙古境内羊传染性胸膜肺炎也多有发生,为了查明病原,分别在内蒙古一些发病地区采取病料,经分离得到了疑似绵羊支原体菌株7株。对该病原微生物的分离培养、形态学特征、理化特性等进行了阐述,以期为该病的快速诊断及防治提供参考。     

Experimental studies on the pathogenicity of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini for the respiratory tract of goats.

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini were the species of Mollicutes most commonly isolated from 175 goats with respiratory disease in Ontario. The pathogenicity of M. ovipneumoniae, strain B321B and M. arginini, strain D53e, was assessed in goats following endobronchial inoculation. One out of three two year old goats developed fever after inoculation with a pure culture of strain B321B, and it had extensive subacute fibrinous pleuritis when necropsied three weeks later. Neither of the remaining goats had lesions in the respiratory tract. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was recovered from one of the animals four days after inoculation, but not at necropsy from any of the goats, at which time a marked humoral immune response with growth inhibiting antibodies was detected. In a second experiment three four to five week old goats were inoculated with the same strain and three other goats were given placebo treatment. One experimental goat developed fever and coughing, and it had extensive subacute fibrinous pleuritis in the right side and pneumonia. Another goat had focal pneumonia in the left diaphragmatic lobe. Microscopically there was subacute hyperplastic suppurative bronchiolitis, atelectasis and nonsuppurative alveolitis. The infected animals did not clear the mycoplasma and not all of them produced antibodies. Mycoplasma arginini, strain D53e, did not induce lesions in any of four goat kids within 14 days after inoculation but did cause transient elevations in rectal temperature, circulating monocytes, circulating neutrophils and blood fibrinogen. Mycoplasma arginini was infective and immunogenic for all inoculated animals and showed a particular affinity for the tonsil. Thus, this study provides the first evidence that M. ovipneumoniae is pathogenic for goats causing pneumonia and pleuritis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

A novel medium devoid of ruminant peptone for high yield growth of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is considered an emerging veterinary pathogen causing pneumonia in sheep and goats worldwide. Currently it has not been possible to define a growth medium that yields the maximum growth of M. ovipneumoniae within a short incubation period. Growth yields of M. ovipneumoniae in Eaton's medium are variable and not as consistently high as those seen with other Mycoplasma spp. This study investigated the ability of different M. ovipneumoniae field strains to grow in various media formulations, where PPLO broth was replaced by a vegetable protein source, and comparisons were made in terms of strain viability in Eaton's medium. Studies were also conducted to determine the optimal carbohydrate source for use in the M. ovipneumoniae medium. Generally, it was found that different strains showed good growth in all media tested, with growth yields at 24h in TSB-1 medium higher than those observed with Eaton's medium. Growth yields reached 10(8) to 10(9)cfu ml(-1) within 24h for particular field strains, with all strains achieving this growth level within 48-72h.     

An Investigation of Ovine Pneumonia in Four Herds from Central Norway: I. Prevalence of Pneumonia and Microbiological Findings

In a study of 4 sheep herds, 1 apparently healthy and 3 having respiratory problems, lesions typical of subacute or chronic pneumonia were found in 3–36 % of slaughtered lambs. Occurrence appeared to be related to certain environmental factors such as pasture, whereas moderate lungworm invasion was not found to contribute to subacute or chronic pneumonia. Relation between pneumonia and low carcass weight was established only in 1 herd.Lungs were subjected to microbiological examination. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was isolated from both normal and pneumonic lungs from all 4 herds. The prevalence was far higher in pneumonic (98 %) than in normal ones (28 %). Bacteria, mostly Pasteurella haemolytica, were also found in both pneumonic (49 %) and normal (18 %) lungs from all 4 herds. These results confirm the conclusions of a previous study that M. ovipneumoniae is of etiological significance in subacute or chronic pneumonia, whereas bacteria mainly occur as secondary invaders. M. ovipneumoniae appears, however, only to be a potential pathogen. Examinations for Mycoplasma arginini and virus were negative and these agents are considered to be of less significance in subacute or chronic pneumonia under Norwegian conditions.     

山羊中绵羊肺炎支原体的分离及鉴定

从四川省乐至县发生胸膜肺炎性传染病的山羊群中采集12个鼻拭子及4个肺组织病料,进行病原分离培养和特异性PCR检测。结果从9个鼻拭子和4个肺组织中分离到支原体,经鉴定均为绵羊肺炎支原体,未发现丝状支原体簇成员及多杀性巴氏杆菌和溶血性曼氏杆菌。结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体是引起该山羊群发生胸膜肺炎的病原,同时说明绵羊肺炎支原体也是山羊支原体性肺炎的重要病原之一。     

Comparison of virulence of ovine respiratory mycoplasmas in the mouse mammary gland

The virulence of isolates of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and M. arginini from pneumonic and unaffected ovine lungs was compared in a mouse mammary gland model. The isolates varied in their ability to induce a neutrophilic response in the mammary gland. A moderate to severe form of mastitis was induced by 3 M. ovipneumoniae isolates recovered from pneumonic lungs, while the remaining M. ovipneumoniae isolates from pneumonic lungs and those from unaffected lungs induced a very mild histopathological response. The severity of the mastitis could not be increased by the simultaneous inoculation of a mixture of 5 mycoplasma isolates. Mycoplasma arginini isolates induced only a very mild histopathological response despite having been isolated from pneumonic lungs. The finding that the 3 most virulent M. ovipneumoniae isolates were initially recovered from pneumonic ovine lungs suggested that these virulent isolates may contribute to ovine pneumonia. However, the isolation of M. ovipneumoniae from pneumonic ovine lungs does not necessarily imply that these organisms are the causal agents, since M. ovipneumoniae isolates may vary in virulence.     

绵羊肺炎支原体分离株交叉反应性的测定

绵羊肺炎支原体分离株致敏经过鞣酸和戊二醛处理的绵羊红细胞,制备成试验用抗原,与通过攻毒取得的几种血清进行间接血凝试验来检测其交叉反应性。通过检测,绵羊肺炎支原体分离株同无乳支原体、巴氏杆菌等几种可以引起肺炎症状的菌种无交叉反应性。     

D型多杀性巴氏杆菌和绵羊肺炎支原体引起山羊的混合感染

2018年9月广西某羊场部分山羊发生流涕、咳嗽、呼吸困难和体温升高等临床症状的疾病,为确诊发病原因并提供治疗方案,采用病原分离培养、PCR扩增鉴定的方法进行诊断,并对分离菌进行生化鉴定、致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,病料在血平板有圆形的小菌落生长,革兰阴性小球短杆菌,而在PPLO培养基上不生长;病料的PCR扩增结果显示绵羊肺炎支原体和多杀性巴氏杆菌均为阳性;所分离到的病原菌经生化鉴定,该菌符合多杀性巴氏杆菌的特性;用多杀性巴氏杆菌种属和D型多杀性巴氏杆菌特异性引物扩增为阳性;致病性试验显示该菌对小鼠有很强的致病性;药敏试验显示该菌对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星高度敏感,对复方新诺明、强力霉素、红霉素、青霉素为耐药。结果表明该病是由绵羊肺炎支原体和D型多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染引起。     

Chronic non-progressive pneumonia of sheep in New Zealand - a review of the role of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

Chronic non-progressive pneumonia (CNP) is a common disease which affects lambs in New Zealand during late summer and autumn. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae can be recovered from a high proportion of lesions but it is also present in some normal lungs. Bacteria, especially Pasteurella haemolytica, can also be recovered from more than half the lungs of affected animals. Isolates of M. ovipneumoniae are genetically heterogeneous, as demonstrated by examination of their DNA or total cellular proteins, and are serologically heterogeneous as shown by metabolic inhibition tests. The number of strains present in New Zealand is large and several distinguishable strains can be recovered from each affected lung. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has pathogenic potential as indicated by its ability to produce hydrogen peroxide, cause ciliostasis and by its possession of a capsule. Chronic non-progressive pneumonia can be transmitted consistently to over 50% of lambs by inoculation of pooled pneumonic lung homogenate and transmission can be suppressed by broad spectrum antibiotics. In contrast, penicillin does not prevent the development of lesions but diminishes their severity. Pooled lung homogenate treated with digitonin, which inactivates mycoplasmas, has failed to transmit CNP. Pure cultures of M. ovipneumoniae produce only mild lesions in some animals, whereas inoculation with pooled lung homogenate (from which no viruses were isolated) containing mixed strains of M. ovipneumoniae and free from bacteria, is more effective in producing lesions. Research work to date suggests that CNP may be initiated by colonisation of the lung by M. ovipneumoniae which causes ciliostasis and elicits an exudate allowing colonisation of the lungs by bacteria especially M. haemolytica and by other strains of M. ovipneumoniae. The immune response to the initial strain of M. ovipneumoniae may inhibit its replication but would be less effective in inhibiting heterologous strains of the organism allowing their sequential replication. Eventually production of a broad immune response to M. ovipneumoniae would lead to its elimination which in turn would facilitate the elimination of other microorganisms and the resolution of lesions. As natural immunity to CNP occurs within the first year, it may be possible to develop an effective and useful vaccine. Such a vaccine may need to include multiple strains of M. ovipneumoniae.