共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 84 毫秒
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类胡萝卜素的营养学研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
类胡萝卜素不仅是维生素A的前体,还是一种天然的着色剂和抗氧化剂,具有免疫调节和抗癌作用,近年来还发现类胡萝卜素对畜牧生产有重要意义。但关于畜禽类胡萝卜素的吸收机制尚存在认识上分歧,而且类胡萝卜在动物体内的吸收受到各种因素的影响。本文对类胡萝卜素的营养学研究进展一概要综述。 相似文献
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胆盐和游离脂肪酸影响离体小肠细胞类胡萝卜素吸收的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用黄鸡小肠细胞进行了 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素的体外吸收试验 ,研究类胡萝卜素浓度、胆盐和游离脂肪酸对这两种类胡萝卜素吸收的影响。结果发现 :β-胡萝卜素和黄体素的吸收均呈浓度依赖性 ;牛磺胆酸钠极显著促进黄鸡离体小肠细胞类胡萝卜素的吸收(P<0.01) ,其促进 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素吸收的最佳浓度分别为3mM和10mM ;游离脂肪酸极显著促进了类胡萝卜素的吸收(P<0.01) ,其中油酸对类胡萝卜素的促吸收作用大于硬脂酸 ,促进 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素吸收的最佳油酸/硬脂酸比率分别为100 :0和3 :1。牛磺胆酸钠和游离脂肪酸影响 β-胡萝卜素吸收的动态变化模式与它们对黄体素的显著不同 相似文献
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利用体外法研究了浓度、温度、吐温20(Tween20,下同)、根皮素对鸡离体小肠细胞对黄体素和一切萝卜素吸收的影响。结果表明:黄体素和胡萝卜素的吸收呈浓度依赖性,培养温度对两者吸收无影响(P>0.05)。蛋鸡离体小肠细胞对两者的吸收方式可能为被动扩散;Tween20抑制了两种类胡萝卜素的吸收,其中对黄体素抑制作用较大;根皮素促进黄体素的吸收而抑制胡萝卜素的吸收。另外对蛋黄中色素分析发现其中主要沉积叶黄素。 相似文献
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天然抗菌肽具有较强的杀菌能力,但其较高的细胞毒性会使肽的细胞选择性降低。为了提高抗菌肽的选择特异性,本研究拟探讨不同疏水性氨基酸对α-螺旋抗菌肽生物学活性的影响及其抑菌机制。笔者采用α-螺旋肽GRX_2RX_3RX_2RG作为模板,分别以疏水性氨基酸色氨酸(Try,W)、苯丙氨酸(Phe,F)、缬氨酸(Val,V)、丙氨酸(Ala,A)、亮氨酸(Leu,L)和异亮氨酸(Ile,I)来替换X位置,得到了一系列富含疏水氨基酸的肽GW、GF、GV、GI、GA和GL。本研究检测了抗菌肽的二级结构、溶血活性、抑菌活性、盐离子活性,并对其抑菌的作用机制进行了研究。结果表明:通过CD光谱试验检测出GF、GI、GA和GL在细胞膜模拟环境中均表现出典型的α螺旋结构,而GV只在TFE中呈现α螺旋结构;溶血试验结果表明,GV和GA在浓度为128μmol·L-1未表现出溶血活性,而其他肽均表现出较高的溶血活性;抑菌试验发现GV的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)的几何平均值为3.7μmol·L-1,并具有最高的治疗指数(TI);盐离子稳定性试验表明,在NH_4^+、Zn2+和Fe3+中GV对大肠杆菌25922(E.coli ATCC 25922)的抑菌能力较稳定。进一步通过扫描电镜和内膜通透性试验对抗菌肽GV的抑菌机制进行分析,结果观察到GV能够通过穿透E.coli ATCC 25922和金黄色葡萄球菌29213(S.aureus ATCC 29213)促使细胞内容物流出而导致细菌死亡,以及通过时间和剂量依赖的方式穿透细菌内膜。综合以上结果,富含Val的GV具有较高的细胞选择性和成为高效抗菌药物的发展潜力。 相似文献
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铬是动物机体必需微量元素之一,它可作为葡萄糖耐受因子的组成成分,协助胰岛素发挥生理功能。本文主要综述铬的理化特性、吸收、排泄和代谢。 相似文献
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为探讨饲料中添加砷制剂对小鼠铁吸收的影响,45只小鼠被随机分为3组,各组在基础日粮中分别添加0,40,80mg/kg砷(以洛克沙胂形式),试验期30d。试验结束后,收取各组粪便和组织器官测定铁含量。结果显示,与对照组相比,40mg/kg砷组铁表观吸收率提高14.57%,80mg/kg砷组铁表观吸收率则降低了14.93%;40mg/kg砷组小鼠肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、小肠和腿肌铁含量显著升高(P〈O.05),80mg/kg砷组则显著降低(P〈O.05);但两组分别于停砷后5,7d,组织器官铁恢复正常水平。这表明40mg/kg砷水平可促进铁的吸收,相反80mg/kg砷水平则抑制铁的吸收。 相似文献
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Nix BE Leib MS Zajac A Zarakas K 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1993,22(1):10-16
Nine combinations of dosages and concentrations of D-xylose were given orally to eight clinically normal, immature dogs. The concentrations and dosages of D-xylose consisted of 5%, 10%, and 20% at 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg. Serum samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes. Serum xylose was quantitated using the phloroglucinol microassay technique. A peak in serum xylose concentration was seen for each treatment combination at 60 or 90 minutes after dosing. The dosage effect was important in influencing serum xylose values (P < 0.0001). As the test solution dosages increased from 250 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg, serum xylose values (when dosage was analyzed over the length of the entire test) rose linearly (R(2) = 0.98). The treatment combinations of 5% and 20% xylose solutions dosed at 750 mg/kg produced the highest serum xylose values at the 60- and 90-minute peak intervals. The independent effect of concentration was significant (p < 0.001) but was overridden by the stronger dosage effect. Serum xylose concentrations varied little statistically (p > 0.05) when the 5%, 10%, and 20% solutions were compared at a specific dosage. 相似文献
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洛美沙星(Lomefloxacin)透皮吸收搽剂中氮酮的最佳浓度 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
应用洛美沙星搽剂作为模型药物,采用离体鼠皮,研究了氮酮(Azone)在0%,1%,3%,5%,7%浓度时对洛美沙星透皮吸收的影响。试验结果表明,氮酮在洛美沙星透皮吸收搽剂中最佳浓度为4.01%。 相似文献
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Vladimíra Oceov Remigius Chizzola Giovanna Battelli Jana Pisarcikova Stefan Faix Francesco Gai Iveta Placha 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(1):204-209
Plant compounds occurring in phytogenic feed additives are involved in different pharmacological activities in the animal organism. Since the digestive tract acts as a first line of defence against foreign compounds, it is necessary to outline its response to dietary supplementation with bioactive plant components. Little information is available on the bioactivity of thymol as the main bioactive compound of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO). The main objective of the present study was to provide a detailed view of the concentrations of thymol in plasma and the content of individual intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon) of broiler chickens after 4 weeks of dietary supplementation with different TEO concentrations. 32 one‐day old Ross 308 hybrid broilers were randomly divided into four dietary treatment groups (0.00%, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% w/w of TEO in the diet). Thymol concentrations in the duodenal chyme presented around 7% on average from the thymol amount administered in the feed. A significantly increased thymol amount was observed after 0.1% TEO addition to the diet compared with 0.01% TEO enrichment in the duodenal wall and gut content of jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon (p < 0.05). Thymol levels in the colon were significantly higher than in the ileum and about 1.7 times higher on average than those in the caecum. Significant coefficient of correlation was observed between thymol concentrations in plasma and feed, gut content of all intestinal segments as well as duodenal wall. Our results point to intensive thymol absorption in the initial sections of the digestive tract. In the current study, the role of intestine in biotransformation of thymol was observed, and it would be desirable to investigate whether thymol itself or thymol metabolites are responsible for beneficial effects in intestine. 相似文献