密度和氮素与甘蓝型黄籽油菜主要品质的关系

以8个不同来源的甘蓝型黄籽油菜基因型为材料,研究了不同密度和氮素水平下粒色及其他主要品质性状的变化。结果发现,施氮可使甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度明显提高,但同时种子含油量有下降趋势;施氮后多数基因型的胚蛋白质含量均有不同程度的增加;密度对黄籽油菜粒色、种子含油量的影响因基因型而异;密度对胚蛋白质含量有负效应,即密度加大,胚蛋白质含量有降低趋势。     

密度和氮素与甘蓝型黄籽油菜主要品质的关系

以8个不同来源的甘蓝型黄籽油菜基因型为材料,研究了不同密度和氮素水平下粒色及其他主要品质性状的变化.结果发现,施氮可使甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度明显提高,但同时种子含油量有下降趋势;施氮后多数基因型的胚蛋白质含量均有不同程度的增加;密度对黄籽油菜粒色、种子含油量的影响因基因型而异;密度对胚蛋白质含量有负效应,即密度加大,胚蛋白质含量有降低趋势.     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜主要品质性状间的相关性分析

 【研究目的】为探讨不同田间环境条件下,同一甘蓝型黄籽油菜基因型各品质性状之间的相关关系,【方法】以甘蓝型黄籽油菜基因型GH01为材料,研究了由播期与密度形成的9种田间环境条件下粒色及其它主要品质性状间的相关性。【结果】结果表明：黄籽度与胚含油量、种子含油量间呈明显的负相关关系（相关系数分别为r=-0.6617和r=-0.7458*）,胚含油量与胚蛋白质含量、种子含油量之间仍保持着极其显著的负相关和正相关关系（相关系数分别为r=-0.9071**和r=0.8973**）。【结论】甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度、种子含油量之间的相关关系随供试基因型的不同而发生变化,但另一些品质性状（含油量、蛋白质含量）间的相关关系并不因供试基因型间的差异而改变。     

几种化学药剂对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色及其它主要品质性状的影响

在盛花期和青荚期各用不同的化学药剂对甘蓝型黄籽油菜进行处理，通过测定其主要品质指标的变化，研究了各种供试药剂对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色等主要品质性状的影响。结果发现，增克素、乙烯利、赤霉素、萘乙酸等植物外源活性物质可促进种皮色素的合成，从而使黄籽油菜种皮颜色加深；这些化学药剂可不同程度地提高种子含油量，打破了蛋白质含量和舍油量之间的负相关关系，可使二者含量之和显著提高。     

播期和密度对甘蓝型黄籽油菜主要品质的影响

研究了播期、密度对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色及其他主要品质性状的影响.结果表明,播期与黄籽油菜粒色变化关系密切,随着播期的推迟,甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度先升高后降低.正常播期范围内,早播有利于提高种子含油量.随播期的推迟,甘蓝型黄籽油菜的胚蛋白质含量却呈上升趋势.随着种植密度的加大,甘蓝型黄籽油菜皮壳率逐渐增加而皮壳含油量和皮壳纤维素含量则呈降低的趋势.     

播期和密度对甘蓝型黄籽油菜主要品质的影响

研究了播期、密度对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色及其他主要品质性状的影响。结果表明,播期与黄籽油菜粒色变化关系密切,随着播期的推迟,甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度先升高后降低。正常播期范围内,早播有利于提高种子含油量”随播期的推迟,甘蓝型黄籽油菜的胚蛋白质含量却呈上升趋势。随着种植密度的加大,甘蓝型黄籽油菜皮壳率逐渐增加而皮壳舍油量和皮壳纤维素含量则呈降低的趋势。     

甘蓝型油菜粒色与含油量的研究

采用传统方法对甘蓝型油菜种皮色泽进行粒色分级,测定其皮壳率、籽粒含油量、皮壳含油量、胚含油量,并进行相关性分析,以籽粒含油量为目标性状进行通径分析。结果表明:甘蓝型油菜粒色与籽粒含油量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.8519**),与皮壳率呈极显著正相关(r=0.9208**);粒色与籽粒含油量的直接通径系数为-0.71169。甘蓝型黄籽油菜含油量明显高于黑籽油菜的含油量;皮壳率对含油量具有显著的影响。     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜研究进展

介绍了甘蓝型黄籽油菜的特点、粒色遗传和生理生化研究进展。总结了6种主要的甘蓝型黄籽油菜选育途径。综述了甘蓝型黄籽油菜的分子生物学研究最新进展，包括黄籽性状的分子标记、分子标记辅助选择和比较基因组学研究等。最后对甘蓝型黄籽油菜的研究提出展望。     

地理位置与甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色关系的研究

供试材料甘蓝型黄籽油菜杂交种"渝黄1号"分别种植在7个不同经纬度的生态点,研究了地理位置对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色的影响.结果表明,纬度与甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色的变化有一定关系,随着纬度的升高,甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度逐渐增加,粒色变淡,表明高纬度可能不利于种皮色素的形成.     

地理位置与甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色关系的研究

供试材料甘蓝型黄籽油菜杂交种“渝黄1号”分别种植在7个不同经纬度的生态点,研究了地理位置对甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色的影响。结果表明,纬度与甘蓝型黄籽油菜粒色的变化有一定关系,随着纬度的升高,甘蓝型黄籽油菜黄籽度逐渐增加,粒色变淡,表明高纬度可能不利于种皮色素的形成。     

油菜“渝黄一号”超稀植肥料运筹及栽期试验研究

采用裂区试验设计,研究了肥料运筹和栽期对甘蓝型黄籽杂交油菜新品种"渝黄一号"超稀植产量及其有效性状的影响,寻找出产量4 157.1 kg/hm2(B2A2)和3 653.6 kg/hm2,加黄籽率93.2%(A1B2)的肥料运筹和栽期的最佳方案.10月12日栽(B2), A2的肥料运筹是N肥基∶追∶薹为5∶3∶2、PK基施;A1的肥料运筹是N肥基∶追∶腊:薹为5∶3∶1∶1,P肥基∶追∶腊为5∶4∶1,K肥追∶腊∶薹为3∶2∶5.     

Physiological Differences Between Yellow-Seeded and Black-Seeded Rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) with Different Testa Characteristics During Artificial Ageing

Yellow-seeded rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a new kind of breeding resources with yellow color, increased oil and protein content and less unwanted crude fiber content due to the thinner and transparent testa compared with traditional black or brown-seeded rapeseed. To analyze the longevity of the yellow-seeded rapeseed during storage, the physiological differences between the yellow and black-seeded near-isogenic lines were studied by artificial ageing method. The testa rate, anthocyanin content and melanin content of yellow-seeded rapeseeds decreased by 20.1, 25.2, and 80.4% respectively than black-seeded rapeseed. During artificial ageing, the yellow-seeded rapeseed showed significantly different effect of ageing compared with the black-seeded, as demonstrated by faster deterioration with lower germination percentage, seed vigour index, reducing sugar and soluble protein contents than the black-seeded, as well as a drastic increase in electrical conductivity, malnodialdehyde (MDA) content and a rapid decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT)and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results suggested that the transparent testa of the yellow-seeded rapeseed lost some abilities to protect the embryo against adverse environmental conditions and thus led to a poor storability.     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜性状组间的典型相关分析

以7个不同遗传来源的甘蓝型黄籽品系所配制的完全双列杂交作样本．对甘蓝型黄籽油菜进行典型相关分析。结果表明,在性状组间关联上起主要作用的是株型性状中的株高、产量性状中的单株粒重、品质性状中的皮壳率和黄籽度。用多目标综合选择指数．讨论了甘蓝型黄籽油菜的选择问题。     

不同施氮量对甘蓝型黄籽杂交油菜品质性状与植株性状相关性的影响

[目的]研究不同施氮量下优质甘蓝型黄籽杂交油菜品质性状与植株性状相关性。[方法]以油研9号1、0号为试材,采用2因素随机区组试验设计,施纯氮量设6种处理(07、51、502、253、003、75 kg/hm2),油菜收获时考查与分析样品的经济性状和品质性状。[结果]除角粒数、千粒重2个经济性状外,杂交油菜的含油率、硫甙、饼粕蛋白质、亚油酸与株高、根颈粗、有效分枝部位高、单株一次和二次有效分枝数、单株有效角果数、单株产量和干物重呈负相关,与主序长呈正相关;芥酸、种子蛋白质、油酸、亚麻酸、花生烯酸则与上述经济性状呈正相关,与主序长呈负相关;不同的品种、不同性状间相关的显著性有不同。[结论]氮肥在对杂交油菜品质性状产生影响的同时也对植株性状产生影响。     

AMMI模型分析油菜不同基因型黄籽度的稳定性

将AMMI模型应用于甘蓝型黄籽油菜8个基因型的黄籽度稳定性研究,结果表明：该模型可应用于非区试资料品质性状的稳定性分析,且优于传统的回归模型分析法;利用对应分析图可以直观评价各基因型的稳定性和适应环境;品质差(黄籽度低)的基因型稳定性相对较好,而品质好(黄籽度高)的基因型稳定性相对较差。     

Heterosis for Seed Yield,Oil Content and Other Characters in Rapeseed （Brassica napus L.）

Nine inbred lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) used as male were crossed to five recessive genetic male sterile (RGMS) lines used as female to produce 45 single crosses. The crosses, their parents and a check hybrid were tested at two locations during 2007 to 2008 for testing the performance and heterosis of hybrids for seed yield and other characters. Results showed that variations for seed yield, oil content, days to flowering and days to maturity were significant. Mean squares for hybrids were significant for all characters. High heterosis (–4.5%-88.3%), heterobeltiosis (–15.6%-81.1%) and standard heterosis (–34.8%-33.1%) were found for the seed yield. The highest heterosis and heterobeltiosis were found in the cross QH303-4A×1190. The highest standard heterosis was found in the cross Qianyou8A×Q034. Both positive and negative heterosis of single crosses were detected for the oil content. Small heterosis was found for days to flowering and days to maturity. Among parents, Ⅲ188, Ⅲ224, and Q034 were proved to be the superior for seed yield when used as parents in most of the hybrid combinations. 2365, Ⅲ224, and QH303-4AB were good for high oil content breeding. Ⅲ176, 2313 and Qianyou3AB were good for the early hybrid breeding. Total 11 hybrids yielded higher than 2 500 kg·hm -2 and also gave significantly positive heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis. Among them, 10 crosses gave higher oil content than that of check. These crosses can be used in the future breeding program for the seed yield and the oil content. Two crosses including Qianyou3A ×Ⅲ224 and Qianyou3A×2313 can be used for the early breeding program.     

我国甘蓝型黄籽油菜育种研究进展

甘蓝型（Ｂ．ｎａｐｕｓ）黄籽油菜育种工作,在我国已进行了２０多年。育种实践表明,其黄籽色泽遗传复杂,籽粒呈“杂黄”色,长期自交不能纯化,并不断分离出黑籽。已培育出的 黄籽品种,尚不能完全适应生产的需要。黄籽育种必须与优质育种、杂交育种、生物技术相结合,才能适应育种科技发展的需要。     

甘蓝型油菜黄籽育种研究进展

综述了油菜种皮颜色的形成、种皮色泽的遗传、黄籽性状的分子标记和黄籽甘蓝型油菜选育等方面的研究进展.提出采用新的方法创造黄籽种质资源,同时加强油菜种皮色泽形成的生物合成途径的研究和分子生物学研究,把芥菜型油菜等的黄籽基因转入到农业性状伏良的甘蓝型油菜中,从而获得黄籽性状能稳定遗传的甘蓝型油菜新品种.