共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 697 毫秒
1.
Lee BB Cha MR Kim SY Park E Park HR Lee SC 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(2):79-84
Organic solvent (methanol, ethanol, and acetone) extracts and water extracts of cherry (Prunus serrulata var. spontanea) blossoms were prepared, and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated. Methanolic CBE (100 μg/ml) showed the
highest total phenol content (104.30 μM), radical scavenging activity (34.2%), and reducing power (0.391). The effect of CBE
on DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human leukocytes was evaluated by Comet assay. All CBE was a potent dose dependent inhibitor of DNA damage induced by
200 μM of H2O2, methanolic CBE showed the most strong inhibition activity. The methanolic CBE of 500 μg/ml showed 38.8% inhibition against
growth of human colon cancer cell line HT-29. These results indicated that cherry blossoms could provide valuable bioactive
materials. 相似文献
2.
Mario Sanz-Penella J Laparra JM Sanz Y Haros M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):50-56
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the bread supplemented with whole amaranth flour (0, 20 and
40%) on iron bioavailability using Caco-2 cells model. The phytate and lower myo-inositol phosphates content in in vitro bread digests were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. The breads made with amaranth showed significant increase
of soluble phytates levels (up to 1.20 μmol/g in dry matter for the 40% of substitution) in comparison with controls, which have not detectable values. A negative
correlation among phytate and Fe availability was found when increased levels of amaranth. Ferritin concentration was found
2.7- and 2.0-fold higher (P < 0.05) in cultures exposed to 20% and 40% of amaranth formulated bread samples, respectively, compared to control bread.
The soluble phytate/Fe molar ratio explained the whole amaranth flour-mediated inhibitory effect associated to the limitation
of available Fe; however, the use up to 20% of amaranth in bread formulation appears as a promising strategy to improve the
nutritional value of bread, as indicated by the ferritin concentrations quantified in cell cultures. Higher proportion of
amaranth flour increased Fe concentration although there was not detected any increase in Fe uptake. 相似文献
3.
Cesonienė L Daubaras R Jasutienė I Venclovienė J Miliauskienė I 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(3):238-244
Benzoic acid, total anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and colour properties in juice of the American cranberry
Vaccinium macrocarpon and the European cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos were investigated. Berry juices of V. macrocarpon cultivars were distinguished by their higher total anthocyanin and benzoic acid amounts. These cultivars accumulated on average
43.11 mg/l of benzoic acid and 92.45 mg/l of total anthocyanins. The levels of benzoic acid and total anthocyanins in V. oxycoccos cultivars were 17.52 mg/l and 42.54 mg/l, respectively. The V. macrocarpon cultivars ‘Franklin’, ‘Le Munyon’, ‘Searles’, and ‘Early Richard’ were selected as the best according to the enhanced total
anthocyanins and benzoic acid amounts. The separation of anthocyanins by HPLC-UV-VIS revealed the presence of six anthocyanins,
with peonidin-3-galactoside being the most prevalent. Galactoside together with glucoside conjugates comprised the largest
percentage of total anthocyanins in the juices of V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos cultivars. 相似文献
4.
Santos-Cervantes ME Ibarra-Zazueta ME Loarca-Piña G Paredes-López O Delgado-Vargas F 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(2):71-77
We report for the first time the antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of fractions from Randia echinocarpa fruit, which is a Rubiaceae plant native to Sinaloa, Mexico. This fruit has been traditionally used in the prevention or treatment of cancer, among other
diseases. The pulp of the fruit was sequentially extracted with solvents of different polarity (i.e. hexane, chloroform, methanol
and water). A high extraction yield was obtained with methanol (72.17% d.w.). The aqueous extract showed the highest content
of phenolics (2.27 mg/g as ferulic acid equivalents) and the highest antioxidant activity based on the β-carotene bleaching
method (486.15). The commercial antioxidant BHT was used as control (835.05). Antimutagenic activity of the aqueous extract
(0–500 μg/tube) was evaluated using the Salmonella microsuspension assay (YG1024 strain) and 1-NP as the mutagen (50 and 100 ng/tube). The aqueous extract was neither toxic
nor mutagenic and the percentage of inhibition on 1-NP mutagenicity was 32 and 53% at doses of 50 and 100 ng/tube, respectively.
The results of the double incubation assay suggest that the extract inhibited the mutagenicity of 1-NP by a combination of
desmutagenic and bioantimutagenic effects. 相似文献
5.
Rocha Ribeiro SM Queiroz JH Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz ME Campos FM Pinheiro Sant'ana HM 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(1):13-17
This work was carried out to investigate the pulp composition of four mango cultivars (Haden, Tommy Atkins and Ubá) at the
ripening stage in relation to three components with antioxidant potential (total phenolics, carotenoids and ascorbic acid).
Total phenolic compound content was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and total carotenoid content by spectrophotometry
at 450 nm. The contents of β-carotene and total vitamin C (ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid) were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography.
Differences were found among the four mango cultivars in all the components analyzed. The content of phenolic compounds ranged
from 48.40 (Haden) to 208.70 mg/100 g (Ubá); total carotenoid from 1.91 (Haden) to 2.63 mg/100 g (Palmer); β-carotene from 661.27 (Palmer) to 2,220 μg/100 g (Ubá) and total ascorbic acid ranged from 9.79 (Tommy Atkins) to 77.71 mg/100 g
(Ubá). These results corroborated previous information that mangoes are a good source of antioxidants in human diet. 相似文献
6.
Ban X Huang B He J Chen Y Zeng H Han L Wang Y 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):175-180
The inflorescence of cultivated Coptis chinensis has been valued for tea production for many years in China. The antioxidant activities of C. chinensis inflorescence extracts prepared by various solvents were investigated by using several established in vitro systems: 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide
radical scavenging assays, reducing power assay, and ferrothiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assays. The results
showed that the 70% ethanol extract (EE) had the strongest antioxidant activity in vitro among the various extracts. Based on the in vitro results, EE was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. chinensis inflorescence in vivo. The liver and kidney of intoxicated animals showed a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)
and glutathione (GSH) levels, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level showed a significant increase. These changes were significantly
reversed after treatment with EE and the standard vitamin E. Thus, the C. chinensis inflorescence may be a valuable natural source that can be applicable to food industries. 相似文献
7.
Applied Biotechnology to Combat Late Blight in Potato Caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora Infestans</Emphasis> 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Potato is an important crop, grown worldwide. It suffers from many pests and diseases among which late blight, caused by the
oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is the worst. The disease is still causing major damage in many potato production areas and control is only possible by
applying fungicides frequently. The knowledge on the molecular biology and genetics of the interaction between the plant and
the oomycete is developing rapidly. These are relevant fields of study, currently dominated by the discovery of many resistance
genes and numerous effector proteins and the analysis of their specific mode of action. These studies may yield essential
information needed for the development of durable resistance. The long-term and worldwide effort to breed for resistance so
far has had little effect. A novel breeding approach may change this. It is based on cisgenic modification (CM) consisting
of marker-free pyramiding of several resistance genes and their spatial and temporal deployment yielding dynamic varieties
that contain potato genes only. It is envisioned that this CM approach with potato’s own genes will not only prove societally
acceptable but may also result in simplifications in the legislation on use of the CM approach. Various parties in the potato
research arena intend to cooperate in this novel approach in a number of developing countries where potato substantially contributes
to food security. The use of resources such as land, water and energy improves when the effect of late blight is markedly
reduced. 相似文献
8.
Juan Fernando Pío-León Gabriela López-Angulo Octavio Paredes-López Magdalena de Jesús Uribe-Beltrán Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho Francisco Delgado-Vargas 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(3):181-187
Bromelia pinguin L. is a plant native to Sinaloa, Mexico, where its fruit is used as food or as a phytotherapeutic agent. The fruits of B. pinguin were characterized and they could be considered as a functional food. These fruits show an average weight of 13.7 g and a
yellow color of high luminosity (b* = 43.2, L* = 74.5). The values for acidity (4.6%, as citric acid) and pH (3.7) of B. pinguin fruit are similar to those of citrics. The edible portion is characterized by a high content of vitamin C (126 mg/100 g),
ash (10.6 g/100 g d.w.), crude fiber (3.4 g/100 g d.w.), calcium (1290 mg/100 g d.w.), magnesium (500 mg/100 g d.w.), manganese
(2.95 mg/100 g d.w.) and it is a good source of zinc (2.8 mg/100 g d.w.). Polar fractions extracted from the pulp fruit showed
activity against several genera of human pathogenic-bacteria (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia and Pseudomonas). 相似文献
9.
Jana Kalinova Eva Dadakova 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(1):68-74
The aim of the study was to confirm the presence of rutin, one of the most common quercetin glycosides, and other quercetin
derivatives in plants of genus Amaranthus, to investigate the influence of the species and variety on rutin distribution in the plant and content changes during growing
season. The rutin content was determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography in individual plant parts at
the beginning of the growth, at the flowering stage and at the maturity stage of five Amaranthus species. The total quercetin content was determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography too. The rutin content
in amaranth ranged from 0.08 (in seeds) to 24.5 g/kg dry matter (in leaves). Comparison of the determined total quercetin
content and the calculated content of quercetin released from rutin did not prove important presence of quercetin or other
quercetin derivatives than rutin. Only amaranth leaves sampled at the maturity stage probably contained quercetin or quercetin
derivatives. Significant differences in the rutin content were established among species and as well varieties. Amaranthus hybrid and A. cruentus were the best sources of rutin. 相似文献
10.
Dias MI Barros L Sousa MJ Ferreira IC 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):181-186
Coriander is commonly used for medicinal purposes, food applications, cosmetics and perfumes. Herein, the production of antioxidants
in vegetative parts (leaves and stems) of in vivo and in vitro grown samples was compared. In vitro samples were clone A- with notorious purple pigmentation in stems and leaves and clone B- green. Seeds were also studied
as they are used to obtain in vivo and in vitro vegetative parts. Lipophilic (tocopherols, carotenoids and chlorophylls) and hydrophilic (sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolics,
flavonols and anthocyanins) compounds were quantified. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by radical scavenging activity,
reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The in vivo sample showed the highest antioxidant activity mainly due to its highest levels of hydrophilic compounds. Otherwise, in vitro samples, mainly clone A, gave the highest concentration in lipophilic compounds but a different profile when compared to
the in vivo sample. Clones A and B revealed a lack of β-carotene, β- and δ-tocopherols, a decrease in α-tocopherol, and an increase in
γ-tocopherol and clorophylls in comparison to the in vivo sample. In vitro culture might be useful to explore the plants potentialities for industrial applications, controlling environmental conditions
to produce higher amounts of some bioactive products. 相似文献
11.
Bernardi C Freyre M Sambucetti ME Pirovani ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2004,59(4):175-179
Vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia) is an ecologically important wild leguminous tree that grows spontaneously in Argentine deforested lands, the fruit of which is consumed by humans and animals. Because considerable iron content with low to intermediate availability has been previously reported in vinal pulps, its enhancement would be of interest. Iron availability was determined as iron dialyzability using an in vitro technique. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate iron availability increase after adding ascorbic and/or citric acids to vinal pulp at different mM acid/mM Fe ratios. Those ratios ranged from 0.05:1 to 9.95:1 and from 0.5:1 to 99.5:1 for ascorbic acid/Fe (AA:Fe) and citric acid/Fe (CA:Fe), respectively. The obtained second- and first-order polynomial equations showed that AA:Fe and CA:Fe molar ratios linear terms had a significant effect on iron dialyzability increase (P 0.05). It was possible to enhance iron availability to a maximum of 4.6 times. Additional confirmatory experiments were made adding the same organic acids to different vinal pulps and to a traditional cake prepared with vinal pulp called patay. There were no significant differences (p <0.05) between predicted values obtained by the model and experimental results. 相似文献
12.
Jing Z. Dong Da Y. Lu Y. Wang 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(3):199-204
Leaves of Lycium barbarum are widely used as medicine vegetables and functional tea in China. The main flavonoids present in the leaves were separated
and identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
mass spectrometry (LC-(APCI) MS) and ultraviolet-visible spectra with shift additives. The predominant flavonoid was identified
as rutin. Leaves are the rutin-rich parts (16.03–16.33 mg/g). In the wild and cultivated L. barbarum fruits, contents of rutin were determined very low (0.09–1.38 mg/g). The contents of total flavonoids (21.25 mg/g) of cultivated
L. barbarum leaves were much higher than those in the wild L. barbarum leaves (17.86 mg/g), so cultivated barbarum leaves are a suitable source for medicine vegetables and functional tea. 相似文献
13.
Hong Y Lin S Jiang Y Ashraf M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):200-204
Eriobotrya plants are known to have significant amounts of phenolics and flavonoids, and exhibit a strong antioxidant activity. Experiments
were conducted to examine variation in the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, and antioxidant activities in the leaves
of 11 Eriobotrya species (Tibet loquat, Daduhe loquat, Hengchun loquat, Taiwan loquat, Oak leaf loquat, Bengal loquat, Fragrant loquat, Guangxi
loquat, Obovate loquat, Big flower loquat, and common loquat, the last species include two materials, one is a cultivar ‘Zaozhong
6’, another is a wild tree). In these species, ‘Zaozhong 6′ loquat is a cultivar. The leaf extracts of ‘Tibet’, ‘Obovate’,
‘Taiwan’, ‘Bengal’ and ‘Hengchun’ loquats exhibited significantly higher contents of total flavonoids and total phenolics,
compared with those of other species. Of these 11 species, the highest contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids were
observed in ‘Tibet’ and ‘Obovatae’ loquats, respectively. The significantly stronger antioxidant abilities assessed by the
DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power were obtained in the leaf extracts of ‘Taiwan’, ‘Tibet’, ‘Bengal’, ‘Oak
leaf’, ‘Hengchun’ and ‘Obovate’ loquats, compared with the other species. In addition, significant correlations were found
between the contents of total phenolics or flavonoids and DPPH radical scavenging activity/reducing power. This work indicates
that the leaf extracts of the wild Eriobotrya species, ‘Tibet’, ‘Obovatae’, ‘Taiwan’, ‘Bengal’, ‘Oak leaf’ and ‘Hengchun’ loquats, exhibited significantly higher levels
of total phenolics and flavonoids, and significantly stronger antioxidant activities, compared with the cultivated species,
‘Zaozhong 6′ loquat, which suggests that these wild species have a better utilization value. 相似文献
14.
Padma S. Vankar Rakhi Shanker Shalini Dixit Debajit Mahanta S. C. Tiwari 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(2):121-127
Symplocos spicata (local name: Dom sheng) belonging to Family Symplococeae produces yellowish brown natural dye which has been used for dyeing textiles since ancient times by the Monpas tribe of Arunachal
Pradesh. Symplocos spicata (Dom Sheng) was found in the Lumla area of Tawang district. Leaves of the plant are used by the Monpas and Tibetans for extraction
of dye. Innovative sonicator dyeing with S. spicata showed that pretreatment with 2–4% metal mordant of the weight of the fabric is optimum showing very good fastness properties
for dyed natural polymers such as cotton, wool, and silk. CIELab and K/S of the dyed fabrics were also evaluated. The superiority of sonicator dyeing over conventional dyeing has been established
through this study. 相似文献
15.
Milovanović V Radulović N Todorović Z Stanković M Stojanović G 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(3):113-119
The hydro-alcoholic extracts of five Equisetum species, E. arvense L., E. sylvaticum L., E. fluviatile L., E. palustre L. and E. telmateia Ehrh., growing-wild in Serbia were evaluated for their genotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity and the results
related to the total phenol content and HPLC flavonoid profiles. The total phenol content was 92–349 μmol expressed as equivalents
of chlorogenic acid per g of dried plant material. Main identified compounds were kaempferol-, quercetin- glycosides and caffeic
acid derivatives. E. telmateia extract showed the greatest antioxidant capacity. Almost all tested microorganisms demonstrated some degree of sensitivity
to the examined extracts. All tested extracts at 62.5 μg/ml showed higher incidence of micronucleus formation than in the
control sample. The obtained data allowed mutual comparison of examined species and their assessment as possible sources of
antioxidants, antimicrobials and/or genotoxic substances. 相似文献
16.
López V Akerreta S Casanova E García-Mina JM Cavero RY Calvo MI 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(4):151-155
Eighty-eight extracts of different polarity obtained from 18 Lamiaceae medicinal and aromatic plants were screened for their
antioxidant and antifungal properties. A TLC analysis combined with two bioassays were used to detect these activities. In
most cases the highest radical scavenger capacity was detected in methanolic and aqueous extracts and polyphenols may be responsible.
The most interesting antioxidant activity was observed in polar extracts obtained from Lycopus europaeus, Melissa officinalis, Origanum vulgare subsp. virens and Lavandula latifolia. On the contrary, the best results for the antifungal test against Rhizopus stolonifer were produced by non-polar herbal extracts. Phlomis lychnitis, Salvia pratensis and Calamintha sylvatica caused the highest inhibition on Rhizopus growth. 相似文献
17.
Carvajal-Zarrabal O Waliszewski SM Barradas-Dermitz DM Orta-Flores Z Hayward-Jones PM Nolasco-Hipólito C Angulo-Guerrero O Sánchez-Ricaño R Infanzón RM Trujillo PR 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2005,60(4):153-159
The scientific basis for the statement that plants and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention
of chronic and degenerative diseases is continously advancing. The object of the present study was to evaluate the effect
of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dried calyx ethanolic extract on the serum lipid profile of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were fed during 4 weeks with
either a basal diet, containing high cholesterol (1%), cholic acid (0.25%), lard oil (10%), or a supplemental diet with H. sabdariffa extract at 5%, 10%, and 15% levels (SD5, SD10, SD15). Weight gain and faeces dry weight were both very significantly less (p ≤ 0.01) in SD10 and SD15 groups as compared to the control group, as was food efficiency in SD15. In the case of SD10, food efficiency was only significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05). Faeces dry weight in SD5 however, was the only one found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05). Triacylglycerols and LDL levels were both significantly less (p ≤ 0.05) in all groups (SD5, SD10, and SD15) as compared to the control. For total lipids, SD10 and SD15 showed significantly lower levels (p ≤ 0.05), whereas very significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed in the case of SD5. All groups had lower cholesterol levels compared to controls; however, only the SD5 group was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). No significant results were found in any group in the cases of either phospholipid or HDL levels. A hypothesis of
hibiscus acid racemization, (+)-HCA to (−)-HCA, mediated by intestinal flora enzymes possibly explains the significant triacylglycerol
decrease in all experimental groups. VLDL, the precursor of LDL, is composed predominantly of triacylglycerols, suggesting
that the significant decrease in LDL is related to observed triacylglycerol synthesis inhibition. Five percent H. sabdariffa extract addition showed the best results in the reduction of serum lipids under study conditions. 相似文献
18.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate some chemical and mineral characteristics and functional and rheological properties
of Canna and Arrowroot starches produced in the Venezuelan Andes. Canna starch showed a higher (P < 0.05) moisture, ash, and crude protein content than arrowroot starch, while crude fiber, crude fat, and amylose content
of this starch were higher (P < 0.05). Starches of both rhizomes own phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, and zinc in their composition.
Phosphorus, sodium, and potassium are the higher in both starches. Water absorption, swelling power, and solubility values
revealed weak bonding forces in Canna starch granules; this explained the lower gelatinization temperature and the substantial
viscosity development of Canna starch during heating. Arrowroot starch showed a higher gelatinization temperature measure
by DSC, than Canna starch and exhibited a lower value of ΔH. Both starches show negative syneresis. The apparent viscosity of Canna starch was higher (P < 0.05) than the Arrowroot starch values. The size (wide and large) of Canna starch granules was higher than arrowroot starch.
From the previous results, it can be concluded that Canna and Arrowroot starches could become interesting alternatives for
food developers, depending on their characteristics and functional properties. 相似文献
19.
Ingo Hein Paul R. J. Birch Sarah Danan Véronique Lefebvre Damaris Achieng Odeny Christiane Gebhardt Friederike Trognitz Glenn J. Bryan 《Potato Research》2009,52(3):215-227
Cultivated potato is susceptible to many pests and pathogens, none of which is more of a threat to potato agriculture than
the late blight disease, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. To date all efforts to thwart this most adaptive of pathogens have failed, and early attempts to deploy
‘R genes’ introgressed from the wild Mexican hexaploid Solanum demissum ended in abject failure. With the advent of facile gene mapping and cloning, allied to knowledge of plant resistance gene
structure, renewed efforts are leading to mapping and isolation of new sources of late blight resistance in potato wild species,
many of which are being performed under the auspices of the BIOEXPLOIT project (Sub-project 2). We document recent advances
in late blight resistance gene mapping and isolation, and postulate how these genes, allied to knowledge of pathogen effectors
and their recognition specificity, may greatly enhance our chances of halting the progress of late blight disease in potato
crops worldwide. 相似文献
20.
Nozaki K Nuyim T Shinano T Hamada S Ito H Matsui H Osaki M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2004,59(3):85-92
We investigated the relationships between starch concentrations and activities of starch synthetic enzymes in sago palms (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) under acid sulfate and mineral soil conditions. Plants grown naturally that had reached their maturated stage were sampled. We found that the growth in acid sulfate soil is lower than that in mineral soil and that starch granules were larger and there was more amylase activity in acid sulfate soil than in mineral soil. Lower amylase activity in mineral soil could eliminate the degradation of starch, making the smaller granules suitable for storing large amounts of starch in a limited space inside cells. 相似文献