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种公牛的性欲和采精管理是种公牛站冻精生产管理环节的核心部分。然而许多管理者将工作重点放在了种公牛的营养和冻精生产工艺的改进上,降低了对种公牛性欲的重视程度,使部分种公牛发生性欲下降,爬跨台牛不积极,或虽爬跨但不射精的现象。种公牛性欲降低严重影响了种公牛冻精生产,降低了种公牛的使用率和利用年限,影响了冻精的质量,降低了种公牛站的经济效益。 相似文献
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随着人工授精技术和精液冷冻技术的发展,极大地提高了种公牛的利用率,减少了种公牛的饲养数量,但对种公牛的质量提出了更高要求。优秀的种公牛要具备充沛的精力、健壮的体格、优良性状的稳定遗传,并能够产生大量高品质精液。种公牛的生育能力是由遗传因素和环境因素共同决定的,环境因素主要包括营养、健康状况以及饲养管理。饲养管理的科学性和规范性在优秀种公牛培育中发挥着重要作用。本文综述了种公牛的选择方法、国家有关种畜禽饲养的相关条例以及国内种公牛培育现状,从种公牛营养需求、科学管理等方面,分析种公牛饲养管理的重要影响因素,探讨提高种公牛饲养管理水平的具体措施。 相似文献
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种公牛蹄病的综合防治措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
种公牛蹄病是种公牛多发病和常见病之一,是影响种公牛生产性能充分发挥和种公牛站经济效益的重要因素之一,在牛的冷冻精液生产中已引起高度重视。我们站自1975年建站以来,先后从国内外引进西门塔尔、夏洛来、抗旱王、荷斯坦、秦川等良种公牛近百头,笔者通过多年的临床观察,种公牛蹄病的发生率占各种疾病之首,如1995~1996年两年间统计表明,我站存栏公牛各种蹄病的发生率高达27.9%,从而严重影响了牛冷冻精液的产量和质量,影响了优秀种公牛生产性能的充分发挥,甚至造成种公牛淘汰的不应有的经济损失。种公牛蹄病种类很多,临床症状各不相同,过… 相似文献
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日粮营养物质的平衡状况与奶用种公牛的繁殖生产性能密切相关。本文阐述了奶用种公牛的营养和日粮配方的基本知识;各阶段种公牛的饲养目标以及各阶段种公牛对于物质进食量、能量、蛋白、维生素和矿物质(包括常量元素和微量元素)的需要量。同时介绍了某些营养物质的需要量与种公牛体重之间的计算公式。还举例说明了1头体重445千克的奶用种公牛的典型日粮配方。 相似文献
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ZHANG Hua-ju XU Ya-bo WANG Lin-lin SUN Bin-bin LI Zhi-gang DING Ya-jun SUN Hong-xia 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3482-3490
In order to study the beef traits and beef quality of Jiaxian Red bull with crossbred beef cattle, 5 purebred Jiaxian Red bull, 5 Red Angus cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation, 5 Simmental cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation and 5 Charolais cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation were chosen and assigned into groups A,B,C and D for continual finishing for 3 months of age under the same feeding and management conditions and slaughtered at the end of the trial. The results showed that there were no significant difference in body height, body length, chest girth and cannon circumference between Red Angus cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation and purebred Jiaxian Red bull, the same as in Charolais cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation (P>0.05). The weight of head, skin, fore hooves and tail, the skin thick, esophagus, trachea, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and carcass meat percentage, loin eye area and the meat bone ratio in crossbred beef cattle groups were not significant differences compared with purebred Jiaxian Red bull (P>0.05), but its hind legs wide in carcass was significantly higher than that of purebred Jiaxian Red bull (P<0.05). The high-grade meat weight and high quality meat weight in Red Angus cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation were 70.22 and 105.22 kg, respectively, and was the highest in four groups,but the high-grade beef percentage among four groups did not show significant differences (P>0.05). The high quality meat percentage in Red Angus cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 reached 34.43%, was significantly higher than that of Jiaxian Red bull and Simmental cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation (P<0.05), and was higher than that of Charolais cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 generation (P>0.05). In terms of meat quality, the content of inosinic acid that related with the meat flavor in Red Angus cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 was the highest in four groups, while the content of unsaturated fatty acid and the flavor related amino acid, such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and alanine, in Charolais cattle×Jiaxian Red bull F1 were the highest in four groups,and their values were 53.85% and 8.04%, respectively. To sum up, the results suggested that there was no significant difference in body development and beef traits using Red Angus cattle, Simmental cattle and Charolais cattle to improve Jiaxian Red bull, while Red Angus cattle crossbred with Jiaxian Red bull could moderately improve the weight of high-grade beef and high-quality beef, and Charolais cattle could moderately improve the beef quality of Jiaxian Red bull. 相似文献
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为了研究郏县红牛与不同品种肉牛杂交后代的肉用性能和肉品质情况,试验选取红安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛、夏洛莱牛与郏县红牛的杂交1代公牛各5头,纯种郏县红牛5头,分为试验A组(郏县红牛公牛)、B组(红郏F1代公牛(红安格斯牛×郏县红牛))、C组(西郏F1代公牛(西门塔尔牛×郏县红牛))和D组(夏郏F1代公牛(夏洛莱牛×郏县红牛))4个试验组,在同样的饲养管理条件下,持续育肥3个月后屠宰,利用屠宰测定和检验分析的方法对郏县红牛及其不同杂交品种的体尺发育、肉用性能和肉品质进行分析测定。结果表明:采用红安格斯牛、夏洛莱牛改良郏县红牛,在体高、体斜长、胸围和管围方面与郏县红牛纯种牛相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05);屠宰测定方面,杂交后代组的头重、皮厚、皮重、前二蹄重和尾重,屠体器官食道、气管、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏的重量,以及胴体产肉率、眼肌面积、肉骨比与郏县红牛纯种牛相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但其胴体后腿宽显著高于郏县红牛纯种牛(P<0.05);红郏F1代公牛高档肉块重和优质肉块重最高,分别为70.22和105.22 kg,但高档牛肉率4组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),红郏F1代公牛优质牛肉率达到34.43%,显著高于郏县红牛和西郏F1代公牛(P<0.05),高于夏郏F1代公牛(P>0.05)。在肉品质方面,红郏F1代公牛与肉品风味有关的肌苷酸含量最高,而不饱和脂肪酸含量和与鲜味有关的氨基酸(天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸)含量均为夏郏F1代公牛含量最高,分别为53.85%和8.04%。结果提示,采用红安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛和夏洛莱牛改良郏县红牛,没有在体尺发育和肉用性能方面表现出显著优势,但采用红安格斯牛改良郏县红牛可提高郏县红牛肉用性能的潜力,可适度提高高档牛肉和优质牛肉肉块重量,而夏洛莱牛改良郏县红牛可适度提高牛肉品质。 相似文献
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《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2015,203(2):177-186
A group-based reproductive management extension programme has been designed to help managers of dairy herds improve herd reproductive performance. The aims of this study were, firstly, to assess effects of participation by key decision makers (KDMs) in a farmer action group programme in 2009 and 2010 on six key management outcomes (KMOs) that affect reproductive performance over 2 years (2009–2010 and 2010–2011), and secondly, to describe KDM intentions to change management behaviour(s) affecting each management outcome after participation in the programme. Seasonal calving dairy herds from four regions of New Zealand were enrolled in the study. Intentions to modify management behaviour were recorded using the formal written action plans developed during the extension programme. KMOs assessed were calving pattern of the herd, pre-calving heifer liveweight, pre-calving and premating body condition score (BCS), oestrus detection, anoestrus cow management and bull management. Participation was associated with improvements in heifer liveweight, more heifers calving in the first 6 weeks of the seasonal calving period, premating BCS and oestrus detection. No significant effects were observed on anoestrus cow management or bull management. KDMs with greater numbers of proposed actions had lower 6 week in-calf rates in the second study year than KDMs who proposed fewer actions. A more effective strategy to ensure more appropriate objectives is proposed. Strategies to help KDMs to implement proposed actions more successfully should be investigated to improve the programme further. 相似文献