雏番鸭细小病毒病快速诊断方法的建立

番鸭三周病、番鸭细小病毒型“白点病”以及番鸭小鹅瘟在临床上发病日龄非常相似,也是各个养鸭场经常出现的疾病,它们有时会出现混合感染或继发感染,给诊断带来了困难。针对这种情况,本文通过对三周病病原、番鸭细小病毒型“白点病”病原以及番鸭小鹅瘟病原核酸的分析比较,在三周病病原的特异性区域设计了一对特异性引物,通过PCR检测,能够快速、准确的诊断出雏番鸭细小病毒病。     

番鸭三种细小病毒野毒株试验感染雏鸭的临床症状及解剖病理变化差异研究

番鸭"三周病"、细小病毒型"白点病"和小鹅瘟是雏番鸭常见的三种细小病毒病,对番鸭养殖业危害较为严重。本文对从广东惠州及周边地区病死番鸭中分离鉴定的1株番鸭细小病毒型"白点病"病毒、1株小鹅瘟病毒和1株番鸭"三周病"病毒分别感染健康雏番鸭,将发病的临床症状、病理学变化进行对比,从而为基层兽医工作者提供三种番鸭细小病毒病临床鉴别、初步诊断更加直观的依据。     

番鸭三种细小病毒多联PCR检测方法的建立与初步应用

根据GenBank中番鸭"三周病"病毒(MDPV)、小鹅瘟病毒(GPV)的NS基因和VP基因,以及华南农业大学禽病组分离到的细小病毒型"白点病"病毒(MDWNV)的NS和VP基因序列,设计3对特异性引物,并在建立单项PCR技术的基础上,优化多联PCR反应条件(EX-Taq DNA聚合酶浓度、引物浓度、dNTPs浓度以及退火温度等),建立了MDPV、MDWNV和GPV三种病毒的多联PCR检测方法。本研究结果表明,该番鸭三种细小病毒多联PCR检测方法具有特异、快速、准确、敏感的特点,能同时鉴别诊断这三种番鸭细小病毒,并可直接应用于临床典型病变组织的检测。     

雏番鸭鹅细小病毒及大肠杆菌的混合感染

小鹅瘟是由鹅细小病毒所引起的主要侵害3～20日龄雏鹅的急性或亚急性的败血性传染病,雏番鸭也可感染小鹅瘟。利用所设计的特异性引物,对临床剖检病例中疑似小鹅瘟感染雏番鸭的病变组织进行PCR检测,均扩增出与预想结果一致的381 bp特异片段。同时取病番鸭肝脏组织进行细菌培养及生化鉴定,结果鉴定出大肠杆菌。结果表明该病例为雏番鸭鹅细小病毒及大肠杆菌的混合感染。     

番鸭细小病毒感染的诊断

针对番鸭细小病毒VP3基因片段,通过PCR检测番鸭细小病毒核酸,利用RT-PCR和PCR方法排除鸭病毒性肝炎和鸭瘟感染,利用非免疫雏鹅接种试验排除小鹅瘟病毒感染,确诊引进的番鸭患鸭细小病毒病.     

雏番鸭细小病毒和小鹅瘟病毒特性比较及二联活苗的应用

三周龄以内的雏番鸭常由雏番鸭细小病毒和小鹅瘟病毒引起的疫病，其发病率和死亡率较高。自1985年以来，在福建、广东、广西、浙江、江西、江苏、山东等省先后发生流行，对养番鸭业危害极大。1988年国内一些学者进行番鸭细小病毒分离与防治研究。法国学者报道了1989年在法国两个地区爆发雏番鸭细小病毒病，并从病群中分离到NX3和GM两个毒株进行部分特性的研究，数年来，在流行的疫区应用小鹅瘟免疫血清和活疫苗进行免疫有保护率。在此基础上，我们于1991年从患病雏番鸭分离到一株病毒(代号为M91)，进行与GPV之间的相关性和差异性研究，为本病的防制提供科学依据。     

番鸭小鹅瘟的诊断与防治措施

小鹅瘟通常侵害雏鹅、小鹅。近几年来，该病是雏番鸭继番鸭细小病毒病(三周病)之后的又一大疫病，而且经常与雏番鸭细小病毒病混合感染，临床发病上不易鉴别，两者均主要侵害1月龄内的小番鸭，以传播快、死亡高、剧烈下痢、纤维素性肠炎、小肠后段内容物形成腊肠样栓子为特征。目前该病已成为番鸭养殖户的主要预防疾病。     

雏番鸭细小病毒病研究进展

雏番鸭细小病毒是由雏番鸭细小病毒引起幼龄番鸭的一种新的番鸭疫病。该病于１９８０年在中国首次报道。本病因日龄不同而异,３周龄以下的雏番鸭主要是急性感染,主要症状是喘气、厌食、腹泻、脱水、迅速消瘦、死亡率高,特征病变是胰炎、肠炎和肝炎。３周龄以上的番鸭主要是慢性感染。雏番鸭细小病毒怀小鹅瘟病毒均属于细小病毒科,其理化特性和基因组结构非常相似,常规的病毒分离和血清学诊断方法不能区分雏番鸭细小病毒与小鹅瘟     

一起雏番鸭病毒性肝炎并发小鹅瘟的诊疗报告

近年来，雏番鸭小鹅瘟已陆续发生，笔者在禽病诊断中曾遇到几例，最近还遇到一起雏番鸭病毒性肝炎并发小鹅瘟，现将诊治情况报告如下：     

华南地区小鹅瘟和番鸭"三周病"分离野毒株部分VP基因的序列差异分析

为了研究华南地区小鹅瘟病毒(GPV)和番鸭"三周病"病毒(MDPV)分离野毒株部分VP基因的序列差异情况,试验从华南地区分离到疑似5株小鹅瘟病毒和2株番鸭"三周病"病毒野毒,并分析其变异情况.结果表明:华南地区小鹅瘟病毒分离野毒株的VP基因均与小鹅瘟病毒具有较近的亲缘关系,说明VP基因可能和致病性有关;番鸭"三周病"病毒分离野毒株的VP基因与小鹅瘟病毒的相似性相对较低,但均与GenBank注册登陆的小鹅瘟病毒处于同一较大分支上.     

Equine congenital heart disease and respiratory disease interactions

The interactions between the respiratory and cardiovascular system in neonates with severe illness are relevant to the equine clinician. There is little information available regarding the treatment of congenital heart disease or pulmonary hypertension in foals, thus a team approach with experts in these fields may help our equine cases.     

Lyme disease

Here is a sneak preview of the forthcoming book Current Therapy in Equine Medicine, 5th Edition. The following chapter on Lyme disease is by Thomas J. Divers.     

Glomerular disease

Glomerular diseases are a leading cause of chronic kidney disease in dogs but seem to be less common in cats. Glomerular diseases are diverse, and a renal biopsy is needed to determine the specific glomerular disease that is present in any animal. Familial glomerulopathies occur in many breeds of dogs. However, most dogs with glomerular disease have acquired glomerular injury that is either immune-complex mediated or due to systemic factors, both of which are believed to be the result of a disease process elsewhere in the body (i.e., neoplastic, infectious, and noninfectious inflammatory disorders). A thorough clinical evaluation is indicated in all dogs suspected of having glomerular disease and should include an extensive evaluation for potential predisposing disorders. Nonspecific management of dogs with glomerular disease can be divided into 3 major categories: (1) treatment of potential predisposing disorders, (2) management of proteinuria, and (3) management of uremia and other complications of glomerular disease and chronic kidney disease. Specific management of specific glomerular diseases has not been fully studied in dogs. However, it may be reasonable to consider immunosuppressive therapy in dogs that have developed a form of glomerulonephritis secondary to a steroid-responsive disease (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus) or have immune-mediated lesions that have been documented in renal biopsy specimens. Appropriate patient monitoring during therapy is important for maximizing patient care. The prognosis for dogs and cats with glomerular disease is variable and probably dependent on a combination of factors. The purpose of this article is to discuss the general diagnosis and management of dogs with glomerular disease.     

Periodontal disease

Periodontal disease is the most commonly diagnosed problem in small animal veterinary medicine. In the vast majority of cases, however, there are little to no outward clinical signs of the disease process, and, therefore, therapy often comes very late in the disease course. Consequently, periodontal disease is also the most undertreated animal health problem. In addition, unchecked periodontal disease has numerous dire consequences both locally and systemically. These consequences are detailed in the article and should be utilized to educate clients and encourage compliance of therapeutic recommendations. The local consequences include oronasal fistulas, class II perio-endo lesions, pathologic fractures, ocular problems, osteomyelitis, and an increased incidence of oral cancer. Systemic diseases linked to periodontal disease include: renal, hepatic, pulmonary, and cardiac diseases; osteoporosis, adverse pregnancy effects, and diabetes mellitus. Before the discussion of consequences, this article covers the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, followed by clinical features and diagnostic tests.