当前我县养殖场检疫监管存在的问题及对策

正近几年来,随着畜牧业的持续快速发展,畜产品数量迅速增加。现代畜牧业在为人们的生活提供更多、更丰富的动物源性产品的同时,也带来了许多问题。如"奶粉""瘦肉精""速生鸡"等事件,给整个行业敲响了警钟。绝大部分动物源性食品来自养殖场,所以养殖场是动物源性食品安全监管的源头,而养殖场兽医工作至关重要,只有依法保护养殖场兽医合法权益,提高兽医社会地位,确保兽医相对独立开展工作,明确养殖场兽医的动物性食品安全保护     

规模养殖场动物卫生监管重在从严执法

模养殖场动物卫生监管是畜牧兽医行政主管部门依照国家相关法律及行政法规负责实施,旨在规范畜牧业生产经营行为,从源头上保障动物源性食品安全的一项重要工作,体现了政府管理社会事务依法办事的根本原则.     

兽医在保障动物源性食品安全中的职责——第三届兽医公共卫生暨动物源性食品安全高峰论坛侧记 “三大问题事件”给兽医的思考与教训

6月14～15日，由中国兽医协会主办的第三届兽医公共卫生暨动物源性食品安全高峰论坛在湖北宜昌成功举办，来自相关兽医行业的部门领导、技术骨干，学术领域的实干专家，以及养殖企业的负责人等100余人参加会议。会议围绕着养殖场兽医职责与监管的主题，经过2天紧张而又深入的研究探讨，对我国动物源性食品安全的现状、成因以及挑战性的突破对策进行了深入浅出、论据详实、发人深省的系统解读，讨论从兽医领导部门的统筹、监管、保障，各地方配套设施的投入、管理、运行，到农场兽医的人员素质、工作落实和激励措施等内容面面俱到，凡涉及动物源性食品安全的环节都有所体现。同时也邀请了国外的著名兽医专家介绍国外食品安全管理方面的经验和做法，为我国动物源性食品安全的发展和度过困境提供思路和方向，使我们也清醒的认识到我国和发达国家食品安全保障措施中的差异，以及当前我国特有的畜牧养殖业发展形势的要求。     

新春寄语

斗转星移,岁序更新。在新春佳节到来之际,我谨代表农业部兽医局向奋战在兽医工作一线的同志们表示崇高敬意和诚挚问候!2014年,全体兽医工作者齐心协力,并肩奋战,积极防控动物疫病风险,严格动物源性食品安全监管,兽医工作取得了积极成效,有力保障了养殖业生产安全、动物源性食品安全和公共卫生安全。     

兽医在保障动物源性食品安全中的职责——第三届兽医公共卫生暨动物源性食品安全高峰论坛侧记

6月14～15日,由中国兽医协会主办的第三届兽医公共卫生暨动物源性食品安全高峰论坛在湖北宜昌成功举办,来自相关兽医行业的部门领导、技术骨干,学术领域的实干专家,以及养殖企业的负责人等100余人参加会议。会议围绕着养殖场兽医职责与监管的主题,经过2天紧张而又深入的研究探讨,对我国动物源性食品安全的现状、成因以及挑战性的突破对策进行了深入浅出、论据详实、发人深省的系统解读,讨论从兽医领导部门的统筹、监管、保障,各地方配套设施的投入、管理、运行,到农场兽医     

乡镇畜牧兽医站改革现状及建议

乡镇畜牧兽医站是国家在基层设立的畜牧兽医工作事业单位,主要承担着宣传贯彻执行畜牧兽医法律、法规和有关发展畜牧业的方针、政策;动物疫病预防控制;动物卫生监督检疫;兽药饲料监督检查;动物疫病诊疗;动物养殖场(小区)监督监管、动物源性食品安全;推广新品种、指导新技术等服务。本文介绍了天祝县乡镇畜牧兽医站基本情况,对乡镇畜牧兽医站改革后存在的问题提出了一些建议。     

养殖场兽医监管过程中存在的问题及对策

<正>我国大部分的动物源性食品绝大部分来自养殖场,因此要保证这部分的食品质量就必须对养殖场的安全卫生,加大监管力度,对养殖场的规范化运作也同样要加大监管力度。对于很多养殖场不按规定处理病死的动物,还有在大部分养殖场都滥用抗生素和饲料添加剂的现状,我们更得加强监管力度。特别是其中的兽医监管工作,     

中国动物源性食品安全控制高峰论坛在京举行

近年来,我国动物源性食品安全问题日益突出,问题奶粉、问题猪肉、问题鸡蛋、问题水产品频频出现,已成为全社会关注的热点。为贯彻国务院《关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定》和国务院办公厅《关于严厉打击食品非法添加行为切实加强食品添加剂监管的通知》精神,改善我国动物源性食品安全现状、增强消费信心、树立国际形象,中国兽医协     

生猪规模养殖场动物源性食品安全控制监管模式的探索

近年来,由于市场经济和宏观政策引导,养猪业逐渐向专业化、标准化、产业化发展,规模养猪场发展迅速,为农村经济的发展起到很大的促进作用。而密集封闭环境使畜禽的生长环境恶化．各种疾病也易发生．控制难度增大．饲养成本提高．而抗生素的使用也易起动物内源性感染和二重感染．特别是造成机体内微生物失调和环境污染。同时．抗生素在动物产品中的残留直接影响了人类的免疫和健康。因此．抓好规模猪场生猪产品质量安全是我们养殖业动物源性食品安全控制监管工作的重头戏。本文就如何搞好养猪业动物源性食品安全控制监管和生猪规模养殖场的动物源性食品安全控制监管模式进行初步探索。     

认清兽医含义 完善兽医体系 保障动物源性食品安全——访中国兽医药品监察所张仲秋所长

在告别短缺，社会供给日益丰富的今天，越来越多的人关心起食品安全问题，动物源性食品安全是其中的一个重要方面，它是指来源于动物可食用组织的食品被人摄入后引起的安全问题。人们自然会联想到屠宰检疫、联想到兽医。其实，屠宰检疫只是抓好动物源性食品安全的一小方面，它也只是兽医工作的一小部分。动物源性食品安全与兽医工作密切相关。本刊记者日前在采访原农业部畜牧兽医局副局长、现中国兽医药品监察所所长张仲秋先生就谈及这个问题。     

Food animal veterinary medicine: leading a changing profession

The veterinary profession has gone through periods of profound change in response to economic and social changes. We are currently in another such period: profound change is required in order for the profession to remain relevant in a marketplace where a rapidly expanding knowledge base and new technologies demand an ever-increasing level of expertise in a greater variety of areas. However, the veterinary profession is perceived both internally and by the public as possessing a narrow set of skills that supports a narrow group of careers focused on salvaging ill or injured companion animals. It will be necessary to dramatically change the way veterinary students are recruited and trained, as well as how graduate veterinarians are licensed and provided continuing education, in order for the veterinary profession to capitalize on our historical strengths and provide service and leadership in a greater diversity of career paths. Even though the number of veterinarians needed to provide primary care for livestock is decreasing, both the level of expertise demanded by livestock owners and the value of veterinary involvement on livestock farms are increasing. Colleges of veterinary medicine appear challenged to meet the changing needs for veterinary services in animal agriculture because of the declining percentage of veterinary students interested in food animal careers. Fortunately for animal agriculture, the skill set needed by food animal veterinarians is also needed by several emerging segments of the veterinary profession that have tremendous potential for rapid growth, including employment in all segments of food production systems, environmental monitoring and management, bio-security and disease eradication, laboratory diagnostics, and federal regulatory and bio-defense roles. Like previous periods of profound change, this moment in history will require creative thought, open discussion, and a willingness to step into the unknown.     

Survey of veterinary extension in the United States

OBJECTIVE: To assess veterinary extension in the United States as perceived by veterinary extension personnel. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SAMPLE POPULATION: Extension veterinarians in the United States. PROCEDURE: 2 surveys were designed and mailed to extension veterinarians listed by the USDA and the American Association of Extension Veterinarians. RESULTS: 34 states had > or = 1 extension veterinarian. The majority (> 60%) of extension veterinarians did not commit time to resident education and were not involved in research activities. Paradoxically, 23% of responding extension veterinarians did not report extension work. Programs for food animal producers, horse owners, and companion animal owners were provided by 100, 63, and 37% of states, respectively. Continuing education (CE) programs were provided for food animal veterinarians, equine veterinarians, and companion animal veterinarians by 96, 63, and 52% of states, respectively. Challenges facing veterinary extension included limited recognition of veterinary extension activities by universities, lack of university personnel to support CE programs, and decreased support for companion animal extension programs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Extension veterinarians need to identify and clearly articulate the mission of veterinary extension, develop more collaborative programs across regions, and continue to serve as catalysts to bring diverse constituents together. Extension veterinarians must distinguish their mission not solely as information transfer, which can be accomplished in a variety of ways outside of extension, but as a coherent and consistent program of education and policy developed on a national level and distributed locally.     

Global veterinary leadership.

The public needs no reminder that deadly infectious diseases such as FMD could emerge in any country at any moment, or that national food security could be compromised by Salmonella or Listeria infections. Protections against these risks include the knowledge that appropriate and equivalent veterinary education will enable detection and characterization of emerging disease agents, as well as an appropriate response, wherever they occur. Global veterinary leadership is needed to reduce the global threat of infectious diseases of major food animal and public health importance. We believe that the co-curriculum is an excellent way to prepare and train veterinarians and future leaders who understand and can deal with global issues. The key to the success of the program is the veterinarian's understanding that there is a cultural basis to the practice of veterinary medicine in any country. The result will be a cadre of veterinarians, faculty, and other professionals who are better able (language and culture) to understand the effects of change brought about by free trade and the importance of interdisciplinary and institutional relationships to deal effectively with national and regional issues of food safety and security. New global veterinary leadership programs will build on interests, experience, ideas, and ambitions. A college that wishes to take advantage of this diversity must offer opportunities that interest veterinarians throughout their careers and that preferably connect academic study with intensive experiential training in another country. At its best, the global veterinary leadership program would include a partnership between veterinarians and several international learning centers, a responsiveness to the identified international outreach needs of the profession, and attention to critical thinking and reflection. The global veterinary leadership program we have described is intended to be a set of ideas meant to promote collaboration, coalitions, and discussion among veterinarians and veterinary educators who may be intrigued by the concept. The impact of the program can be summarized as follows: Outreach Programs: The global veterinary leadership program will establish new partnerships between veterinarians and veterinary college faculty as they supervise the international internships and see a relationship between their goals and the value of food safety to this country. Strategic Opportunity: The program will build on the critical role that US veterinarians and veterinary colleges already play in strengthening the safety of free trade in this hemisphere. Diversity in an Age of Specialization: The program will combine a global orientation, language ability, and access to comprehensive, research- and economic-related work/study opportunities to expose veterinarians to the expanding world market for veterinary expertise. New Linkages Through Corporate Partners: Through the success and high visibility of current research and education programs, most veterinary colleges are well positioned to engage industry, government, and university leaders in ways to use the proposed program to increase the flow of new ideas and talent into the world food enterprise. International Funding: A new partnership among veterinarians, industry, government, and university leaders can coordinate strong multilateral requests for funding from national and international sources. An Interdisciplinary Strategy that Benefits Veterinary Medicine: The program will combine the diverse veterinary research and education system with our strong national and international network of collaborators to provide globally competent veterinarians who will be needed for the corporate and public opportunities of the future.     

The problem of oral administration of antimicrobially effective substances. Experiences from Switzerland

The oral medication of sick animals is very common and a very preserve therapy. This method of therapy demands a high level of know-how for the veterinarians and also for meet-producers relating to food safety and bacterial resistance. In the new ordinance on veterinary medicine in 2004 many aspects of production and application of medicated feed are regulated in the legislation. This ordinance pretends to control all technical equipments used for production, transport and application of medicated feed by a qualified person (QP) on farms. Important criteria are defined in the ordinance on veterinary medicines.     

呼和浩特地区牛乳及其乳制品中兽药残留现状调查

旨在了解呼和浩特地区牛乳及其乳制品中兽药残留现状。采用现场调查、问卷调查等方法,调查了65家经销奶产品超市及60家奶产品特产经销店乳制品的销售情况,调查了139名呼和浩特市市民对牛乳及其乳制品的食用情况;调查了35个牛场驻场兽医及10名相关专家在临床上的兽药使用现状。采用回顾性调查方法,调查了2014—2015年内蒙古有关权威部门采用LC-MS-MS、ELISA等方法对呼和浩特地区370份牛乳进行兽药残留检测的结果。采用HPLC方法,检测了呼和浩特地区74份牛乳制品样本中的兽药残留。调查结果显示,呼和浩特市被调查的对象中96.41%的消费者食用牛乳及其乳制品,56.11%的消费者关注乳制品中兽药残留问题;呼和浩特地区牛乳总销量的94.46%来自于呼和浩特地区奶牛场,5.54%来自于其他地区;94.44%的牛场有专职兽医;20%的被调查牛场有超量使用兽药的情况,85.71%的被调查牛场有用药记录,94.29%的被调查牛场严格执行兽药休药期;100%的牛场对所产牛乳进行抗菌药物检测;目前呼和浩特地区兽医临床最常用的4种抗菌药物分别为青霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林及头孢噻呋,其他有庆大霉素、甲硝唑等。实验室检测结果显示,呼和浩特地区2014—2015年生产的牛乳中兽药残留均为阴性,市售乳制品样本中亦未检出残留。呼和浩特各辖区生产、流通的牛乳及其乳制品均符合动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量要求。     

From veterinarian to quality control manager. What is going to change in the Netherlands for the practicing large animal veterinarian under influence of the White Paper about food safety?

The work of farm animal practitioners will change in the coming years as a result of the White Paper on food safety. Both government and the Royal Veterinary Association of the Netherlands are working on an accreditation system for veterinarians. The veterinary practitioner is a link in the chain to achieve safe products. Where in the past emphasis was on the individual animal, it will now be on the herd or flock. The veterinarian will officially determine the health status of the farm, which in turn will play a role in the inspection procedures at the slaughterhouse. This form of farm management will become compulsory for all stockholders within the framework of the Veterinary Network for Supervision. In turn, these developments will affect the veterinary medicine curriculum. New subjects such as quality management will become increasingly important.     

Animal welfare and the veterinary profession

Extract

The veterinary profession has a unique responsibility to society at the interface of animals and man. Veterinarians are trained in the healing sciences as well as in animal biology and management, formal training in animal welfare is now given in the undergraduate course, and the physiology of stress is taught in biology. This assists veterinarians to objectively assess the impact of the environment on animals, removing the frequently faulty interpretations that anthropomorphism presents in some situations. The scientific training of veterinarians also allows them to accurately assess the worth of various procedures in laboratories and on farms.     

US market for food animal veterinary medical services

American agribusiness is undergoing significant change and stress. In the future, agriculture faces continued instability and uncertainty because of ever-changing global economic conditions, rapid technological advances, increasing production efficiencies, shifts in demand for agricultural products, and a growing dependence of US producers on increasingly competitive world markets. In order to better understand changes and trends facing food animal veterinarians, the AVMA's Executive Board at its March 1986 meeting approved a proposal from the Council on Public Relations for a study of the US food animal market for veterinary medical services. The objectives of the study were to describe the current market for veterinary medical services, products, and information; determine and explain the demand for food animal veterinary services provided by private practicing veterinarians; and identify markets representing potential demand for which marketing strategies could be developed.     

Work conditions, job preparation, and placement strategies for food-animal veterinarians

This study examines the responses of 1,047 human-resources personnel who recruit veterinarians for positions in their organizations. Work conditions in the organization, lifestyle and time-management issues, job benefits, job expectations, supervisor relations, and the physical demands of veterinary work are studied. Comparisons are made between four different occupational areas: food animals, mixed animals, companion animals, and industry positions in veterinary medicine. The findings portray a career in food animal medicine as very positive. Recruiters also make recommendations to colleges of veterinary medicine for strategies to improve the preparation and placement of their graduates.