高蛋白花生新品种豫花8号

豫花8号是具有高产、优质、中早熟、高蛋白特点的花生新品种。1988～1994年7年46点次试验，平均产量2918．1kg／hm2，比当地当家品种豫花1号增产15．5％。大田生产一般荚果产量4500kg／hm2。蛋白质含量为31．05％。生育期120d左右。百果重205．4g，百仁重85．6g，出仁率75％～78％。     

超高产优质小麦新品种豫农416的选育

豫农416是以豫麦49为母本、（豫麦21×豫麦35）F,为父本进行有性杂交,采用系谱法选育而成。2年区试平均产量为7846．5和7987．5kg／hm2,分别较对照豫麦49和周麦18增产5．96％和3．19％;生产试验平均产量为8625．0kg／hm2．比对照周麦18增产7．4％,居参试品种首位。该品种具有分蘖力强,成穗多,千粒重高．超高产,广适的优点,区试混合样籽粒品质指标达国家强筋优质麦标准,适宜河南及相临省份相近小麦生态区推广种植。     

高产高抗花生新品种开农37选育报告

开农37是我所用豫花7号×豫花1号通过有性杂交选育而成的.该品种抗病、抗旱、耐瘠薄能力强.河南省两年区试平均产量3477.00kg/hm2,比对照豫花6号增产13.30%.河南省生产试验平均产量4122.00kg/hm2,比对照豫花6号增产10.30%.综合评比居参试材料首位.     

抗青枯病花生品种日花1号的选育研究

日花1号是日照市东港花生研究所以鲁花3号做母本,花选1号（花育16号）做父本进行有性杂交选育而成的花生抗病新品种。该品种具有高产、抗青枯病、适应性广等优点。在2005～2006年山东省花生品种大粒组区域试验中,两年平均单产荚果4881kg／hm^2、籽仁3570kg/hm^2,分别比对照鲁花11号增产3．0%和4．4％;2007年生产试验平均单产荚果4719kg／hm^2、籽仁3382．5kg／hm^2,分别比对照鲁花11号增产3．1％和2．9％。该品种于2008年4月通过了山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜我国北方花生产区作为春播大花生品种推广利用。     

高油酸花生新品种豫花37号选育及遗传分析

豫花37号是以高产、广适性品种海花1号为母本，以高油酸小果开选016为父本，通过有性杂交和系谱法选择，在分离世代综合运用近红外品质检测、异地生态鉴定、分子标记辅助选择等育种方法选育而成的珍珠豆优质高油酸花生新品种。2012年和2013年参加河南省珍珠豆型优质花生区试，两年9个试验点荚果平均单产达到4583.55 kg/hm2，比对照远杂9102（普通油酸品种）增产2.68%；2014年参加河南省珍珠豆花生生产试验，6个试验点荚果平均单产5084.4 kg/hm2，比对照远杂9102增产10.84%；于2015年通过河南省品种审定委员会审定，夏直播生育期116 d左右。本研究进一步对豫花37的遗传背景和控制油酸含量的两对主效基因的突变类型进行了分析，对后续高油酸品种选育具有一定借鉴意义。     

玉米新杂交种豫玉20

豫玉20（原名豫单15）是由河南农业大学玉米研究所1990年以自选系S22作母本，外引系478作父本组配而成的竖叶大穗型杂交种。1996年4月通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定，并正式命名为豫玉20。该杂交种高产潜力大，稳产性能高，1993年参加河南省区试，各列第一，11个试点全部增产，平均单产8095．5kg／hm2，比对照豫玉5号增产13．7％，达极显著水平。1994年省区试全部试点增产，平均单产7797．0kg／hm2，比对照1（豫玉5号）增产14．3％，比对照Ⅱ（豫玉12）增产20．1％，又达极显著水平。比掖单19增产9．10％。两年区试累计18个试点全部…     

水稻新品种世纪137的特征特性和栽培技术要点

一、品种来源水稻新品种“世纪137”是福建农科院稻麦研究所,根据舢粳杂交稳定的“非F1优势”的理论,以舢粳杂交材料复交经多代选育而成的早晚兼用型新品种。其组合是矮窄／姬糯／／C98／玉米稻／／／434大穗／FR1037。全生育期130d左右。1997年通过省区试。具有穗大粒多,结实率高,米质好,增产潜力较大的突出优点。二、产量表现该品种一般单产7500～8250kg／hm2,高产田单产11100kg／hm2。1994年进行品比试验单产7425kg／hm2,比对照种荆糯6号增产11．4％,比78130增产16．5％。1995年参加品比试验,比满仓515增产6．8％,比荆糯6号…     

浙江省1997年审定的水稻新品种

（1）浙农921：系浙江农业大学选用高产早舢中浙1号与优质舢稻K125－3杂交后代为母本，再与中渐1号多次回交选育而成。该品种株高75cm，青秆黄熟，无芒。每德总粒10o粒左右，结实率70％～80％，千粒重27．5g。1994、1995年在浙江省早稻区试中，平均单产分别为6144和5500．5kg／hm‘，比对照渐852分别增产5．2％和9．3％；1996年省生产试验平均单产5910kg／hm’，比斯852增产282％。该品种分自中等，丰产性好，较抗猪瘟病，中抗纹枯病，米质中等，全生育期比浙852长1．5～2天，为110天，属中熟早舢稻。适宜在浙江省中部、南部作早稻种植。（…     

湖北省1997年认定的水稻新品种及不育系

1997年7月28～29日，湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审（认）定通过了11种作物的16个品种，其中认定通过了1个水稻新品种和1个水稻不育系。1．春江03粳是中国水稻研究所选育的晚粳新品种，由孝南区农科所引进。该品种中熟偏迟，分繁力强，成穗率高，抗倒能力强，中抗稻瘟病，纹枯病、稻曲病轻，综合抗性好。1995年参加省区试，平均单产6753kg／hm‘，比对照品种鄂宜105增产4．28％，增产极显著，居参试组合首位。1995年孝感试种13hm‘多，平均单产6921kg／hm’，1996年孝南区农科所1．2hm‘示范田，单产7635kg／hm‘。适宜湖北省双季稻区种植。…     

江苏省1996年审定的水稻新品种

（1）镇批232：系江苏丘陵地区镇江农科所育成的中他稻品种。该品种综合性状较好，株型集散适中，剑叶挺举，叶色稍深。株高110cm，茎秆弹性较好，分案力较强。每穗总粒135粒左右，结实率90％左右，千粒重24.5g。米质较优。全生育期145天左右，后期转色较好。抗逆性较强，抗倒性好。抗白叶枯病，高抗稻瘟病和揭飞虱，纹枯病较轻。丰产性较好，省区域试验平均单产8012．55kg／hm2，扬辐他2号增产1.9％；省生产试验平均单产8598.6kg／hm2，比标辐他2号增5．98％。适宜在江苏淮南南部中他稍地区中上等肥力条件下种植。（2）特优559：系江苏沿海…     

Mineral composition of some traditional Mexican teas

Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described.     

Studies on natural repellents against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) in country stores

Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong (1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage, sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over 45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield of a subsequent crop.     

Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Various Nitrogen Fertilizers

Summary

The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices.     

Redox Status and Neuro Inflammation Indexes in Cerebellum and Motor Cortex of Wistar Rats Supplemented with Natural Sources of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Astaxanthin: Fish Oil,Krill Oil,and Algal Biomass

Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions.     

Potential of dry fractionation of wheat bran for the development of food ingredients,part II: Electrostatic separation of particles

Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased.     

Pharmacokinetics of Marine-Derived Drugs

Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of different accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. from Uruguay

Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pulque</Emphasis>, An Alcoholic Drink from Rural Mexico,Contains Phytase. Its <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> Effects on Corn Tortilla

Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn.