数字化木材标本馆的网络设计与实现

运用Internet网络技术、ASP技术以及数据库技术将木材标本馆进行数字化,解决标本的存贮空间小、环境条件差等问题,使标本及其各种属性得到永久性保存.同时,将这些珍贵标本的使用群体由原来少数科研人员扩大到为林产工业企业的工程设计人员、最广大的计算机网络用户,使有限的木材资源得到更加高效利用.     

木材综合信息数据库查询系统的研究

木材综合信息数据库查询系统是在收集、整理我国木材科学领域多年来研究成果和实验数据的基础上，建立起来的大型木材科学综合信息数据查询应用软件包。系统收录有木材标本、木材译名、木材用途、及木材解剖识别、木材眼微构造、木材化学、木材物理力学、木材、木材热学、木材声学及木材渗透性等信息，建立了十二个专项子数据库。     

科技通讯

中国林科院木材工业研究所研制的CIQS—东南亚阔叶树材计算机数据库查询系统于1992年6月18日在北京通过专家鉴定。木材解剖特征系根据正确定名标本记载;木材力学数据全部采用东南亚试验结果,还有按中国标准进行了换算的数据;木材主要用途38类,列出了适宜每类用途的树种。本系统贮存了东南亚阔叶树材201种(类)及每个树种     

单机版木材标本信息管理系统的研建

本文基于NET4.0,采用C#语言和ADO.NET数据访问技术,结合SQL Server数据库,开发建立了数字化木材标本管理系统,实现了木材标本的数字化管理和快捷检索.本系统具有运行速度高、信息处理能力强、人机界面直观、功能齐全、通用性强、硬件环境要求低等特点,为促进木材科学与数字化技术水平的提高提供了技术支持.     

木材贮运中应用RFID技术的探讨

通过分析我国目前木材贮运中存在的问题和RFID技术的发展方向、技术特点等因素,提出将RFID技术应用到木材贮运作业中,以解决我国木材贮运系统中的木材基本信息录入繁琐、归愣信息不准确、查询效率低下等问题,为实现木材贮运系统自动化和信息化建设提供理论参考。     

电子商务环境下木材物流网络均衡发展策略

随着我国木材加工产业的蓬勃发展,木材物流得到了快速发展,受到相关政府部门和企业高度重视。电子商务的发展推动了我国木材物流网络的迅速发展,有助于完善木材加工的整体产业链。论述了我国木材物流系统发展现状,分析了木材物流网络建设存在的主要问题,在此基础上提出了木材物流体系发展策略。旨在提高当前木材物流产业的整体管理水平,节约物流成本,在市场经济体制中提高产业综合竞争力。     

木材生产销售管理系统的开发

从系统总体设计、功能分析及数据库建立等方面,介绍木材生产销售管理系统的研究与开发.系统具有数据输入、查询、统计、分析、打印、结帐等功能,能科学、快捷、有效地管理木材生产销售过程中的各类数据,提高工作效率.     

应用Visual Basic 6.0开发木材标本管理系统

应用Visual basic 6.0语言开发了安徽农业大学木材标本馆标本管理系统,系统设有检索、输入、统计、打印、维护等功能模块.本系统适当调整后也适用于林业系统的树木学、植物、动物、昆虫等标本的管理.     

二维码技术在木材标本馆建设中的应用

为延伸木材标本馆的功能,二维码技术被引入木材标本馆建设中。将馆中展陈主要木材标本的信息与木材学基础知识等录入文档,生成每个标本相应的二维码。用户通过扫描二维码,可快速获取相应木材标本信息。利用移动互联网强大的信息交流功能,将二维码技术应用于木材标本馆建设中,有利于推进木材标本馆的数字化建设。     

基于射频识别技术的木材贮运信息管理系统设计

基于射频识别技术的木材贮运信息管理系统,综合运用计算机科学、统计学、运筹学和管理定量分析等分析手段,以系统的组成成分、研发过程和设计方案等内容为出发点,达到实现木材出入库控制自动化、木材存放位置与数量统计信息化的目的,进而方便管理人员进行查询、统计和分析,以满足对木材管理的方便、快捷、安全和高效等要求。     

基于空间灰度共生矩阵木材纹理分类识别的研究

以10种木材纹理样本为对象,研究了木材纹理参数体系的建立方法,并进行了分类识别的仿真实验。首先,针对木材纹理特点并结合类别可分性判据,构造了适于描述木材的空间灰度共生矩阵,并在此基础上提取了木材的11个纹理特征参数。其次,借助相关性分析对参数进行了特征选择,进而建立了能直接与人的感官对应的木材纹理参数体系。最后,利用 BP 神经网络分类器对木材样本进行了分类识别研究,识别率为87.50%,验证了参数体系的有效性,表明用本文提出的纹理参数体系对木材进行分类识别是可行的。     

黑龙江省市县林区主要树种材种出材率表的编制

采集了4168株编表样木数据,按原林业部"林业基础数表标准化技术业务组"推荐的"可变出材率表"的编制方法,利用样木的测径数据建立削度方程,编制了黑龙江市县林区主要树种一元材种出材率表。经检验,本出材率表精度较高、适用性强,可供生产经营单位、管理部门和科学研究使用。     

Main Characteristics of Statistical Data and the Statistical System for Wood and Wood-processing Products in Vietnam

This paper describes the characteristics of data about wood and wood-processing products published in Vietnam. The characteristics include inconsistency of data published by major data sources, lack of necessary data, and irregular publication frequency. Reasons are identified for the existence of the above characteristics of data for the wood and wood-processing industries, including recent changes in the functions of state statistical organizations and unclear concepts of data published. These characteristics create difficulties for researchers and policy-makers working at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for analysing policies and establishing supply targets for the wood and wood-processing industries in 5-year economic plans. To improve the statistical system, co-operation between state organisations and the information network (e.g. computers and internet connection) requires strengthening.     

Knots detection in wood using microwaves

This work describes a microwave technique used to generate and process data on knots in wood prior to processing. The experimental design was a simple system composed of a microwave emitter and receiver used to scan the wood samples with knots. Signals were calibrated and amplified, and then a data storage and graphic visualization were performed. A PCL-711 data acquisition card was used in conjunction with data acquisition software. The preliminary results obtained for the studied wood samples were viewed in 2- and 3-dimensional graphics, showing a strong relation with the visual inspection of the samples.     

A microwave tomographic system for wood characterization in the forest products industry

Abstract

Nondestructive testing and evaluation techniques able to extract information about the internal structure of the samples under test are very important in the wood industry. Microwave imaging systems have been considered for a long time promising apparatuses for this task. In this framework, approaches exploiting the full scattering phenomena for creating images of the distributions of the dielectric properties of the targets have been developed in the last few years. In this paper, a prototype of microwave tomographic system is presented and several experimental validation confirming its suitability for the use in the wood and forest product industry are reported.     

6种木材白腐菌对山杨材木质素分解能力的研究

由于不同的木材腐朽菌的生理特性不同 ,所分泌的酶及酶的活性各不相同 ,因此 ,不同的腐朽菌分解木材的各种成分及相对速度就各不相同 ,而且对于木质纤维基质会有不同的中间代谢产物。本项研究选择了火木层孔菌 (Phelliusigniarius)及另外 5种木材分解能力较强的阔叶树上的白腐菌 :粗毛盖菌 (Funaliagallica)、三色革裥菌 (Lenzitestricolor)、冬拟多孔菌 (Polyporellusbrumalis)、偏肿拟栓菌 (Pseudotrametesgibbosa)和血红密孔菌 (Pyc noporussanguineus) ,研究了它们对山杨木材木质素的分解能力 ,测定了经 6种白腐菌分解一定时期的山杨木材木质素的含量 ,作为木材白腐菌对山杨木材木质素生物降解机制的初步研究 ,旨在为山杨木材生物制浆造纸提供应用基础理论研究 ,同时也可为木质素合理的生物转化为有用的化学品、生物漂白、酶处理防止机械浆的返黄、废水治理、纤维素酶解糖化的微生物前处理等提供相关的借鉴研究 ,以期在生产实践中减轻环境污染并充分利用木质素资源。在无菌的条件下 ,将山杨木片样品分别放入以上 6种白腐菌的平板培养基中受菌侵染 ,一定时间后取出 ,去除木片表面的菌丝体 ,然后分别测定未腐朽材和受菌侵染 4 0d、6 0d、80d和 12 0d时木片样品中木质素的含量 ,分析 6种白腐菌对山杨木     

6种白腐菌腐朽后的山杨木材和木质素官能团变化的红外光谱分析

选择火木层孔菌及 5种木材降解能力较强的阔叶树上的白腐菌 :粗毛盖菌、偏肿拟栓菌、三色革裥菌、冬拟多孔菌和血红密孔菌 ,采用国内外红外光谱分析的标准方法 ,用傅里叶红外光谱仪测定未腐朽材木粉和受 6种白腐菌腐朽 12 0d后的腐朽材木粉试样的红外光谱图。刮取未腐朽的山杨木材样品和受 6种白腐菌腐朽 12 0d时的山杨木材样品表层少许 ,在干燥条件下 ,分别放入KBr中 ,磨细 ,压片 ,然后在FTIR光谱仪上进行测定 ,得到经 6种白腐菌降解 12 0d后的木材木粉和未腐朽材木粉其木材和木质素官能团谱峰位置和谱峰相对吸收强度的振动变化状况 ,进而分析腐朽后的山杨木材和木质素官能团的变化情况 ,以作为木材白腐菌对山杨材生物降解机制的进一步研究。结果表明 ,受 6种白腐菌腐朽后的山杨木材和木质素官能团都受到一定程度的降解 ,但各自的变化情况有所不同。对木质素的降解主要是存在于侧链上 ,虽然苯环骨架变化不明显 ,但木质素苯环间的羰基、CH2 结构、紫丁香基和愈疮木基等侧链已部分被降解。从各吸收峰相对吸收强度的变化大小来看 ,血红密孔菌、冬拟多孔菌、三色革裥菌和偏肿拟栓菌对木质素降解的程度大于粗毛盖菌和火木层孔菌对木质素降解的程度     

Nondestructive estimation of wood chemical composition of sections of radial wood strips by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy

The use of calibrated near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for predicting the chemical composition of Pinus taeda L. (loblolly pine) wood samples is investigated. Seventeen P. taeda radial strips, representing seven different sites were selected and NIR spectra were obtained from the radial longitudinal face of each strip. The spectra were obtained in 12.5 mm sections from pre-determined positions that represented juvenile wood (close to pith), transition wood (zone between juvenile and mature wood), and mature wood (close to bark). For these sections, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin (acid soluble and insoluble), arabinan, galactan, glucan, mannan, and xylan contents were determined by standard analytical chemistry methods. Calibrations were developed for each chemical constituent using the NIR spectra, wood chemistry data and partial least squares (PLS) regression. Relationships were variable with the best results being obtained for cellulose, glucan, xylan, mannan, and lignin. Prediction errors were high and may be a consequence of the diverse origins of the samples in the test set. Further research with a larger number of samples is required to determine if prediction errors can be reduced.     

Rapid detection of propiconazole and tebuconazole in wood by solid phase desorption: ion mobility spectrometry

The durability of wood is improved by wood preservatives. Due to new environmental legislation, commonly used active ingredients such as chromium and arsenate are being replaced by alternative and more environmentally friendly preservatives. However, the alternative wood preservatives are more difficult to detect in the wood. Detection of the preservatives is necessary in order to monitor millwork production for qualitative assessment of the wood preservative uptake. The aim of this study is to examine the use of solid phase desorption-ion mobility spectrometry (SPD-IMS) can be used for rapid detection of the wood preservatives propiconazole and tebuconazole in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The findings proved that SPD-IMS is capable of detecting and distinguishing wood preservatives directly from treated wood shavings. SPD-IMS requires no additional sample preparation or extraction of the wood sample. The findings show that SPD-IMS is a fast and easily applied method for direct detection of propiconazole and tebuconazole in small wood samples.