充分认识并切实推进水产技术推广工作

<正> 农业部渔业局张合成副局长在全国水产技术推广工作改革研讨会上的讲话中指出,新的世界性农业科技革命正在兴起,并在深刻改变世界农业的面貌。渔业要可持续发展,要缩小与发达渔业国家的差距,实现传统渔业向现代渔业的跨越,最终必然要依靠渔业科技的进     

新形势下推进江苏水产技术推广工作的建议

近几年来,江苏省水产技术推广系统紧紧围绕海洋与渔业中心工作,稳步推进体系改革与建设,深入实施各类推广项目,加强水生动物疫病防控,注重渔业环境监测与保护,不断强化技术指导与服务,为确保全省水产品质量安全、服务现代渔业建设、促进渔民增收发挥了重要的技术支撑和保障作用。当前,江苏渔业发展已经踏上新的征程。客观分析当前水产技术推广工作面临的形势,既面临着难得的机遇,也面临着严峻的挑战。从有利的方面看,水产技术推广的政策法规体系逐步完善,新修订的《农业技术推广法》和     

浙江省在全国大水面生态渔业发展线上研讨会作典型发言

近日,全国水产技术推广总站举办大水面生态渔业发展线上研讨会,总结交流各地大水面生态渔业工作做法和经验,分析当前我国大水面生态渔业发展面临的形势和任务,研究谋划水产技术推广体系参与推动大水面生态渔业发展的工作思路和举措。来自23个省(区、市)水产技术推广部门相关工作负责同志和有关科研单位专家参加了研讨会。会议邀请了中国科学院水生生物研究所、上海海洋大学等单位的专家作大水面渔业发展辅导报告,浙江等6个省份作典型发言。     

魏宝振站长谈“十二五”水产技术推广事业发展

"十一五"期间,我国各级水产技术推广机构紧紧围绕现代渔业建设的中心任务,不断深化改革,强化公共服务,推进技术创新,加强示范推广,在保障水产品安全有效供给,促进渔业增效、渔民增收,推进现代渔业建设等方面发挥了重要作用。"十二五"时期是我国现代渔业建设的战略机遇期,转变渔业发展方式,推进现代渔业建设对水产技术推广工作提出了更高的要求。"十二五"期间,我国水产技术推广工作面临着怎样的形势?作为新型渔业社会化服务体系的主力军,国家水产技术推广机构的发展思路和目标是什么,主要工作有哪些?如何确保完成任务、实现预期目标?带着这些问题,本刊记者对全国水产技术推广总站魏宝振站长进行了专访。     

全国水产技术推广总站工作座谈会在贵阳召开

<正> 为了深入贯彻中央农村工作会议和全国农业工作会议、全国渔业专业会议精神;研究在新的形势下,特别是加入WTO以后,如何进一步加强水产技术推广体系建设和发挥体系的作用,进一步做好技术推广工作,为渔业健康、持续发展做出新贡献,全国水产技术推广总站于4月18—20日在贵阳市召开了“全国水产技术推广改革工作座谈     

全国水产技术推广工作“十三五”规划

<正>"十三五"时期,是我国全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段,也是大力推进渔业供给侧结构性改革、加快渔业转方式调结构,促进渔业转型升级的关键时期。为明确"十三五"时期水产技术推广工作思路和目标任务,切实提高水产技术推广服务能力和水平,根据《全国渔业发展第十三个五年规划》和《"十三五"渔业科技发展规划》,制定本规划。一、"十二五"水产技术推广工作主要成效"十二五"时期是我国渔业发展历程中具有里程碑意义的五年。渔业成为国     

全力做好水产技术推广工作为我省渔业实现跨越式发展做出贡献

如何加强水产技术推广工作,强化社会公益职能,使"科技兴渔"落到实处,为我省渔业实现跨越式发展提供技术支撑,是今后水产技术推广工作的重要任务和奋斗目标.     

农业部总经济师杨坚强调：立足全局 顺应形势 做好2009年渔业科技入户工作

于近日召开的2008年全国渔业科技入户工作经验交流会上,农业部总经济师杨坚对四年来渔业科技入户工作的成效和经验进行了全面的总结,分析了渔业科技入户工作所面临的问题,阐述了新形势下做渔业科技入户工作的重要意义,指出2009年要立足全局,顺应形势,密切关注,着力解决与渔业科技入户工作相关的几个重大问题。     

技术和制度创新是做好水产技术推广工作的根本动力

<正>创新已成为技术推广工作的主旋律。党和政府对创新技术推广工作提出了新要求;渔业生产发展对创新技术推广工作提出了新任务;农渔民增收对创新技术推广工作寄予了新希望。在科技创新的链条中,技术推广工作的创新一般处于下游环节,但却是组装配套、消化吸收再创新的主体。按照科技与产业需求相结合的技术进步规律进一步分析,技术推广工作创新又是上游环节,是直接紧密反映生产需求的课题平台,是创新实践的基础。抓好技术推广工作的技术创新和制度创新,对促进农渔民增收、促进现代渔业建设、促进渔业又好又快发展具有重要意义。     

黑龙江省水产技术推广工作现状与发展思路

多年来，在渔业发展方针的指导下，水产技术推广工作紧紧围绕渔业工作的重点，在水产养殖技术、养殖模式、优良品种的推广、渔业人员素质的提高等方面做了大量的工作，对渔业经济的持续、稳定和快速发展，对促进水产品产量和渔民收入的增加，对解决“吃鱼难”做出了应有的贡献。实践证明，水产技术推广作为渔业科技发展的重要组成部分，与渔业科技研究与开发创新同样重要，     

六边形开口方形人工鱼礁阻力系数数值模拟与模型试验比较研究

为了对4种不同开口大小的六边形开口方形人工鱼礁在4种迎流角度下数值模拟和水槽模型试验的阻力系数进行对比验证,分别利用水槽模型和数值模拟试验方法对4种不同开口比（γ_ty=0.0625,0.14,0.25,0.39）六边形开口方形人工鱼礁在4种迎流角度（θ=0°,15°,30°,45°）状态下的阻力进行测定,并计算两种方法的阻力系数。结果表明：（1）在数值模拟和水槽模型试验中,人工鱼礁模型阻力均随着开口比的增大而减小;礁体迎流角度的变化可改变礁体阻力,且在4种迎流角度下,人工鱼礁阻力在θ=30°时最大。（2）人工鱼礁数值模拟与水槽模型试验中,当θ为15°、30°和45°时,阻力系数均随着开口比的增加而增加,具有明显的线性关系,且阻力系数在迎流角度θ=30°时最大。（3）数值模拟与模型试验阻力的相对误差在0.12%~17.18%,平均误差7.43%;礁体阻力系数的相对误差在0.03%~14.64%,平均误差5.26%。阻力及阻力系数误差均在20%以下。水槽模型试验与数值模拟阻力和阻力系数相关系数R分别为0.99和0.80,P<0.001,具有极强的相关性。因此,利用数值模拟精细化研究人工鱼礁水动力性能是可行的。     

Trophic relationships between a native and a nonnative predator in a system of natural lakes

Abstract – Bull trout, a species of char listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act, have been displaced from portions of their historic range following the introduction of nonnative lake trout. It has been suggested that competitive exclusion as a result of trophic overlap between bull trout and lake trout may be the causal mechanism associated with displacement of bull trout. This study used stable isotope data to evaluate trophic relationships among native bull trout, nonnative lake trout and other fishes in seven lakes in Glacier National Park (GNP), Montana. Bull trout and lake trout had greater δ¹⁵N values relative to other fishes among lakes (δ¹⁵N ≥ 3.0‰). Lake trout had greater δ¹⁵N values relative to bull trout (δ¹⁵N = +1.0‰). Bull trout had greater δ¹³C values relative to lake trout in six of the seven lakes examined. Although both bull trout and lake trout had greater δ¹⁵N values relative to other fishes within lakes in GNP, differences in δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C between bull trout and lake trout suggest that they are consuming different prey species or similar prey species in different proportions. Therefore, displacement of bull trout as a direct result of complete overlap in food resource use is not anticipated unless diet shifts occur or food resources become limiting. Additionally, future studies should evaluate food habits to identify important prey species and sources of partial dietary overlap between bull trout and lake trout.     

Characterization of a cDNA encoding a homolog of actin-related protein 4 from a marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis

ABSTRACT:   A cDNA ( PyARP4 ) containing an open reading frame for a protein of 573 amino acids was identified in the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis . The conceptual PyARP4 protein exhibits significant similarity to actin-related protein (ARP) 4 in the terrestrial plant Arabidopsis . Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed moderate sequence identity (30%) to a conventional actin in P. yezoensis , as seen in comparisons between ARP and conventional actins of other organisms. A putative bipartite nuclear localization signal and an actin motif were found within the PyARP4 amino acid sequence. In a phylogenetic analysis, the PyARP4 was found to cluster with the ARP4 of other organisms. The expression level of PyARP4 did not change significantly among four developmental stages of life cycle and was lower than that of a conventional actin. This cDNA therefore may serve as a useful internal standard in gene expression analyses of differentially expressed genes in P. yezoensis .     

Habitat characteristics affecting occurrence of a fluvial species in a watershed altered by a large reservoir

Flooding river valleys following construction of dams restrict fluvial environments to reaches that were formerly headwaters. Whether remaining habitat is suitable for all life stages of fluvial species is poorly understood. A fluvial species, Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus, showed a dramatic decline following flooding of the Upper Peace River and the formation of the Williston Reservoir. We related landscape and field site‐specific features with occurrence of juvenile Arctic grayling using an information theoretic approach. For the landscape model, an association was identified between stream order and Arctic grayling occurrence although stream order alone was a poor predictor. A positive association between juvenile Arctic grayling occurrence and distance from the Williston reservoir and stream order, as well as a negative association with water temperature and temperature variance, was deemed important for the field site model. Both modelling approaches indicated size of stream system to be an important influence on occurrence of juvenile grayling in the Williston watershed. River length required for suitable river habitat for salmonids has not previously been identified, but should be factored into future management plans when evaluating the impact of proposed hydroelectric dams and subsequent flooding of river systems.     

山区水库网箱养殖黄颡鱼试验

网箱面积30 m2,底部设饲料托盘。黄颡鱼规格46.3 g/尾,先用动物性饵料驯食1个月,后投喂粗蛋白质量分数38%颗粒饵料。加强管理,药物预防鱼病。黄颡鱼成活率87%,平均规格206 g/尾,平均单产19.6 kg/m2,利润284.8元/m2。     

The potential exceptional role of a small Baltic boulder reef as a solitary habitat in a sea of mud

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The isoelectric point, a key to understanding a variety of biochemical problems: a minireview

We address the importance of the isoelectric point (IEP) of proteins and membrane components such as phospholipids for our understanding and interpretation of isoforms and opposite charge interactions in the formation of complexes. Five examples drawn from the literature are newly approached from the IEP point of view to clarify general principles.     

Acoustic analysis of volume variation in a bag-net within a set-net

An experiment designed to measure the volume variation of a bag-net within a set-net was conducted in Jaran Bay, Kosung, Korea. Three radio-acoustic-linked positioning (RAP) buoys, a time controller with a personal computer and seven pingers were used to measure the volumes of the bags. During the April neap tide, the minimum and maximum volumes of the bag-net were 4173 m³ (at 17.00 h) and 4757 m³ (12.00 h), respectively. The average current directions and speeds were 99.9°, 12.9 cm/s and 104.0°, 2.4 cm/s, respectively. During the spring tide, the minimum and maximum volumes of the bag-net were 2016 m³ (18.30 h) and 4454 m³ (15.00 h), respectively. The average current directions and speeds were 315.6°, 16.1 cm/s and 289.0°, 5.7 cm/s, respectively. The minimum (2016 m³) and maximum (5568 m³) volumes of the bag-net were observed during the period when the spring tide changed to the neap tide.