汽车ABS和ABS控制过程仿真研究

阐述了ABS(防抱死制动系统)的基本结构、原理和控制特点,描述了通用的ABS模型以及在仿真中用到的模型参数.对ABS模型在不同附着系数路面上的制动过程进行了仿真和试验比较,还运用ABS模型,得出了直线制动和转弯制动两种工况下的ABS作用效果的仿真结果.     

复杂路面农用车辆制动防抱死系统仿真研究

分析了农用车辆使用制动防抱死系统的可行性,研究了复杂路面农用车辆制动防抱死系统仿真模型和仿真试验控制问题,建立了1/3农用三轮车制动动力学模型、复杂路面附着条件模型、农用三轮车仿真模型和复杂路面仿真模型,提出了两种制动工况下的仿真试验方法,准确模拟出农用车辆在复杂路面制动时车速与轮速曲线变化情况,验证了复杂路面ABS控制的有效性。     

汽车制动轨迹的仿真分析

本文在汽车制动时的整车力学模型、轮胎数学模型和制动器数学模型的基础上,建立了汽车制动时的数学模型,并通过Matlab／Simulink进行仿真。结合汽车在实际制动时的制动轨迹与仿真结果进行对比,验证所搭建模型的准确性,从而为汽车制动稳定性的检测提供理论依据。     

考虑制动反应时间的汽车安全距离研究

汽车安全距离模型中驾驶员制动反应时间是一个重要参数,该参数的大小变化会影响到汽车制动时的安全距离。针对目前该参数多采用固定值的不足,文中提出采用模糊控制原理的方法来控制驾驶员反应时间,通过建立仿真模型进行仿真,仿真结果表明,采用该方法得出的驾驶员制动反应时间更符合驾驶员的个体差异,并且汽车防撞安全距离随制动反应时间的变化而变化。     

基于Simulink农用车辆ABS滑移率控制分析

针对滑移率与不同路面附着系数关系对各种路面制动工况进行分析研究,以完善全工况类型路面农用车辆防抱制动系统仿真内容为目的,设计滑移率为控制门限值的复杂路面制动仿真试验。利用MATLAB/Simu-link仿真软件,建立了滑移率模型、复杂路面模型、滑移率控制策略模型和复杂路面仿真模型。通过设定控制滑移率门限值得到单轮农用车辆附着系数交变制动时车速与轮速曲线变化情况。滑移率变化值处在最佳滑移率预定范围内,仿真试验验证了复杂路面车辆防抱制动系统滑移率控制的可靠性。     

汽车ABS和ABS控制过程仿真研究

阐述了ABS（防抱死制动系统）的基本结构、原理和控制特点，描述了通用的ABS模型以及在仿真中用到的模型参数。对ABS模型在不同附着系数路面上的制动过程进行了仿真和试验比较，还运用ABS模型，得出了直线制动和转弯制动两种工况下的ABS作用效果的仿真结果。     

四轮农用车辆主动空气阻力制动系统研究

针对四轮农用车辆防抱制动时地面制动力存在极限值无法更有效地缩减制动距离的问题,提出了新型车辆主动空气阻力制动(ABS&APB)系统,分析其工作原理并进行控制模型基础仿真研究;阐述主动空气阻力制动系统理论可行性,依据压缩空气喷气助力原理的反作用应用于车辆制动系统,利用Simulink建立新型四轮农用车辆制动系统动力学模型和APB仿真模型;设计了仿真试验,对比实施APB控制的车速与轮速曲线。结果表明,APB控制达到缩减制动距离和制动时间的目的。     

EBD四轮车辆的ADAMS建模与仿真

研究了具有EBD功能的四轮车辆制动过程;根据Jetta-GTX轿车的数据,采用ADAMS/View建立了四轮车辆的车体模型、轮胎模型和路面状况模型。仿真车辆制动时,EBD系统的控制作用改善了汽车制动时的方向稳定性和转向操作能力,为EBD系统的进一步开发提供依据。     

车辆转弯制动防抱死系统仿真

充分考虑车辆转弯制动时车轮法向载荷以及回正力矩的影响,建立了汽车弯道行驶的8自由度整车模型。用该模型对车辆转弯制动时的车速与轮速的变化、车轮滑移率的变化进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果与试验结果较为吻合,表明该模型是正确的。     

鼓式制动器三维热—机耦合温度场仿真

通过对鼓式制动器惯性制动时蹄鼓摩擦接触状态分析,考虑接触副摩擦因数温度特性,以EQ1208车后桥鼓式制动器为例,对建立的鼓式制动器热-机耦合三维有限元模型进行了惯性制动工况数值仿真,得到了鼓式制动器耦合瞬态温度场仿真结果.A测试点温升试验结果与仿真结果对比,两者变化趋势相同,且吻合较好.对在惯性制动工况下的鼓式制动器温升主要影响因素(车速和道路坡度)进行了仿真分析.     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

农村剩余劳动力就业问题的探讨

论述了我国农村剩余劳动力就业的意义，并针对我国农村剩余劳动力的现状，提出多渠道促进农村剩余劳动力就业的途径和办法。     

车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究

研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

乡（镇）农业技术推广体系存在的问题及对策

乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。     

草莓的采收与贮藏

草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。