增强型杨木单板层积材力学性能分析

采用玻璃纤维布与碳纤维布复合材料及分步热压法增强杨木单板层积材,研究了玻璃纤维布与碳纤维布复合材料的铺设位置及分步热压法对杨木单板层积材力学性能的影响.结果表明:两种增强方式对杨木单板层积材静曲强度(MOR)和弹性模量(MOE)的增强效果均较明显;采用对称铺设相同的增强材料时,铺设位置靠近杨木单板层积材表层时对MOR和MOE等力学性能的增强效果较铺设在靠近芯层时的增强效果明显;采用分步热压法可以明显改善单板层积材水平剪切强度.     

密实型杨木单板层积材制造技术

介绍了单板层积材、密实型单板层积材在国内外的研究和利用概况.探讨了采用低分子量酚醛树脂浸渍处理杨木单板的方法制备杨木单板层积材的生产技术.结果表明:施胶量相当时,浸渍方式与涂胶方式生产的单板层积材相比,密度相当,吸水厚度膨胀(24hTS)降低了24%,胶合强度提高了:16%,弹性模量(MOE)和静曲强度(MOR)分别提高了20.17%和44.76%.采用浸渍树脂方式生产的密实型强化杨木单板层积材随着吸药量的增多,密度增大;24hTS减小;胶合强度随着吸药量的增加先增大而后趋于平稳;MOE和MOR先增大后减小.当吸药量为168%时,MOE、MOR达到最大,分别为15.34GPa和135.31 MPa.密实型强化单板层积材能够满足建筑和木结构等结构材要求,具有良好的发展空间.     

不同因素对竹/木复合强化单板层积材MOE、MOR的影响

以杨木单板和竹帘为原料,采用低分子量水溶性酚醛树脂浸渍处理,通过干燥、组坯、热压等工艺制备竹木复合强化单板层积材。探讨了组坯方式、压缩率、热压温度、热压时间4个因素对竹木复合强化单板层积材弹性模量(MOE)和静曲强度(MOR)的影响。结果表明:表层为一层竹帘的竹木复合强化单板层积材的MOE和MOR较大,分别是13．43GPa、148．13MPa,与表层为杨木单板次表层为竹帘组坯方式相比分别增加了33．63％、56．16％。确定了竹木复合强化单板层积材较合理的制造工艺参数。     

竹木复合单板层积材制备工艺

以浸渍酚醛树脂的杨木单板和竹帘为原料制备竹木复合单板层积材, 探讨制造工艺对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,竹木复合材料的MOE及MOR均达到或超过了日本JAS标准的相关规定,尺寸稳定性良好; 单板厚度、树脂浓度、压缩率对MOE和MOR有显著影响;组坏方式对MOR影响显著;而吸水厚度膨胀率的影响作用比较复杂.     

低分子量PF型杨木单板层积材静曲强度影响因子

采用低分子量酚醛树脂制备杨木单板层积材,对该产品的静曲强度影响因子进行分析。结果表明:PF树脂的浓度和单板的压缩率对低分子量PF型杨木单板层积材的静曲强度影响显著;酚醛树脂浸渍杨木单板后提升了单板本身的MOR,这对增强杨木单板层积材的MOR起到了促进作用;MOR平均值随着压缩率的增加而提高,25%和35%两个压缩率水平对MOR平均值的影响差别很大,而15%和25%两个压缩率水平对MOR平均值的影响差别较小。     

浸渍塑化玻纤复合杨木单板对LVL力学性能的影响

将玻璃纤维以玻璃纤维线的形态植入到杨木单板中,并对其进行高温塑化处理,探究浸渍塑化后玻纤复合杨木单板对单板层积材(LVL)力学性能的影响。结果表明:浸渍塑化后的玻纤复合杨木单板能够明显提高单板层积材的弹性模量、静曲强度、表面硬度以及冲击韧性。     

酚醛树脂浸渍处理对杉木单板层积材性能的影响

采用自制低分子量酚醛树脂浸渍处理杉木单板,探讨了浸渍处理工艺对其增重率和单板层积材性能的影响,研究结果表明在常温常压和加压条件下,增重率均随浸渍时间的延长而增加,随着增重率的增大,板材密度逐渐增大,吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)逐渐降低,静曲强度(MOR)和弹性模量(MOE)先增大后减小.干增重率52.5％时,MOR和MOE达到最大,分别为51.19MPa和10 886MPa,MOR达到了GB/T 20241-2006《单板层积材》120E优级,MOE达到了100E级.鉴于产品质量和生产成本,建议采用浸胶法生产杉木单板层积材时,干增重率控制在50％左右,湿增重率控制在160％左右.     

浸渍时间和压缩率对PF树脂浸渍马尾松LVL性能的影响

采用低分子量酚醛树脂浸渍处理小径级马尾松单板,探讨常温常压下不同浸渍时间及不同压缩率对马尾松单板层积材物理力学性能的影响。结果表明：常温常压下,马尾松单板随着浸渍时间(8 h、14 h、26 h)的延长,其干湿增重率都呈增长趋势;压缩率(10%、20%、25%)的增加均能提高LVL的密度、尺寸稳定性、MOE和MOR。参考GB/T 20241-2006《单板层积材》,3种不同浸渍时间和不同压缩率下生产的LVL,MOR都达到了180E优级,MOE最低达到120E级,最高可达180E级。     

热压工艺对密实型杉木单板层积材力学性能的影响

以自制低分子量酚醛树脂为胶黏剂,采用热压工艺对杉木单板进行密实化试验,研究干燥温度、压缩率、热压温度和热压时间对密实型杉木单板层积材力学性能的影响.结果表明:压缩率对层积材力学性能影响最大,其次是干燥温度、热压温度和热压时间;随着压缩率和热压温度的提高,板材的MOE、MOR都有不同程度的提高;随着干燥温度的提升和热压时间的延长,板材的MOE、MOR都呈先增大后减小的趋势;综合考虑,确定密实型杉木单板层积材的最佳热压工艺为:干燥温度60℃、压缩率35％、热压温度145℃、热压时间1.0 min/mm,在此热压工艺条件下制得的板材,其MOE和MOR分别达到了GB/T 20241-2006《单板层积材》120E级和180E优级.     

响应面法在桉木LVL生产中的应用

采用响应面法（RSM）,研究了单板厚度和涂胶量对桉木单板层积材（L、几）力学性能的影响。结果表明：单板厚度和涂胶量对桉木LVL的垂直加载和平行加载条件下的静曲强度（MOR┷、MOR／／）和弹性模量（MOE┷、／dOE／／）有显著影响。实验值与预测值的决定系数为0．72,0．79,0．59,0．69。本研究所获最佳工艺条件为：单板厚度2．0啪,涂胶量233g·m＾-2在此工艺条件下压制的桉木单板层积材垂直加载条件下的静曲强度（MORJ和弹性模量（MOE上）分别为85MPa与15118MPa,平行加载条件下的静曲强度（MOR／／）和弹性模量（MOE／／）分别为87MPa与15288MPa,回归模型的预测值与实验值的相对误差最大为9％,最小为3％。实验产品的MOR和MOE分别达到结构用单板层积材国家标准的优等品和140E级别。     

Estimation of the internal shear strength distribution of the element for laminated veneer lumber by nonlinear least-squares method

Until now we developed an estimation method for strength distributions of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) element by nonlinear least-squares method (NLM). Estimated strengths by this method were modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) in the horizontal use direction and the vertical use direction, tensile strength and compression strength. But to use LVL for structural members, shear strength was also needed. Therefore, we tried to estimate the shear strength distribution of LVL element by NLM same as MOE and MOR in the horizontal use direction and the vertical use direction, the tensile strength of LVL and the compression strength of LVL in the previous reports. We conducted shear strength test for LVL and estimated element shear strength distribution by LVL strength data in the horizontal and vertical use direction. Next, we simulated LVL shear strength distribution using element shear strength distribution and compared with experimental ones in each use direction. They were overlapped in both use direction. Therefore, we could validate NLM for estimating element shear strength distribution.     

桉木单板层积材生产工艺的优化

采用响应面法(RSM)和中心组合旋转设计(CCRD),研究了桉树单板层积材(LVL)的生产工艺条件,并对优化工艺所得的预测值进行了实验验证。方差分析结果表明:面粉添加量对桉木LVL的静曲强度(MOR)和弹性模量(MOE)有着显著影响,而热压温度和热压时间的影响不显著。通过回归分析,建立了相应的回归模型。回归模型的预测值与实验值的拟合良好,说明回归方程能用来预测和优化桉木LVL的力学强度性能。最佳工艺条件为:热压温度130℃,热压时间1.5 min/mm,面粉添加量5%(质量分数)。在此工艺条件下压制的桉木LVL垂直加载条件下的静曲强度(MOR⊥)和弹性模量(MOE⊥)分别为89 MPa和16 722 MPa,平行加载条件下的静曲强度(MOR∥)和弹性模量(MOE∥)分别为88 MPa和15 067 MPa,MOR和MOE分别达到了结构用单板层积材国家标准的优等品和140E级别。     

Performance of samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) LVL based on veneer thickness,juvenile proportion and lay-up

ABSTRACT

A study to determine the quality of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) from samama wood (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) was carried out. Samama is a fast-growing endemic wood in eastern Indonesia. Factorial of three factors in RAL design was used to investigate the influence of veneer thickness, juvenile proportion and veneer lay-up to the quality of the resulted samama LVL. The veneer thicknesses were 1.5 and 3.0?mm. Juvenile proportions were arranged in five levels, which were 100% of juvenile veneer, 100% of mature veneer and combination of both juvenile and mature with juvenile proportion of 14%, 43% and 71%. Two veneer lay-up used in this study were loose side met loose side and tight side met loose side. The result of the study showed various specific gravity of LVL by different proportions of juvenile. This factor also affected the other physical traits. Shear strength of the LVL was equal to the solid wood, yet MOE and MOR were affected by juvenile proportion and veneer lay-up. LVL developed from 100% of mature veneer exhibited the highest MOE and MOR, yet no significant difference was noted in MOE and MOR between LVL 100% of juvenile and other tested juvenile proportions.     

Flexural and visual characteristics of fibre-managed plantation Eucalyptus globulus timber

ABSTRACT

The main goal of this study was to investigate the visual characteristics, recovery rate, and flexural properties of sawn boards from a fibre-managed plantation Eucalyptus globulus resource as a potential raw material for structural building applications. The impacts of the visual characteristics, strength-reducing features, and variation in basic density and moisture content on the bending modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the boards were investigated. The reliabilities of different non-destructive methods in predicting MOE and MOR of the boards were evaluated, including log acoustic wave velocity measurement and numerical modellings. The MOE and MOR of the boards were significantly affected by the slope of grain, percentage of clear wood, and total number of knots in the loading zone of the boards. The normal variation in basic density significantly influenced the MOE of the boards while its effect on the MOR was insignificant. The numerical models developed using the artificial neural network (ANN) showed better accuracies in predicting the MOE and MOR of the boards than traditional multi-regression modelling and log acoustic wave velocity measurement. The ANN models developed in this study showed more than 78.5% and 79.9% success in predicting the adjusted MOE and MOR of the boards, respectively.     

半干法石膏纤维板工艺研究：Ⅱ.搅拌和铺装均匀性因素分析

石膏和纤维的搅拌和铺装的均匀性对石膏纤维板质量影响很大。试验表明，所采用的搅拌机和铺装机性能良好，搅拌和铺装质量较好，铺装机料仓中料高影响板坯密度的均匀性，料高与板坯密度呈很强的一元线性关系；板密度与ＭＯＲ、ＭＯＥ有较好的一元线性关系，但与ＩＢ线性关系相对较差，板密度增加，ＭＯＲ、ＭＯＥ和ＩＢ也增加。     

结构胶合板几种力学检测方法的探讨

在不同加荷、不同跨距和不同加荷头数量的检测方法下,对杨木结构胶合板的静曲强度和弹性模量进行检测,比较3种方法对应测试结果的可互换性。对结果的分析表明,3种条件下测试的静曲强度值存在明显的相关性,说明试验设定的3种检测方法可以互换;而弹性模量的对比结果则差异显著,相关性较低,表明3种检测方法不存在替代性。