鸡新城疫病毒与传染性支气管炎病毒同胚培养的试验研究

将鸡新城疫病毒（NDV）和鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）按一定的稀释比例等量混合接种9~10日龄SPF鸡胚,让其在同一鸡胚中增殖（简称同胚培养）。试验结果表明,用5倍稀释的ND-Lasota病毒液与 5000倍稀释的IBH₁₂₀病毒液等体积混合后尿囊腔接种鸡胚,能在同一鸡胚中正常增殖,接种后96 h收毒,用红细胞凝集试验（HA）测得NDV、IBV两种病毒的血凝价分别为11 log2和12 log2,不低于各自病毒单独增殖的HA滴度,病毒的增殖基本趋于平衡。同时也证实了在合适的培养条件下,IBV对NDV的复制不会产生干扰。     

鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎病毒同胚接种试验

通过对五个批次的无特定病原体(SPF)鸡胚进行鸡新城疫病毒（NDV）、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）同胚接种,收获72～120 h死胚及120 h活胚尿囊液,分别测定NDV和IBV的病毒含量,结果表明NDV病毒含量达到了108.3～108.7EID50/0.1mL, IBV的病毒含量达到了106.3～106.5EID50/0.1mL。两种病毒含量均达到《中华人民共和国兽用生物制品制造及检验规程》（2000版）中鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎二联活疫苗病毒含量要求的标准。表明该方法即可降低成本,又简化了生产工艺。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与新城疫病毒增殖作用及免疫干扰的研究

试验旨在观察鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（infectious bronchitis virus,IBV）和鸡新城疫病毒（newcastle disease virus,NDV）之间的增殖干扰现象,分析在免疫过程中两种疫苗存在的免疫干扰,为确定疫苗的免疫程序提供依据。采用完全随机试验设计,选取10日龄鸡胚尿囊腔接种不同浓度的IBV、NDV以及不同浓度混合的IBV和NDV,收集尿囊液测定其血凝效价（HA）;用不同浓度的IBV、NDV以及不同浓度混合的IBV和NDV分别免疫BALB/c小鼠及SPF雏鸡,收集血清,间接酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和血凝抑制（HI）试验测定IBV和NDV的抗体效价及抑制效价。结果表明,同胚培养时,无论先接种IBV后接种NDV还是先接种NDV后接种IBV或IBV和NDV同时接种,IBV对NDV均有干扰作用,而NDV对IBV没有干扰作用;接种IBV和NDV的小鼠,其产生IBV和NDV的抗体效价均低于单独免疫组,免疫的次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV的抗体效价均有影响,IBV对NDV的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用。不同针混合免疫方式能提高IBV和NDV的抗体效价;接种IBV和NDV的雏鸡,免疫次序及免疫相隔时间对IBV和NDV的抗体效价均有影响,IBV对NDV的免疫效果具有较大的干扰作用;雏鸡和小鼠免疫血清HI试验数据表明,免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV抗体的产生均有影响,但对NDV抗体的产生影响更明显,随着免疫间隔时间的增加,IBV和NDV的抗体水平呈增加趋势,雏鸡比小鼠更能敏感地反映出IBV对NDV的免疫干扰作用。混合注射时IBV和NDV的抗体水平均降低,IBV对NDV的免疫效果有干扰作用。因此,在同胚培养、小鼠及雏鸡的免疫中,IBV对NDV有干扰作用,而NDV对IBV无干扰作用。混合接种时IBV和NDV抗体效价均下降,IBV对NDV的免疫效果有干扰作用。免疫次序及免疫间隔时间对IBV和NDV抗体的产生均有影响,但随着免疫间隔的增加,IBV和NDV的抗体水平呈增加趋势。     

不同鸡传染性支气管炎疫苗毒株对新城疫La Sota株的增殖干扰试验

为观察IBV不同疫苗毒株H120、H52、4/91、28/86、Ma5及W93株对NDV增殖的干扰作用,采用不同浓度的IBV疫苗毒株与NDV La Sot a毒株分别按不同顺序接种,同胚增殖。利用血凝试验(HA)测定NDV效价,以判断IBV对NDV的干扰作用,为同胚增殖两种病毒提供参考数据。试验结果表明,IBV不同疫苗毒株能干扰NDV La Sot a增殖,干扰作用与其接种顺序、接种浓度及收毒时间有关。     

通过鸡新城疫La Sota株的干扰作用鉴定传染性支气管炎病毒

传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)干扰鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)在鸡胚上的生长现象已被作为一种诊断传染性支气管炎的方法。用IBV—NDV干扰试验对十五株来自疑为传染性支气管炎鸡群的病毒进行分析:接种IBV10小时后再接种NDV La Sota毒株,后通过血凝(HA)试验测定,有八株能干扰La Sota在鸡胚上的生长。 IBV这种干扰作用具有特异性,因为它可被相应的IBV抗血清所抑制。此种方法证明干扰作用是敏感的。在一些IBV继代代数少的情况下、虽然IBV不引起鸡胚产生病变,但可干扰NDV的HA活性。此外,血清学反应IBV阴性的样品不能干扰NDV在鸡胚上的生长。从以上情况看,对于分离IBV野毒来说,IBV—NDV干扰试验显然是一种改进的诊断方法。     

不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与鸡新城疫病毒接种鸡胚联合 …

本实验目的在于探讨不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒和鸡新城疫病毒混合接种同一鸡胚尿囊腔培养时二者之间的相互作用,分别将按２００倍,５００倍,１０００倍不同浓度稀释的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒Ｆ３株,肾型Ｊ株,Ｈ１２０,２８／８６株,Ｈ５２和Ｈ１２０株的１００倍稀释的Ｌａｓｏｔａ鸡新城疫病毒联合接种到１０日龄鸡胚尿囊腔,同时设单独培养作城疫病毒效价。结果表明,鸡新城疫病毒对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒增殖无明显促进作     

不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒与鸡新城疫病毒接种鸡胚联合培养相互作用研究

本实验目的在于探讨不同毒株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒和鸡新城疫病毒混合接种同一鸡胚尿囊腔培养时二者之间的相互作用。分别将按２００倍、５００倍、１０００倍不同浓度稀释的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒Ｆ３株、肾型Ｊ株、Ｈ１２０２８／８６株,Ｈ５２和Ｈ１２０株和１００倍稀释的Ｌａｓｏｔａ鸡新城疫病毒联合接种到１０日龄鸡胚尿囊腔,同时设单独培养作对照,９６小时后收取尿囊液,用对流免疫电泳法检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒效价,用血球凝集试验检测尿囊液鸡新城疫病毒效价。结果表明,鸡新城疫病毒对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒增殖无明显促进作用,但无抑制现象;鸡传染性支气管炎病毒浓度过大时,对鸡新城疫病毒有一定抑制作用,在适当浓度时二者之间无干扰作用。以ＮＤＶ１００倍ＩＢＶ１０００倍稀释混合作用后联合接种培养对二者效价均无明显干扰,ＮＤＶ血凝效价可达１１ｌｏｇ２,ＩＢＶ对流免疫电泳沉淀效价可达９ｌｏｇ２,效果最佳。联合培养省时、省力、节约鸡胚损耗。     

一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的鉴定及S1基因序列分析

将分离到的一株疑似鸡传染性支气管炎病毒接种SPF鸡胚增殖,通过致鸡胚矮小化试验、红细胞凝集试验、对新城疫病毒增殖干扰试验、动物回归试验及RT-PCR分子鉴定,结果证实该病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)。应用MEGA5分析软件,与Gen Bank上IBV常见疫苗株、流行毒株和部分参考株进行序列比对,其S1基因序列与近年来我国流行毒株同源性较高,为95%~99%,与传统疫苗株H120、H52、M41和W93同源性较低,仅为77%~79%。     

传染性支气管炎病毒分离株的生物学特性鉴定及其遗传变异分析

通过鸡胚矮小试验、鸡胚气管环组织培养试验、干扰新城疫病毒复制试验和动物回归试验,将2006-2007年在江苏省分离的7株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）鉴定为嗜肾型毒株。采用RT-PCR扩增IBV分离株的S1基因,并进行克隆和序列分析。结果显示7个IBV分离株S1基因的核苷酸同源性为94．6％-99．4％,处于同一个群,分别属于3个亚群。这些毒株与大多数国内近年分离株的同源性较高,而与Massachusetts、T、4／91和793B血清型毒株（包括H120和H52疫苗毒株）的同源性较低。IBV流行毒株和疫苗毒株的差异是造成免疫鸡群发生传染性支气管炎的重要原因。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒SC0812株的分离鉴定

通过鸡胚矮小试验、血凝性试验、鸡胚气管环组织培养试验、干扰新城疫病毒复制试验、RT-PCR和动物回归试验,将四川隆生分离的病毒鉴定为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),并命名为SC0812株。     

Study on the Effect of Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Newcastle Disease Virus on Proliferation and Immune Interference

This experiment aimed to investigate the proliferation interference effects of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV),analyze the immune interference of two vaccines in the immune process,and provide a basis for determining vaccine immune program.This experiment was in a complete randomized design,10-day-old allantoic cavity of the chick embryo was inoculated with different concentrations of IBV and NDV and with a mixture of different concentrations of IBV and NDV,and then the allantoic fluid was collected for determination of the titer of hemagglutination (HA).Furthermore,BALB/c mice and SPF chicken were immunized with different concentrations of IBV and NDV and also with the mixed IBV and NDV with different concentrations,the blood of mice and chicken were collected,and antibody titer and inhibitory titer of IBV and NDV were determined by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test.Experimental results showed that in the homeomorphic cultivation research,whether IBV and NDV were inoculated in a different order or inoculated at the same time,the inoculation of IBV behaved interference to the NDV,while the inoculation of NDV had no interference effects to IBV;Mice were inoculated with IBV and NDV,IBV and NDV antibody titers were lower than single immunized group,immune procedures and immune intervals often had effect on the titer of IBV and NDV antibody,IBV had interference on the immune effect of NDV,different needle mixed immunization can improve the antibody titer of IBV and NDV.In the group of SPF chicken inoculated with IBV and NDV,the order of the inoculation and the immune interval had effect on the titer of IBV and NDV antibody,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV;In the immune serum inhibitory test,the data showed that the IBV and NDV antibody production were affected by the immune order of the inoculation and the interval,the effect on the NDV antibody was more obvious,but with the increase of the immune interval,the antibody level of IBV and NDV showed an increasing trend,the chicken was more sensitive than the mice to reflect the immune interference of IBV on NDV.IBVand NDV antibodies titer was also reduced in the groups that was inoculated with the mixed IBV and NDV,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV.In the homeomorphic cultivation research and animal research,IBV behaved interference to the NDV,while NDV had no interference effects to IBV.IBV and NDV antibody titers decreased when mixed immunization,IBV had a interference on the immune effect of NDV.The order of the inoculation and the immune interval had effect on the antibody titer of IBV and NDV,but with the increase of the immune interval,the antibody level of IBV and NDV showed an increasing trend.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒HN99株血清学和免疫学特性的研究

在鸡胚肾细胞上对HN₉₉株病毒进行了克隆纯化，经检测无外源病原污染。应用血清交叉中和试验确定了IBV HN₉₉株的血清型，并用免疫保护试验进行了验证，结果证明HN₉₉株与T株属同一血清型，与TJ、SD、湖北等地方分离株有一定的相关性。不同免疫剂量的效力试验结果表明用0.2 ml剂量的HN₉₉灭活苗接种试验鸡，能够对HN₉₉攻毒提供100%的保护，证明HN₉₉株具有良好的免疫原性。     

In ovo interference of embryo non-lethal avian infectious bronchitis viruses (IBV) with velogenic Newcastle disease virus and embryo adapted IBV

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) interfered with the lethal effects of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and embryo adapted IBV in eggs previously inoculated with non-lethal IBV. Greater interference was noted in eggs superinfected with embryo adapted IBV than velogenic NDV. The interference could be eliminated by treating the initial IBV with homologous anti-IBV serum.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)干扰新城疫病毒(NDV)增殖现象的研究

ＩＢＶ毒株Ｈ１２０、Ｈ５２、ＭＡ５对ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ的干扰实验证明ＩＢＶ特异性干扰ＮＤＶ增殖。１）采取不同顺序的同胚接种法：ＩＢＶ接种之后再接种ＮＤＶ;或ＮＤＶ接种之后再接种ＩＢＶ,及ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ同时接种,ＩＢＶ均干扰ＮＤＶ的增殖。２）ＮＤＶ接种３６小时之内,干扰现象最为明显,Ｈ１２０,Ｈ５２的干扰能力稍强于ＭＡ５。３）ＮＤＶ血清中和实验结果显示,不同顺序同胚接种ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ时,ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ不影响ＩＢＶ的增殖能力。同胚增殖ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ的关键是控制ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ的接毒量及选择合适的收毒时间。     

Identification of field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by interference with the La Sota of strain of Newcastle disease virus

The interference phenomenon of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) with growth of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in embryonating chicken eggs (ECE) was used as a diagnostic method. Fifteen field isolates obtained from presumptively infectious-bronchitis-affected chickens were analyzed by the IBV-NDV interference test. Eight isolates were capable of interfering with the growth of the La Sota strain of NDV, as measured by hemagglutination (HA) activity when IBV was inoculated 10 hr before NDV into ECE. The interference was considered specific for IBV, because it could be eliminated by adding homologous anti-IBV serum. The sensibility of this method could be demonstrated, because in some cases low-passage levels of IBV isolates showing HA interference ability were not capable of producing lesions in ECE. Furthermore, serologically negative IBV samples did not interfere with NDV growth. From these results, the IBV-NDV interference test appears to be a potential diagnostic alternative for identifying IBV field isolates.     

应用多重反转录-聚合酶链反应检测鸡新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒的研究

本文建立了一种同时检测NDV和IBV二种病原体的多重PCR技术。根据NDV和IBV的基因文库 ,设计了两对分别与NDV和IBV某段基因序列互补的引物 ,用这两对引物对同一样品中NDV和IBVRNA模板进行多重RT_PCR扩增 ,结果均同时得到了两条特异性的大小与实验设计相符的 31 0bp(NDV)和 1 72 0bp(IBV)多重的RT_PCR扩增带 ,而对其他 6种禽病病原的PCR扩增结果均为阴性 ;敏感性测定结果表明 ,该多重RT_PCR技术能同时检出 1 0pg的NDV和 1 0 0pg的IBVRNA模板。     

巢式PCR快速鉴定鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的研究

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）经鸡胚增殖后,直接用尿囊液提取ＲＮＡ后反转录成ｃＤＮＡ,用ＩＢＶ基因３’端的ＵＴＲ１－／ＵＴＲ２＋和ＵＴＲ３－／ＵＴＲ４＋两对引物进行巢式ＰＣＲ,所检测的４个ＩＢＶ标准参考株和１６个ＩＢＶ野毒株均得到了预期的１７４ｂｐ大小的片段,而鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）,鸡传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）及正常鸡胚尿囊液经同样处理没有可见片段出现。本试验不需纯化册毒只需０５ｍｌ病毒尿囊液即可在２４小时内得到准确的试验结果。这表明与其它ＩＢＶ鉴定方法相比,该法具有快速、灵敏、特异的优点。     

Use of a constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization technique for the detection and quantification of infectious bronchitis virus antibodies

A constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test (CVMNT) for avian infectious bronchits virus (IBV) was evaluated for both reliability and repeatability. The virus used in the assay was a chick kidney (CK) cell-adapted strain, the Beaudette strain (IBV 42). Sera tested were from 24-week-old broiler-breeder chickens that had been vaccinated 3 times from a combination vaccine of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and IBV. Test results were not repeatable or comparable when the same sera were tested on different days, but test results were repeatable and comparable when the sera were tested on the same day. Differences in virus titer at the different times that tests were performed appeared to cause the variation in test results. A comparison was made between the CVMNT and a constant-serum diluting-virus microneutralization test (CSMNT). The CVMNT was able to detect differences in flock antibody titers that the CSMNT could not.