杉木材积式对不同立地杉立木材积估测效果研究

杉木〔Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb)Hook〕分布面积宽广,遍及我国整个亚热带地区,是我国的主要用材树种。铜仁地区气候温和、雨量充沛,是杉木的适宜产区。本文旨在通过对铜仁地区不同立地条件实生杉木近、成熟林林分中调查的44株解析木资料进行系列材积式回归模型计算,并与贵州省杉木一元材积式及部颁杉木二元材积式等进行不同立地条件下的杉木材积估测精度比较,探讨各类材积式对不同立地范围内杉立木材积估测精度的影响,为因地制宜利用材积式估测杉立木材积,提高资源蓄积调查统计精度提供依据。     

直干大叶相思二元材积与生长率模型研究

为丰富树种二元材积方程和材积生长率方程,以直干型大叶相思为对象,分别选取6个二元材积备选模型和6个材积生长率备选模型,采用差分演化算法(DEA)求解模型参数,选用相关系数R、决定系数R²、均方差RMSE、卡方系数ChiSquare、F统计量进行精度评价,并采用交叉建模和交叉检验方式进行建模。结果表明,最优的直干大叶相思二元材积方程为山本式模型,R²值为0.960 4、RMSE值为0.000 27;基于山本式的模型改进后,建立的直干大叶相思二元材积方程为V=0.012 423 16d^{-12.920 195 63/d}h^{1.642 516 27},R²值为0.992 1,精度提高了3.30%;材积生长率模型的拟合精度RMSE值在[0.008 3,10.994 9],R²值在[0.865 5,0.972 6],但出现各指标对模型精度的优劣排序不一致的问题;利用TOPSIS法遴选出的最优材积生长率模型为1/Pv=-0.065 917 19+0.132 412 82/t...     

闽东杉木人工林材积生长率表的编制

应用闽东地区杉木人工林树干解析木每个龄阶的相邻材积值作为1株样木的2次观测值,按复利公式计算生长率;选择年龄、胸径为辅助变量,采用回归分析方法,建立一元和二元材积生长率数学模型,据以编制材积生长率表。     

木荷二元材积表的研制

利用样木资料,以胸径D、树高H为自变量,材积V为因变量,在多种二元材积模型筛选的基础上,选择山本公式建立木荷二元材积模型并用改进单纯形法进行优化,由此求得木荷二元材积模型为:V=0.00006801D1.865613H0.918129。该模型理论值和实际值差异不显著,实际应用误差小,精度高,完全能够满足生产上的精度要求,可在森林资源清查中推广应用。     

盗伐、滥伐林木材积测定(之一)

盗伐、滥伐林木材积涉及案件的性质和处罚。用1株伐倒木资料，分别立木状态、伐倒木状态计算其材积。为保证材积测定准确，当盗伐、滥伐林木呈伐倒木状态，且数量少时，宜采用中央断面区分求积式、牛顿区分求积式或二元材积表测定材积。     

杉木人工林二元材种出材率表的编制

用一致性削度方程 d~2=4/πVL~(B-1)·B/H~B 和一致性材积比方程 v′/V=1-(1-h/H)~B 编制杉木人工林单株木二元材种出材率表,该表经过检验证明适用,符合精度要求。     

V=(π/4)10~(-4)[(D-1)~2(H 3)]~b材积方程的研究

一、材积方程的建立二元材积方程的误差是由干形决定,而干形又与树高的关系最为密切,因此林昌庚同志提出了实验形数,使材积方程中的形数固定。在新建的二元材积方程中,取实验形数树高修正值(H 3)。又经过试验发现,树高2米处的直径与胸高直径有d_(2.0)=a bd_(1.3)关系,而参数a≈—1,b≈1。因为d_(2.0)=b(a/b d_(1.3)),所以d_(2.0)=(d_(1.3)—1)。当取(d_(1.3)—1)为公式中的直径时,则可视为树高2米处的直径。于是获得新二元材积方程: V=(π/4)10~(-4)[(D-1)~2(H 3)]~b式中直径的单位为厘米,树高单位为米。     

短轮伐期桉树人工林个体林木特征研究

利用广东高要和广西扶绥两地14个2~10年生桉树林分样地共287株样木,研究短轮伐期桉树人工林个体林木特征指标,并比较现有广西良种桉二元带皮和去皮材积公式估算个体林木材积的准确性,分析不同年龄、林分和径阶林木的出材率。结果表明:带皮和去皮林木的胸高形数为0.504±0.004 2和0.529±0.004 4、实验形数为0.410±0.002 4和0.427±0.002 7、形率为0.657±0.003 4和0.690±0.003 6、高径比为1.22±0.017和1.43±0.019。用广西良种桉二元带皮和去皮材积公式估算单株林木带皮和去皮材积与实际材积高度相关(r>0.99),但估算值普遍偏低,平均分别小3.7%和21.0%;尤以用带皮材积公式估算去皮材积比用去皮材积公式估计要准确,平均只小2.3%。如以6年生以上样地和尾径4 cm以上的去皮林木为实际出材,5个相关样地林分平均出材率为(73.3±4.31)%,最小为54.6%,最大为81.5%。     

杉木立木材积计测研究——Ⅱ立木材积计测模型研究

立木材积是胸径 (D1.3)、树高(H)和形数 (F) 3个因子之间的函数。以解析木实测D1.3、H、DH/2 的数据 ,以径阶 (D1.3)、树高 (H)为样本值1和样本值 2 ,材积 (V)为函数 ,按二元指数方程建立模型得出 :立木材积计算模型V立 =0 .0 0 0 0 96 6 836 5 7×D1.31.6 7731519×H0 .9784 8792 ;以解析木圆盘带皮、去皮材积的实测值 ,按线性模型方程得出 :V去=0 .884 374 2 2V带- 0 .0 0 0 114 94 819。经F检验 ,在α=0 .0 5时 ,它们的回归效果都是显著的。     

二元材积无形数计算式推导及在速生杨测树中的应用

速生杨由于生长速度较快,顶端优势明显,干性较强,多以抛物线体,可依据外业测树作业中的树高和胸径两个变量建立二元材积无形数算式,解决大量伐取解析木和登高作业量取1/2树高计算胸高形数问题。所建立的二元材积无形数算式经数理统计检验和应用证明与速生杨二元立木材积表具有相同的精确度,在外业测树时可根据树高和胸径生长量利用函数计算器快速计算出速生杨立木材积蓄积量,具有实用、便捷、较为准确的特点,可在速生杨测树中试用。     

利用正形数估测立木材积方法的研究

以正形数为基础,提出V=f0 1h·g0 1h·h的单株立木材积估测式,经6个树种944株样木试验,并与二元立木材积表法进行了比较,结果表明这个立木材积式取得了良好的估计效果,可以在立木材积估测中应用。     

刚果12号桉W5无性系与尾叶桉U6无性系胶合板材立木出材量材积推导研究

利用雷州林业局刚果12号桉W 5无性系林分中胸径8~18 cm径阶,树高11~23 m的样木1 207株和尾叶桉U6无性系林分中胸径8~18 cm径阶,树高10~21 m的样木784株,按材种规格标准造材实测材积,且分别建立刚果12号桉W 5无性系和尾叶桉U6无性系胶合板材立木出材量二元回归方程,经检验精度可靠,可供参考使用。     

Volume equations for poplars growing on farmland in Sweden

Abstract

Volume equations for poplars growing on farmland in Sweden. The aim of the study was to construct a simple volume equation for poplar and to evaluate the equation together with seven published equations. Data from 72 poplars were collected from 37 stands in central and southern Sweden (lat. 55–60°N). The stands’ mean age and density was 21 years and 940 stems ha^?1, respectively and the trees’ mean diameter at breast height (DBH) was 25 cm. One simple volume equation with three parameters to be estimated for poplar was constructed with DBH and total height (H) as independent variables. This equation was analyzed and compared to seven published simple equations. The best performance, in terms of low values of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Absolute Bias, was achieved by the equations developed by Eriksson and by Scott. However, due to these equations high level of multicollinearity an alternative recommendation was made where the constructed equation is recommended.     

A stem taper equation compatible to volume equation for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paraserianthes falcataria </Emphasis>in Pare,East Java,Indonesia: its implications for the plantation management

A stem taper equation compatible to the volume equation was derived from the data of 172 trees sampled in the three plantations of Paraserianthes falcataria in Pare, East Java. The stem taper equation in this study was based on a conventional logarithmic volume equation, with the addition of one free parameter that minimized the standard errors of estimate to the observed diameter of stems at 1.0-m intervals. The derived equation was able to predict the stem taper of P. falcataria reasonably well, while it was not flexible enough to describe delicate changes of the taper in the upper portion of stem. The equation was able to predict bole length and the volume up to the top diameter 20 cm, the diameter size merchantable for sawn timber in Indonesia, with reasonable accuracy. An appropriate rotation age for sawn-timber production was found to be 8–9 years old, at which the mean annual increment of sawn timber would be maximized.     

COMPATIBLE STEM TAPER AND VOLUME RATIO EQUATION FOR KOREAN PINE

INTRODUCTIONWiththedevelopl11entofecono111yandoPeninghn1berInarket.thehlnbersizeiscaredaboutmorea11dl11ol'e.otl1ermse,l11uIhpleproductinventonesrequlresaccurateeshmatesofproductsizes(dial11eteral1dlengths)andvolume.Koreanpine(PinIisko1nIensisSib.etZucc.)isararehn1bersPeciesil1Heilol1roial1gProvince.ItisnecessarynotonlytopredicttI1evolumebasedonvolumetablebutalsotoas-sesstheassotheent.Accordingtothenahol1alhmbercritenonandthewoodqt1ality,thestandqualityisdetenl1i11ed.ThemainPOintofco…     

沙松人工林一元和二元立木材积表的编制

编表材料来源于黑龙江省东南部5个林业局标准地的解析木，采用非线性回归模型迭代法拟合材积方程的参数，对方程进行残差分析和参数估计，在此基础上对材积表进一步进行误差估计和精度检验。     

Construction of tree volume equations for Chinese fir plantations in Guizhou Province,southwestern China

Forest volume, the major component of forest biomass, is an important issue in forest resource monitoring.It is estimated from tree volume tables or equations. Based on tree volume data of 1840 sample trees from Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata） plantations in Guizhou Province in southwestern China, parallel one- and two-variable tree volume tables and tree height curves for central and other areas were constructed using an error-in-variable modeling method. The results show that, although the one-variable tree volume equations and height curves between the central and other areas were significantly different, the two-variable volume equations were sufficiently close, so that a generalized two-variable tree volume equation could be established for the entire province.     

大叶相思材积和生物量表的编制*

为探索大叶相思生物量和材积表编制方法，本文根据薪材林研究中收集的一些样木资料，选用Ｗ（Ｖ）１＝ａＤｂ（下称１式）和Ｗ（Ｖ）２＝ａ（Ｄ２Ｈ）ｂ（下称２式）两种模型，经回归分析推导出两组干、枝、叶和总生物量及材积的回归方程。对两组回归方程分析比较结果，１式自变量Ｄ容易测定且精度高，故以１式作为编表模式，编制成材积表和各组分的生物量表。     

尾叶桉U6无性系立木基径二元材积表与一元材积表的编制

利用雷州林业局尾叶桉U6无性系林分中胸径4～18cm，树高5～21m的样木1059株，按2m区分段实测材积，建立基径二元材积回归方程和一元基径与树高回归方程，用尾叶桉U6无性系立木基径二元材积式编制了一元材积表，经检验精度可靠，可供参考使用。