适宜轻简化机械化植棉的鲁棉378的选育及其栽培技术

鲁棉378在黄河流域棉区生育期114 d,出苗快,苗势较好,中后期长势稳健,植株塔形,叶片中等大小,铃卵圆形,吐絮畅,抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病,抗棉铃虫,适于轻简化、机械化种植.2018―2019年黄河流域棉区区域试验中,鲁棉378平均籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为4251.0 kg·hm-2、1782.0 kg·hm-2和...     

浙西红黄壤棉区种植天然彩色棉效果好

浙江省西部的金衢棉区是浙江新兴主产棉区。常年植棉面积和皮棉总产量约占全省的20％左右，该棉区春季气温回升快，有利于早播早发；夏季少台风，有利于棉花结铃；秋季少秋雨，日照充足，气温下降较慢，有利于多结秋桃和攻大铃；产量水平较高，皮棉纤维品质好。在栽培技术上，普遍采用营养钵育苗移栽，走     

德棉16号特征特性及栽培技术

德棉16号在黄河流域棉区春播种植表现为生育期111 d,株型松散,株高100.4 cm;抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病,抗棉铃虫,为耐旱、耐盐品种;在2018―2019 年黄河流域棉区中熟常规品种区域试验中,每666.7 m²籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为269.18 kg、106.49 kg和101.92 kg。介绍了德棉16号的选育过程、生物学特性、产量、品质、抗性及栽培技术要点。     

早熟转基因抗虫棉常规品种荆棉91

荆棉91是荆州农业科学院以173-1为母本，以JZHR9999为父本配制的杂交组合，经过连续定向系统选择而成的早熟、优质、高产转基因抗虫常规棉品种。2019－2020年长江流域棉区早熟品种区域试验中表现：生育期104 d，株高94.2 cm，Ⅲ式果枝，铃重5.3 g，衣分40.5%，籽指11.1 g，霜前花率95.6%；耐枯萎病，耐黄萎病，抗棉铃虫；2年平均666.7 m²籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为207.0 kg、83.9 kg和80.5 kg。介绍了荆棉91的选育过程、特征特性及栽培技术要点。     

早熟棉花品种中棉所9C02的选育及栽培技术

中棉所9C02为转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因抗棉铃虫早熟常规棉品种，2019―2020年和2021年先后参加长江流域棉区早熟品种区域试验和生产试验，于2022年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。在长江流域棉区夏播生育期104 d，株高97.5 cm，第一果枝节位6.6，单株结铃12.6个，铃重5.1 g，衣分38.9%，霜前花率95.1%，耐枯萎病和黄萎病，抗棉铃虫，纤维品质达到国家棉花品种审定Ⅲ型品种标准；2年区域试验平均666.7 m²籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为208.6 kg、81.1 kg和77.5 kg，分别比对照中棉所50增产8.8%、9.5%和8.9%。基于中棉所9C02在长江流域棉区早熟品种区域试验和生产试验中的表现，主要介绍了其选育过程、特征特性、适宜种植区域及栽培技术要点。     

中熟转基因抗虫棉中棉所9708选育及栽培技术

中棉所9708是转单价基因抗虫常规棉品种，在黄河流域棉区春播生育期114 d，株高107.5 cm，单株结铃16.9个，衣分41.3%，籽指10.9 g；纤维品质达到国家棉花品种审定标准Ⅱ型品种要求。2019年黄河流域棉区中熟常规品种生产试验中，666.7 m²籽棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉产量分别为261.0 kg、112.0 kg和106.2 kg。主要介绍了中棉所9708的选育过程、特征特性及栽培技术要点。     

棉花叶枝对皮棉产量影响的研究

2000年以常规棉泗棉3号作供试品种，对去叶枝、留1个、留2个叶枝进行对比试验。结果表明：留叶枝对主茎株高、主茎果枝数、果树成铃数有抑制效应，但皮棉产量、纤维品质无明显差异，因而在南方棉区稀植的情况下，单株可预留1－2个叶枝，以减少棉田用工。     

陕西关中东部棉区棉花霉烂铃的成因及防治措施

关中东部棉区秋霖天气频繁，概率在1／4～1／3。大荔县是主产棉区，年均种植面积5．0万公顷，年均皮棉约4．8万吨。多年来，由于气候条件的限制，棉花单产一直徘徊不前，特别是秋霖天气的影响，致使霉烂铃较多，产量降低，品质下降。据多年棉田调查资料表明，秋霖造成的霉烂铃平均每株3～5个，产量降低30％～40％。     

棉花品种中棉所9A01选育及栽培技术

中棉所9A01于2022年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜黄河流域春播种植。其春播生育期为116 d,株型较松散,果枝较长,茎秆较粗壮,耐枯萎病,耐黄萎病,抗棉铃虫。2019―2020年黄河流域棉区中熟常规品种区域试验中,每666.7 m²平均籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别比对照中棉所100增产3.4%、7.6%和7.3%。对中棉所9A01的选育过程、生物学特性、产量、纤维品质、抗病虫性和栽培管理技术要点进行了介绍。     

早熟棉花品种中7700（中棉所145）

中7700在西北内陆早熟棉区春播生育期123 d,株高67.05 cm,Ⅱ式果枝;抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病;2018―2019年西北内陆棉区早熟品种区域试验中,2年平均籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为5 380.5 kg·hm^－2、2 272.5 kg·hm^－2和2 250.0 kg·hm^－2。介绍了中7700的选育过程、特征特性及栽培技术要点。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。