2010—2011年度黄淮冬麦区旱肥地中间试验

以黄淮冬麦区旱肥组参试品系为材料，对不同品系的生育期、茎蘖动态、抗逆性状、产量性状等指标进行了研究比较。结果表明衡06-6632产量最高，每667m^2达452．17kg；中山1号产量为433kg，居第2位；长5581产量为432．33kg，居第3位。这3个品系比对照增产显著，综合抗性较好，产量结构合理，建议升入生产试验或进行第二年的区试。     

10个红紫芽新品系初步筛选鉴定

2014~2016年以黄棪为对照,对10个红紫芽新品系的生育期、芽梢性状、鲜叶产量、乌龙茶品质、抗旱性等进行鉴定.结果表明:ZY-2、ZY-5、ZY-9、ZY-10品系的生育期比对照黄棪早;1芽3叶长ZY-3、ZY-4、ZY-5、ZY-7、ZY-9、ZY-10比对照长,1芽3叶重各品系均比对照重,发芽密度ZY-3、ZY-4比对照大;ZY-2、ZY-3、ZY-4品系的鲜叶产量比对照高;乌龙茶品质3年平均分ZY-1、ZY-2、ZY-3、ZY-4、ZY-5品系较高,总体表现为花香较显,味较醇爽;抗旱性除ZY-6、ZY-8外,其他品系抗旱性都表现为强.     

大理州11个大麦新品系综合性状的比较分析

2015—2016年度在大理州农科院粮作所试验基地对本院新选育的大麦新品系的丰产性、生育期、抗病性、抗逆性以及适应性等综合性状与利用价值进行鉴定和筛选。结果显示:这11个品系的产量较对照S500显著增产(P0.05),增幅在10.18%~33.55%之间,其中10个品系较对照呈极显著增产(P0.01),增幅在13.04%以上,且1014DM7-9-5-7、1014DM7-9-1-4、101DM8-26-6-3、106DM12-24-1-14、1226DM15-8、1203DM2-5这6个品系的丰产性好,综合性状优良,具有较好的应用前景。     

不同大豆品系的产量比较

采用完全随机区组设计对11个新品系进行产量比较。结果显示,不同品系间产量存在着显著差异,在1.25万株/667m2种植密度下筛选出2个优良品系较对照增产显著,分别比对照增产22.82%、15.38%。6个农艺性状相关分析表明,各品系的生育期、株高、有效分枝、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重与小区产量呈正相关。     

2014年温宿县水稻新品系比较试验研究

以新稻36号和秋田小町为对照,新疆金丰源种业股份有限公司水稻试验站对水稻新品系进行比较试验研究,以筛选出适合温宿县推广种植的水稻新品系。结果表明,品系7-2和10-24-4产量最高,产量在760 kg/667 m2以上;品系668和27-5产量最低,较CK1减产;其他10个品系产量在701.1~743.4 kg/667 m2,差异不显著,较CK1增产13%以上。从生育期、抗性和产量上看,12个水稻新品系适合在温宿稻区推广种植。     

DTOPSIS法对云蔗05型甘蔗品系的综合评价

采用DTOPSIS法对云蔗05型9个甘蔗品系品比试验进行综合评价。评价结果表明:品系云蔗05-49、云蔗05-51综合性状优于双对照,云蔗05-39及云蔗05-211优于ROC16(CK2),次于ROC22(CK1)。上述4个品系应重点试验和评价,其余综合性状次于双对照的品系,仍需作进一步观察试验或直接淘汰。     

十四个马铃薯新品系在晋北地区的产量表现

为选育适合山西省一季作区推广种植的优良马铃薯品种,山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所马铃薯课题组从国际马铃薯中心、河北省张家口市农业科学院引进优良亲本材料,并进行杂交试验。通过几年对杂交后代的选育,选出了14个农艺性状较好的优良品系。以‘晋薯16号’为对照,从生物学特性,薯块性状,经济性状等方面,对14个品系进行比较试验。结果表明,新品系‘10-20-32’和‘12-2-23’分别较对照‘晋薯16号’增产49.88%和48.86%。综合来看,‘10-20-32’和‘12-2-23’产量和综合性状较好,下一步可在山西省一季作区进行多点试验或示范种植。     

政和县中稻新品种比较试验

2018年政和县引进12个中稻新品种进行比较试验,以政和县近年水稻推广种植面积较多的甬优9号为对照,从生育期、主要性状、产量等方面进行对比。试验结果表明:甬优1540、深两优5814、隆两优华占3个品种表现出产量高、性状好、生育期适中等特征特性,可作为政和县中低海拔地区主导或主推中稻品种推广种植。     

青稞新品系87-9-5的选育

青稞新品系 87- 9- 5是甘南州农科所 1987年用 83A - 19- 1为母本 ,肚里黄为父本组配组合杂交、南繁北育、系统选育而成。 1992年参加品种 (系 )比较试验 ,平均产量 550 0 5kg/hm2 ,较对照品种肚里黄和长芒青稞平均增产 4 8 4 % ;1993～ 1995年参加甘南州青稞联合区试 ,平均产量 372 7 5kg/hm2 ,较对照甘青一号增产 13 9% ,居第 2位 ,差异极显著 ;1996～ 1999年多点生产示范中平均产量 4 2 94kg/hm2 ,较对照品种增产 2 5 38%。该品系生育期 110～ 115d ,株高 84～116cm ,穗长 6 9～ 9 4cm ,穗粒数 4 4～ 52粒 ,千粒重 4 2 1～ 4 8 8g。籽粒粗蛋白含量 11 2 % ,赖氨酸 0 4 9% ,淀粉 6 2 6 %。表现早熟 ,抗倒伏 ,穗大、粒多 ,穗脖坚韧 ,落黄好 ,较抗大麦条纹病。     

应用灰色关联度分析法评价马铃薯区试品种

采用灰色关联度分析法对国家马铃薯中晚熟西北组天水试点2008年6个马铃薯品种(系)试验资料的产量、生育期、株高、商品薯率、干物质含量、淀粉含量、植株退化指数、环腐病薯率、植株晚疫病指数9个性状进行综合评价,结果表明,综合性状表现良好的品系是L 0031-17和天99-5-4,其加权关联度接近,分别为0.720和0.716,等权关联度分别为0.706和0.762。     

General combining ability of Neo-Tuberosum for potato production from true seed

Neo-Tuberosum clones from the Cornell breeding population were evaluated as female parents in combination with Tuberosum for production from true seed. Field trials of hybrid seedling families were carried out in 1982 and 1983. Families were also grown in a hot greenhouse to measure combining abilities for tolerance to heat stress. General combining ability was highly significant for yield, vine and tuber characteristics, and heat tolerance. Several clones were identified which produced outstanding seedling families for yield, uniformity, and tuber appearance. Some individual crosses were equal to cultivars in yields, uniformity, and tuber appearance. Hybrids of Neo-Tuberosum and Tuberosum appear to be an excellent choice for potato production from true seed.     

Use of mineral element content of potato petioles for predicting yield potential

Six potato clones (Kennebec, Norchip, Norland, Red Pontiac, Russet Burbank, and M6664) were grown in a split-plot designed experiment to study the relationship of tuber yield and the mineral element content of petioles, both measured at 14 day intervals during the growing season. Seasonal trends in the N, P, K, and Mg content in petioles were highly intercorrelated. Concentrations of N, P, and K decreased with time, while Mg increased. Clones differed in the rate of change in these elements during growth. Trends in N, P, K and Mg content in petioles were highly correlated with tuber bulking. Change in N, P, K, and Mg concentrations are hypothesized to be a function of the sink strength of developing tubers. For another set of potato clones grown in a replicated yield trial, the change in petiolar K content with time was the “best” variable associated with final tuber yields. A regression model [Model II: Y(cwt/A)=200.6223-1887.0150 (b_k)] is given for predicting the yield potential of 18 clones. Given the slope of the petiolar K concentration (b_k) during growth, this model identified 9 of the 10 top yielding clones. Factors affecting the reliability of the model are discussed.     

Dry matter accumulation in potato clones under seasonal high temperature conditions in Pakistan

The effects of seasonal high temperatures on potatoes were investigated under field conditions near Peshawar, Pakistan. Five potato clones (A79196-1, Desiree, DTO-28, LT-1, Russet Burbank) were grown during the spring season at two locations. Canopy development, vine dry weight and tuber dry weight were determined at 13-day intervals, starting 68 days after planting (DAP). Tuber yield was higher in heat tolerant clones compared to heat susceptible clones. Location significantly affected tuber dry weights. Tuber dry weights of Russet Burbank were consistently lower than those of DTO-28. Ground canopy cover of DTO-28 occurred earlier and reached maximum at 75 DAP, compared to 90 DAP for Desiree. DTO-28, because of its high tuber yield under cool as well as hot temperatures, and its relatively early bulking, should be a promising clone for a short duration crop in hotter regions.     

淀粉加工型马铃薯种质资源的引进与评价

淀粉产量是淀粉加工企业普遍关心的重要问题。利用当地主栽品种克新13号作为对照品种,对引进的7个马铃薯新品种(系)进行了田间对比试验。试验结果表明:春薯4号、呼H99-9、呼H99-8、中心202的产量高于对照,海伦3号、综合和HL02-2的产量低于对照。从大中薯率来看,仅中心202高于对照。引进的7个品种淀粉含量均高于对照,其中淀粉含量最高的品种是综合,淀粉含量达22.05%,其次是海伦3号,淀粉含量达19.98%。除了HL02-2外,其余品种的淀粉产量均高于对照。从整体评价结果来看,呼H99-9、呼H99-8和海伦3号的淀粉含量及淀粉产量都优于对照品种克新13号,适合在当地推广种植,而中心202可以用作早期淀粉加工。     

Yield and tuber characteristics of 4x progeny from 2x×2x crosses

Summary Unrelated, unselected 2x haploid-species hybrids that produce 2n eggs, by second division restitution and 2n pollen due to first division restitution were intercrossed to generate 4x progeny. The 19, 4x families were compared with seven cultivars for tuber yield, tuber appearance and tuber set. The mean yield of the 4x families was 30% higher than the mean yield of the cultivars. The best five 4x families outyielded the best five cultivars by 57% and 69% at two locations. Cultivars were superior for tuber appearance and tuber set. The high yields of the 4x families are due to genetic diversity of the 2x parents and their ability to transmit that diversity to the 4x progeny utilizing 2n gametes. The potential of the 2x×2x breeding method is dependent on developing 2x hybrid clones that form 2n eggs and possess desirable tuber types; clones producing 2n pollen and good tuber quality are available.     

二倍体马铃薯主要农艺性状及其2n花粉频率的表现

通过田间种植,比较了马铃薯二倍体与四倍体的长势、叶色、薯形、薯皮色、薯肉色、芽眼深浅、单株产量、单株块茎数、平均块茎重等植物学和农艺性状,并对二倍体马铃薯的花粉育性以及２ｎ花粉的频率进行了鉴定。根据单株产量、块茎数、薯形、２ｎ花粉频率等综合性状,筛选出ＤＹ１４－４－２５、ＤＹ４－３０以及Ｑ４９－１－９,为进一步开展马铃薯分解育种工作打下物质基础。     

广西马铃薯新品种(系)比较试验

为选育出适宜广西地区生产种植的早熟、高产、优质的马铃薯新品种,以‘东农303’为对照,对17个马铃薯新品种(系)进行了生物学特性、适应性、抗病性、丰产性、商品性等综合农艺性状的品比试验。结果表明,‘GNS1’、‘B219’和‘GNS2’早熟、产量高,商品率高,抗病性强,各个调查指标都比对照好,可在广西进行下一步的生产试验和示范。     

Soft-rot resistance combined with other tuber characters in long day-adaptedSolanum phureja

Summary Offspring were produced from a cross between two long-day-adaptedSolanum phureja clones which carried resistance to tuber soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica). In tests carried out on the produce of field-grown plants raised from tubers, over fifty per cent of the 173 offspring were found to be highly resistant. Assessments were also carried out of tuber yield, mean tuber weight, tuber number, shape, regularity, flesh colour, texture of the steamed flesh, fry colour, after-cooking blackening, sprout length after storage and overall dormancy. There were statistically significant differences between clones for all characters (P<0.001). Twelve of the clones were selected on the basis of high resistance, yield, tuber weight, regularity of shape and absence of after-cooking blackening. The value of resistant long-day-adapted diploid material for commercial breeding is discussed.     

Performances of true potato seed families derived from intermating tetraploid parental lines

Four different sets of true potato seed (TPS) families, representing a total of 262 hybrids derived from intermating tetraploid clones were evaluated in three different locations in Peru. Significant differences were observed among families in tuber yield, uniformity and transplant survival rate in the field. Several families produced an average tuber yield of more than 1.0 kg per plant, with a tuber uniformity of some families approaching that of standard varieties. Hybrid TPS families gave higher tuber yields and more uniform tubers than families from open-pollination. On the basis of an observed family-environment interaction for tuber yield, it is suggested that locally adapted cultivars or advanced selections should be used as parents to generate TPS progenies for specific areas.     

马铃薯杂交组合后代加工相关品质性状的评价

以马铃薯品种大西洋和东农303为母本的6个杂交组合的无性一代为试验材料,对其产量和加工相关品质性状进行评价。结果表明:综合表现最好的组合为大西洋×T1800,该组合产量高,平均单株产量可达604g;单薯重较高,平均单薯重可达80 g;高淀粉、低还原糖个体较多,后代中符合油炸加工类型的无性系比率最高。以东农303为母本的3个杂交组合后代比重偏低,但平均单株产量和平均单薯重均较高,可从这3个组合后代中筛选出高产鲜食的材料。