大麻新品种云麻1号的选育及其栽培技术

采用系统选育法从云南地方品种中选育出云麻1号大麻品种,2001年7月通过云南省品种审定委员会审定.经过1998～1999两年的云南省多点试验及1999～2000年两年的生产试验示范,云麻1号纤维产量为1.8t/hm2,鲜茎出麻率6.5% ,平均断裂强度438N.种子千粒重25g,含油量32.24%.四氢大麻酚( THC- tetrahydrocannabinol)含量约0.03%.具有抗旱性强、适应性广、高产、优质、THC含量低等特点.并提出了该品种相应的栽培技术要点.     

籽用型工业大麻新品种龙大麻8号选育报告

龙大麻8号品种是黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所选育的籽用型工业大麻新品种。其四氢大麻酚(THC)含量0.029%,籽实粗脂肪含量33.68%,粗蛋白含量28.7%。2020年生产试验种子产量1225.95 kg/hm²,比对照品种龙麻1号增产51.79%。抗旱、抗病、抗倒伏性强,于2021年6月通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会认定,编号为2021003。     

优质高产大麻新品种皖大麻1号的选育研究

"皖大麻1号"(原名01-68)是以安徽大麻地方品种"六安寒麻"的优良变异株系后代,经过2000-2005年的连续系统选育.形成稳定的品系01-68.2006-2007年参加2年的新品系比较试验,结果表明,纤维产量3028-3258 kg/hm2,种子产量1021-1042 kg/hm2,分别比对照品种六安寒麻增产13.12-14.84%和5.92-7.09%.2008年5月31日通过安徽省非主要农作物品种审定委员会鉴定认证,命名为"皖大麻1号".     

大麻新品种“晋麻1号”选育报告

“晋麻1号”是山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所经系统选育法选育而成的大麻新品种.2007年、2008年两年参加山西省农作物品种区域试验,10点次平均麻皮产量1470.8kg/hm2,比对照临县小麻1243.5kg/hm2增产18.28％.该品种于2010年通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会五届七次会议认定,命名为“晋麻1号”.其主要特征:植株高大硬朗,茎杆粗细均匀,分枝少,群体一致性较好,遗传性状较稳定,综合农艺性状较好,优质,高产等.是山西省第一个大麻新品种.     

工业大麻杂交品种中大麻资4号选育报告

中大麻资4号是吉林四环澳康药业有限公司和中国农业科学院麻类研究所共同选育的低毒、高CBD工业大麻杂交品种.区域试验结果表明,该品种四氢大麻酚(THC)平均含量为0.20％,大麻二酚(CBD)平均含量为5.04％,花叶平均产量2666.7 kg/hm2.该品种生长期内未见明显叶斑病、灰霉病、白粉病、根腐病发生,抗旱性中等...     

工业大麻新品种中汉麻1号选育报告

中汉麻1号是云南素麻生物科技有限公司和中国农业科学院麻类研究所共同选育的低毒、高CBD工业大麻新品种。该品种四氢大麻酚(THC)平均含量为0.137%,大麻二酚(CBD)平均含量为3.19%,花叶平均产量1606.5 kg/ha。该品种生长期内未见明显叶斑病、灰霉病、白粉病、根腐病发生,抗旱性中等。该品种于2019年10月26日,通过云南省种子管理站组织专家进行的品种鉴定。     

干旱胁迫对不同大麻品种生理特性和生长的影响研究初报

通过对4个不同地域来源的大麻品种:云麻1号、BM001、皖大麻1号和信阳1号的盆栽干旱胁迫试验,研究了不同程度干旱胁迫对这4个大麻品种生理特性和生长的影响.结果表明:1、云麻1号和皖大麻1号的叶片含水量分别在干旱胁迫前期和后期下降幅度较大,BM001和信阳1号的叶片含水量在干旱胁迫中呈持续下降状态,说明不同的大麻品种对干旱胁迫的响应模式不同;2、在土壤含水量低于15％时,四种大麻叶片保护酶活性骤降,说明15％的土壤含水量可作为大麻抗旱栽培措施的临界点;3、干旱胁迫对BM001的株高和茎粗生长影响较其他3种品种小,说明这一品种的抗旱能力较强,可用于大麻抗旱品种的选育.     

早熟籽用型工业大麻新品种云麻2号的选育

利用三个品种复合杂交法选育而成的云麻2号,为早熟籽用型工业大麻品种.雌雄异株、雌雄比例为2.2:1,全生育期约120天,株高2.4-3.0m、茎粗1.3-1.7cm,千粒重20g,籽粒含油量33.11%,四氢大麻酚(THC)含量平均0.059%.种子成熟期落粒性不强,便于收获.2003-2004两年异地多点试验结果,麻籽平均产量1545kg/hm2,较对照增产18.84%.在高温高湿环境条件下轻感叶褐斑病,抗倒伏力强.适宜于云南省北纬23°以北、海拔1500-3000m的适宜地区种植.     

岫87-15

品种来源:岫87-15是云南省保山市农科所用京国92与合系2号通过有性杂交选育的常规粳稻品种.1990年开始按系谱法进行单株选择,到1995年选育稳定;1996年参加品种比较试验,并进行小面积试种和种子繁殖;1997年多点鉴定及有一定面积的生产试种;1998-1999年参加保山市区域试验,2001-2002年参加云南省中部粳稻区试,同时进行生产试验.2003年通讨云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

岫87-15

品种来源:岫87-15是云南省保山市农科所用京国92与合系2号通过有性杂交选育的常规粳稻品种.1990年开始按系谱法进行单株选择,到1995年选育稳定;1996年参加品种比较试验,并进行小面积试种和种子繁殖;1997年多点鉴定及有一定面积的生产试种;1998-1999年参加保山市区域试验,2001-2002年参加云南省中部粳稻区试,同时进行生产试验.2003年通讨云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定.……     

大麻化学成分研究进展与开发我国大麻资源的探讨

大麻是一种多用途的古老栽培作物，其纤维是上等的纺织和造纸原料，其种子中富含矿物质、氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸等多种营养成分。但大麻中含有一种致幻化学成分THC，严重影响了大麻的开发和利用。本文就大麻化学成分的主要类型及其合成途径与遗传机理的研究进展作了较详细的阐述，说明了大麻化学成分，特别是CBD/THC遗传稳定的特性，并就我国大麻资源的研究与开发提出了自己的设想。     

Changes in Glycoprotein Components in Streptozotocin - Nicotinamide Induced Type 2 Diabetes: Influence of Tetrahydrocurcumin from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Curcuma longa</Emphasis>

Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) has been used traditionally as antidiabetic, and has been proven scientifically to possess high antioxidant activity and anticancer properties. The active components of Curcuma longa such as curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a major colourless metabolite of curcumin also possesses antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity. The ethnopharmacological value of this plant, the effect of THC on glycoproteins was carried out in normal and streptozotocin-nicotiniamide induced type 2 hyperglycaemic rats for 45 days. Glucose, plasma insulin and glycoprotein components in plasma and tissues (hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid) were determined. Oral administration of THC to diabetic rats showed a decrease in the level of blood glucose and plasma glycoproteins. The levels of plasma insulin and tissue sialic acid were increased where as the levels of tissue hexose, hexosamine and fucose were near normal in diabetic rats treated with THC. The present study indicates that the THC possesses a significant beneficial effect on glycoprotein moiety in addition to its antidiabetic effect. The effect of THC is more prominent than curcumin.     

Influence of growth conditions on the value of crisphead lettuce

Crisphead lettuce was cultivated under different growth conditions. Sixteen batches differed in time of planting (early and late), total nitrogen supply (200 kg N/ha, 150 kg N/ha, 100 kg N/ha, 50 kg N/ha) and time of harvest (early and late). Based on chemical analysis and balance studies on rats the nutritive value of each 16 batches was determined. The protein content increased progressively from 16.00 to 19.88% with fertilization level. This increase in protein caused a significant drop in essential amino acids (g/16 g N) demonstrating a lower biological value of this protein. Early planting or early harvest resulted in a higher protein content than in lettuce of late planting or late harvest. Total dietary fibre content was approximately 25% of DM — and this value was not much influenced by the different growth conditions. Soluble dietary fibre was approximately 20–25% of total dietary fibre. Due to the high fibre content, energy digestibility was relatively low. The contents of Cd and Pb were below what is considered as ‘acceptable’ levels.     

回交在亚麻选种效果上的研究

回交法对提高亚麻出麻率和纤维产量上效果显著。在选种效果上,以回交一代选种效果为最佳;回交二代选种效果也很好,特别是对攻关性状的选择上效果显著;回交三代选种效果最不理想。在回归亲本和非回归亲本的选择上,均是出麻率和纤维产量愈高,综合经济性状愈优良的品种,后代选择的效果愈好。     

低毒雌雄同株大麻新品种USO-31及高产栽培技术

雌雄同株大麻新品种USO-31是乌克兰韧皮纤维研究所育成，2000年开始在我国试种，该品种表现出高纤、优质、抗病抗虫、低毒、耐盐碱等特点。2005年生产试验，风干茎、纤维、种子产量分别达到6513．8kg／hm^2、1336．9kg／hm^2和345．4kg／hm^2，分别比对照增产10．0％、17．6％和10．1％。干茎出麻率26．8％，比对照高10.3个百分点。同时介绍了该品种在黑龙江省适宜产区的高产栽培技术。     

可食用野生蔬菜中纤维类物质的检测方法

依据GB/T 5009.88-2003食品中不溶性膳食纤维的测定(Determination of insoluble dietary fiber in foods)和GB/T 5009.10-2003植物类食品中粗纤维的测定(Determination of crude fiber in vegetable foods),并简化其操作步骤,对海南8种可食用野生蔬菜中的粗纤维和不溶性膳食纤维进行测定.结果表明,不同用量石油醚和α-淀粉酶对蔬菜中脂肪和淀粉进行前处理的作用不大.对测定结果几乎无影响;8种野生蔬菜中不溶性膳食纤维含量为1.5%～4.9%.粗纤维含量为0.7%～1.8%.     

优质青贮玉米自交系筛选与评价

以448份玉米自交系为材料,对玉米全株的品质含量指标蛋白、淀粉、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)及酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)进行评价,筛选高蛋白/淀粉、低纤维的青贮玉米自交系。结果表明,在所有供试材料中,蛋白含量变化不大,淀粉含量与纤维(NDF、ADF)含量极显著负相关。以淀粉、NDF和ADF品质含量为指标,通过聚类分析,筛选出7份高淀粉(47.50%~51.20%)、低纤维(ADF为9.08%~12.93%,NDF为26.67%~31.07%)含量的青贮玉米自交系,分别为P124-3、P125-12、P128-1、P132、13634-3、12099-2和12906-1。     

Influence of Dehydration Process in Castellano Chickpea: Changes in Bioactive Carbohydrates and Functional Properties

Changes in bioactive carbohydrates, functional, and microstructural characteristics that occurred in chickpea under soaking, cooking, and industrial dehydration processing were evaluated. Raw chickpea exhibited important levels of raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs), resistant starch (RS) and total dietary fibre (TDF), being insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) the main fraction (94%). The dehydration process increased RFOs (43%), RS (47%) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) (59%) levels significantly. In addition, a noticeable increase in both fibre fractions was observed, being higher in soluble fibre in (SDF) (59%). The minimum nitrogen solubility of raw flours was at pH 4, and a high degree of protein insolubilization (80%) was observed in dehydrated flours. The raw and processed flours exhibited low oil-holding capacities (1.10 mg/ml), and did not show any change by thermal processing, whereas water-holding capacities rose to 5.50 mg/ml of sample. Cooking and industrial dehydration process reduced emulsifying activity and foaming capacity of chickpea flour. The microstructural observations were consistent with the chemical results. Thus, the significant occurrence of these bioactive carbohydrate compounds along with the interesting functional properties of the dehydrated flours could be considered useful as functional ingredients for food formulation.     

低毒雌雄同株大麻新品种USO—31及高产栽培技术

雌雄同株大麻新品种USO—31是乌克兰韧皮纤维研究所育成,2000年开始在我国试种,该品种表现出高纤、优质、抗病抗虫、低毒、耐盐碱等特点。2005年生产试验,风干茎、纤维、种子产量分别达到6513.8kg/hm2、1336.9 kg/hm2和345.4 kg/hm2,分别比对照增产10.0%、17.6%和10.1%。干茎出麻率26.8%,比对照高10.3个百分点。同时介绍了该品种在黑龙江省适宜产区的高产栽培技术。     

Additional wet milling step for fractionation of barley flour after hull separation

Fuel ethanol production from barley is increasing and there is a need to develop more efficient production processes. In the conventional ethanol production process, the hulls (fiber) in barley do not get fermented. The objective of this study is to evaluate a wet fractionation method, similar to the one used in corn wet milling in the endosperm fiber separation step, on the flour remaining after hull separation from barley in order to increase the starch content of barley flour. Hulls were separated from hammer milled barley flour using a combination of sieving and air classification. The remaining flour was soaked in water and the slurry was ground using an attrition mill. The cell wall material was screened out from the fine slurry. The fermentation material produced by hull separation followed by wet fractionation comprised 80.9% by weight of the original flour and contained 10.1% higher starch and 7.9% lower fiber (neutral detergent fiber; NDF) contents than the original flour. The cell wall coproduct has potential as a functional food ingredient because it has high fiber (NDF of 42.7%), high beta-glucan (4.5%) and high protein (20.2%) contents. The increase in starch content may be beneficial in fuel ethanol production.