粗毛纤孔菌不同提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

采用粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus)石油醚提取物(高、低剂量分别为12、6 mg·kg^-1)、乙酸乙酯提取物(高、低剂量组分别为17、8.5 mg·kg^-1)、正丁醇提取物(高、低剂量分别为45、22.5 mg·kg^-1)、水提取物(高、低剂量分别为600、300 mg·kg^-1)、麦角甾醇(高、低剂量分别为10、5 mg·kg^-1)灌胃环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠,测定免疫器官指数、吞噬指数、吞噬系数、耳肿胀度、耳肿胀率和血清细胞因子、免疫球蛋白含量,采用苏木素-伊红染色小鼠脾脏、胸腺、胰腺、回肠后观察组织形态,研究粗毛纤孔菌不同提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明：与模型组相比,石油醚、水提取物高剂量组和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的胸腺指数显著升高;麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的吞噬指数和吞噬系数均显著升高,水提取物高、低剂量组的吞噬系数显著升高;水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组的耳肿胀度和耳肿胀率均极显著升高;石油醚、水提取物和麦角甾醇高、低剂量组,乙酸乙酯提取物高剂...     

硬毛粗盖孔菌子实体提取物对小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响

通过注射环磷酰胺(80 mg·kg~(-1))建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,分别灌胃给药小鼠硬毛粗盖孔菌(Funalia trogii)子实体石油醚、乙酸乙酯提取物(高、中、低剂量分别为20、10、5 mg·kg~(-1))以及水提取物(高、中、低剂量分别为150、75、37.5 mg·kg~(-1)),通过测定脏器指数,观察HE染色切片和免疫组化切片,测定血清中免疫细胞因子、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶、溶血素含量及总抗氧化能力,研究其对小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:与模型组比较,水提取物高剂量组的胸腺、肝脏指数极显著增高,脾脏指数显著增高;乙酸乙酯提取物高剂量组的脾脏、肝脏指数极显著增高。水提取物高剂量组血清细胞因子IL-2、IL-4的分泌量极显著增加。水提取物高剂量组丙二醛的含量显著降低,且显著低于阳性组;水提取物高剂量组超氧化物歧化酶的含量显著增加;乙酸乙酯、水提取物高剂量组的总抗氧化能力极显著增强。水提取物各组的胸腺、脾脏细胞数量明显增加。研究表明硬毛粗盖孔菌子实体提取物能够增强小鼠的免疫功能及抗氧化能力,为其进一步开发利用提供参考。     

粗毛纤孔菌子实体及其不同极性溶剂提取物止血活性

通过测定小鼠出血时间、凝血时间、凝血功能指标、血小板参数和红细胞参数，研究粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus)子实体粉末组(高、低剂量分别为1.2、0.6 g·kg^-1)、石油醚提取物组(高、低剂量分别为12、6 g·kg^-1)、乙酸乙酯提取物组(高、低剂量分别为17、8.5 g·kg^-1)、正丁醇提取物组(高、低剂量分别为45、22.5 g·kg^-1)和水提取物组(高、低剂量分别为620、310 g·kg^-1)对小鼠的止血活性。结果表明：与空白组相比，粗毛纤孔菌粉末，乙酸乙酯、水提取物高剂量组出血时间极显著减少；粉末高、低剂量组，石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水提取物高剂量组凝血时间显著减少；粉末高、低剂量组，石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水提取物高剂量组凝血酶原时间极显著减少；粉末高、低剂量组，乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水提取物高剂量组活化部分凝血活酶时间显著减少；粉末、水提取物高、低剂量组，乙酸乙酯提取物高剂量组血浆凝血酶时间显著减少；粉末、石油醚提取物高剂量组纤维蛋白原含量显著降低...     

蝙蝠蛾拟青霉菌丝体石油醚提取物抗肿瘤活性

选用腹水型H22肝癌荷瘤小鼠,对蝙蝠蛾拟青霉(Paecilomyces hepiali)菌丝体石油醚提取物进行体内抗肿瘤作用的研究.结果表明,800 mg/kg蝙蝠蛾拟青霉菌丝体石油醚提取物具有明显的抑瘤作用,抑瘤率达到59.9%,对H22肝癌荷瘤小鼠的免疫器官指数具有一定程度的影响,但对其血清中白细胞介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)含量的影响不显著.     

五味子不同部位提取物的杀虫活性

以五味子的种子、果实和藤茎为试材,采用虫体浸渍法,研究了五味子不同部位萃取物对桃蚜(Myzus persicae Sulzer)和小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella Linnaeus)的毒杀活性和趋避效果。结果表明:五味子不同部位2g·L~(-1)提取物和萃取物对桃蚜均有杀虫活性和趋避效果,其中五味子油正丁醇萃取物(OB)、五味子果实正丁醇萃取物(FBU)、五味子果实水层萃取物(FW)、五味子藤茎乙酸乙酯部位萃取物(SET)、五味子藤茎正丁醇部位萃取物(SBU)杀虫活性达80.0%以上;趋避效果达80.0%以上的初提取物为五味子油正丁醇萃取物(OB)、五味子果实提取物(F)、五味子藤茎石油醚萃取物(SPE)、五味子藤茎乙酸乙酯部位萃取物(SET)和五味子藤茎水层萃取物(SW)。五味子不同部位2g·L~(-1)提取物和萃取物对小菜蛾的杀虫活性较差,只有五味子果实石油醚萃取物(SPE)杀虫效果达到60.0%以上。对小菜蛾均有驱避效果,达到60.0%以上的初提取物为五味子油乳化层(OL)、五味子果实水层萃取物(FW)和五味子藤茎正丁醇萃取物(SBU)。其余初提取物的杀虫效果和驱避效果较差。     

柠檬黄蜡伞的抑菌活性及石油醚层成分分析

本实验对柠檬黄蜡伞子实体的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水相的抑菌活性进行了初步研究,并利用GC-MS对石油醚相成分进行了分析。结果表明,石油醚和乙酸乙酯相提取物对沙门氏菌、链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌均有抑制作用,乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌作用大于石油醚提取物的抑菌作用。浓度为50 mg.mL-1时,乙酸乙酯层提取物抑菌率最高,针对以上4种细菌抑菌率分别为55.08%、42.97%、61.10%和50.08%,MIC值均为3.125 mg.mL-1。经GC-MS联用仪从石油醚萃取物中鉴定出5个化合物。     

桑黄菌丝体对小鼠肉瘤S_(180)的抑制作用

建立荷瘤(S180)小鼠模型,用桑黄(Phellinus igniarius)菌丝体灌胃(低、中和高剂量组分别为0.25、0.5和1.0g/kg/d)至模型组肿瘤直径达1cm停止给药,测定抑瘤率和各脏器指数。结果表明:阳性对照组(顺铂3mg/kg/d)显著抑制小鼠体重的增加,而桑黄菌丝体3个剂量组对小鼠体重的增加没有显著的抑制作用;低、中和高3个剂量组抑瘤率分别为18.3%、29.5%和40.7%。桑黄菌丝体对脾脏指数与胸腺指数的影响小于阳性对照药物顺铂。     

HPLC法测定番木瓜种子对羟基苯甲酸和香草酸的含量(英文)

【目的】为了测定番木瓜种子醇、石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水提取物中的对羟基苯甲酸和香草酸含量,【方法】建立了测定各提取物中的2种酚酸含量的HPLC法,并检测了2种酚酸的含量。【结果】标样浓度介于1～5 mg.L-1时,标样浓度与峰面积间具有良好线性回归关系;本试验所优化的HPLC法具备良好的精密性、重演性和稳定性,简便易行,适于检测番木瓜种子粗提物中的对羟基苯甲酸和香草酸含量;2种酚酸含量以乙酸乙酯提取物中最高、正丁醇提取物中次之,水提取物中则几乎未能检测到。【结论】2种酚酸主要存在于乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物中,在水提取物中几乎不存在。     

多脂鳞伞多糖对H22荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用

采用水提醇沉法获得多脂鳞伞(Pholiota adiposa)多糖(PAP)，研究其对H22荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用。将小鼠随机分为模型组、阳性组(环磷酰胺CTX,25 mg·kg^-1)及PAP低(100 mg·kg^-1)、中(200 mg·kg^-1)、高(300 mg·kg^-1)剂量组，连续给药15 d，以灌胃生理盐水为空白组，计算抑瘤率和脏器指数；采用ELISA法测定小鼠血清中IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α和VEGF含量，采用HE染色法观察肿瘤组织细胞排序、细胞完整度、细胞核数量，采用TUNEL法检测肿瘤组织细胞凋亡程度，采用免疫组化法检测VEGF、Bcl-2和BAX蛋白表达强度。结果表明：PAP具有抑制肿瘤生长的作用，高剂量组抑瘤率高达78.05%，并且对小鼠胸腺、脾脏等器官指数具有明显恢复作用；模型组小鼠肿瘤组织细胞排列整齐紧密，生长状态良好，凋亡率较低，PAP处理组小鼠的肿瘤组织细胞出现不同程度的细胞变形、破裂及模糊不清等现象，并且出现大面积凋亡；PAP可提高小鼠血清中IFN-γ、...     

黄花忍冬提取物抑菌作用的研究

采用滤纸片法和琼脂块法对黄花忍冬不同部位不同溶剂提取物进行了抑菌试验。结果表明:黄花忍冬花和叶片的正丁醇提取物对真菌薏苡弯孢叶斑病菌的抑制效果最好,均达到100%,果的水提物效果最差,只有27.9%,二者达到极显著差异;黄花忍冬各部位的乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制效果较好,水提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制效果较差。试验表明,黄花忍冬花和叶的提取物中存在丰富的抗菌天然活性物质,为寻找植物源抑菌剂提供理论依据。     

Inhibitory effect of survivin-siRNA on prostatic subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of survivin-siRNA recombinant plasmid on prostate cancer xenografts. METHODS: Prostatic cancer DU145 cells were cultured and subcutaneously injected into nude mice. When the tumor grew to 8 mm in diameter, it was aseptically removed and divided into about 2 mm blocks through surgery and subcutaneously implanted into another nude mice. After the prostatic cancer xenograft model was reconstructed, the mice were treated with survivin-siRNA plasmid and control scrambled siRNA plasmid using electric transfection method. The tumor growth curve was plotted and the inhibitory rate was calculated. HE staining, immunohistochemical staining and TUNEL assay were applied to observe the effect of survivin-siRNA on the xenografts. RESULTS: The prostatic cancer xenograft model was successfully constructed in vivo. Compared with mock and scrambled siRNA groups, transfection of survivin-siRNA recombinant plasmid obviously inhibited the tumor growth with the inhibitory rates of 61.81% and 62.87%, respectively. Compared with both controls, survivin-siRNA depressed the protein expression of survivin and promoted the cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Survivin-siRNA recombinant plasmid significantly inhibits the growth of prostatic tumor xenografts by inhibiting the protein expression of endogenous survivin and promoting cell apoptosis.     

Therapeutic effect of 3TSR on gastric carcinoma in nude mice

AIM: To investigate the anti-tumor efficacy of angiogenic inhibitor three hrombospondin-1 type repeats (3TSR) on gastric cancer. METHODS: Human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 was inoculated subcutaneously to BALB/c mice, and then the mice were divided into two groups (8 mice each): control group and 3TSR group. After administration of 3TSR by intraperitoneal injection for 3 weeks, mice were sacrificed. The tumor volume and percentage of necrotic area were detected. The micro-vessel index and cell proliferation index were detected by immunohistochemistry method. The apoptosis rate of gastric carcinoma cells was measured by TUNEL method. The vascular endothelial cell apoptosis rates were detected by CD31/TUNEL/DAPI staining. RESULTS: The tumor volume in 3TSR group was (648.34±126.91)mm3, significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The percentage of tumor necrosis area in 3TSR group was (39.6±7.8)%, almost increased by 69.2% than that in the control. Average micro-vessel numbers and micro-vessel area in 3TSR were 12.8±4.1 and (689.3±118.6) μm2, respectively, significantly lower than those in the control. The proliferation index and apoptosis rate in 3TSR group were (40.0±7.1)% and (3.4±1.2)%, respectively. No difference between 3TSR group and the control was observed. The endothelial cell apoptosis rate in 3TSR group was (11.6±2.8)%, significantly higher than that in control group (2.9±1.5)%. CONCLUSION: 3TSR inhibits tumor angiogenesis, remarkably reduces tumor volume, average micro-vessel and increased tumor necrosis. 3TSR shows no direct inhibitory effects on gastric cancer cells. The antiangiogenesis effects of 3TSR on gastric carcinoma may be due to the induction of apoptosis of vascular endothelia cells.     

Effects of interferon-β on recurrence and growth of intrahepatic HCC after radical resection in nude mice

AIM:To study the effect of interferon-β (INF-β) on recurrence and growth of intrahepatic HCC after radical resection in nude mice. METHODS:Human HCC cells were implanted into the livers of 25 BALB/c nu/nu nude mice. All the mice were received radical resection of HCC at day 10, and divided into three groups randomly. In group B and C, INF-β was injected subcutaneously at different dosage for each mouse respectively. In group A, nude mice were given saline at the same volume instead of INF-β. At 35 days after treatment, all mice were sacrificed, liver specimens were harvested, the size and volume of recurrent tumor were also measured to calculate the tumor inhibition rate of INF-β. Expression of iNOS, Ki-67 and caspase-3 in recurrent tumor were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:No difference in HCC recurrent rate among group A, B and C was observed (P>0.05). Tumor volumes was diminished in group B and C as compared with that in group A (P<0.05). Expression of iNOS and Ki-67 in group B and C was decreased as compared with that in group A (P<0.05). Expression of caspase-3 in IFN-β treated group was increased as compared with that in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:IFN-β has an inhibitory effect on growth of intrahepatic HCC after radical resection in nude mice. The inhibitory effect of IFN-β is associated with the dose used, probably related to the changes of iNOS, Ki-67 and caspase-3 expression in tumor tissue.     

桑黄多糖抗疲劳及耐缺氧实验研究

研究采用水提醇沉法得到桑黄菌丝多糖(大分子量粗多糖),通过小鼠抗疲劳、耐缺氧能力实验,研究桑黄菌丝多糖的生理活性。以小鼠游泳力竭时间、游泳前后血乳酸、肝糖原以及血清尿素氮含量的变化为指标,考察桑黄多糖抗疲劳能力,以小鼠在缺氧和亚硝酸钠中毒环境下的存活时间为指标,考察桑黄多糖耐缺氧能力。结果表明,灌胃桑黄多糖可以显著延长小鼠游泳时间达70.62%,降低游泳后乳酸曲线下面积22.89%,提高肝糖原储备33.36%,减少游泳后血清尿素氮含量23.17%,延长小鼠在缺氧环境下42.08%和亚硝酸钠中毒环境下35.29%的存活时间。因此,桑黄多糖具有提高小鼠抗疲劳和耐缺氧能力的作用,且在一定剂量范围内,实验效果与灌胃剂量呈正效应关系。     

Effect of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Fang on the growth,metastasis and angiogenesis of Lewis lung carcinomas

AIM: To study the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu Fang (YHJ), composed of ginsenoside, penex notogingseng and berberin, on tumor growth and metastasis and to explore its mechanism.METHODS: Murine Lewis lung carcinoma transplant model was established and mice were treated with YHJ by intraperitoneal injection. After 10 days, the inhibitory rate of tumor, pathology of tumor and PCNA of tumor cells were detected. After 20 days, numbers of metastatic foci on lung surface and microvessel density (MVD) were determined. Expression of VEGF in tumor and serum were also analyzed by immunohistochemical test and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: YHJ reduced the weight of tumor and the amount of metastatic foci. The inhibitory rates of tumor at high and low dose of YHJ (24 mg·kg_^-1·d_^-1, 12 mg·kg_^-1·d_^-1) were 48.29% and 37.26%, and the number of metastatic foci was 1.67 and 3.50, while control was 6.44. Furthermore, PCNA of tumor cells, MVD of tumor and VEGF expression in serum and tumor were decreased in YHJ treatment goup as compared with control. CONCLUSION: YHJ remarkably inhibits Lewis lung carcinoma growth and metastasis in mice. Its mechanism may be related to inhibition of angiogenesis.     

Inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on subcutaneous implanted tumors in nude mice()

AIM: In order to evaluate the applicable value of LDL as a targeted vehicle for chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex and free ACM on nude mice's subcutaneous implanted tumors derived from gastric cancer cell lines, SGC-7901 and NKM-45. METHODS: LDL-ACM complex was prepared and the tumor model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation of SGC-7901 and NKM-45. Then, the groups of nude mice developed subcutaneous implanted tumors were received either LDL-ACM complex or free ACM. Subsequently, the tumor size, weight and leukemia cell counts were measured and the rates of tumor-inhibition and the survival were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on the tumors, especially on SGC-7901 implanted tumors were much more obvious than that of free ACM. It was also indicated that the action of LDL-ACM complex was mediated by LDL receptor. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LDL-ACM complex had significant inhibitory effects on the implanted tumors and the effect might be mediated by LDL receptor.     

双孢蘑菇子实体多糖的提取及其对癌细胞的抑制

双孢蘑菇子实体（Ａｇａｒｉｃｕｓｂｉｓｐｏｒｕｓ）经热水提取，乙醇沉淀，胰蛋白酶消化，Ｓｅｖａｇ法去除蛋白质等处理，得多糖。经紫外可见光分光光度计测定无紫外吸收峰，为较纯多糖。并研究了其对人肝癌ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞生长曲线、有丝分裂指数及线粒体活性的影响，结果表明该多糖对体外培养的人肝癌ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞增殖有一定抑制作用，抑癌实验证明该多糖对小鼠Ｓ－１８０实体瘤亦有一定抑制作用。     

The inhibitory action of rhTRAIL on mouse breast carcinoma

AIM:To explore the inhibitory action of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(rhTRAIL) on mouse breast cancer.METHODS:Each mouse was inoculated 0.2 mL (1×106) D2F2 cells subcutaneously in the right lower limb and they were divided into five groups randomly.The control group was infused PBS 0.2 mL, while the low-dose, medium, high groups received purified rhTRAIL 2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg, 10.0 mg/kg, respectively, the positive group was administered cyclophosphamide 30.0 mg/kg.Every group was operated by peritoneal injection once a day for fifteen days.The mice were weighed every day.The growth state was viewed and the size of the tumor was measured every 3 d to calculate the tumor volume and tumor suppression rate.All mice were killed after 15 d.The pathologic changes of the tumor were observed under light-microscopy and electronic microscopy.The cell cycle and apoptosis index of D2F2 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS: The body weight and tumor volume in low-dose, medium, high groups were lower than those in control group and the restriction effect was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.01).The body weight and tumor volume in low-dose, medium, high groups decreased with the increase in rhTRAIL concentration.The difference was significant (P<0.01).Both apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells were observed in low-dose, medium, high groups.The area of cell apoptosis was large and most area didnt have tumor cells but only apoptotic bodise.The results of flow cytometry showed that rhTRAIL induced the apoptosis of D2F2 cells, and the apoptosis rates were 7.56 %, 21.37 %, 27.16 % respectively when rhTRAIL doses were 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L.Significant differences among three groups were observed (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:rhTRAIL induces apoptosis in mouse breast cancer cells and even the necrosis of tumor cells.rhTRAIL has significant effect on inhibiting the growth of D2F2 cells.     

Effects of thymopeptide and 4 polysaccharides isolated from Chinese medicine on immune functions of spleen and tumor tissues in U14 cervical cancer-bearing mice

AIM: To identify the enhancement of relatively specific immune responses by thymopeptide and 4 polysaccharides isolated from traditional Chinese medicine in the mice bearing cervical cancer. METHODS: The model of cervical cancer-bearing mice was established by implantation of cervical cancer U14 cells into the armpit of the right forelimb of the mice. Beginning from the 2nd day of tumor implantation, 4 polysaccharides Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), Ganodema lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) and Panax ginseng polysaccharide (PGP)], thymopeptide or saline solution were intragastric administered for 21 days according to the experimental design. The animals were then killed, the tumor inhibitory rate and spleen index in treatment groups were compared with those in control group. The splenic T-lymphocytes (TLC) and natural killer (NK) cells, and the content of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the tumor tissues were also determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The order of tumor inhibitory rates was: ASP < PGP < thymopeptide < LBP < GLP. The effects of GLP, LBP and thymopeptide were statistically different from that of control group. No difference of tumor inhibition between PGP/ASP groups and control group was observed. The order of spleen index was: ASP < tumor control group < thymopeptide < GLP < PGP < LBP, that of CD4/CD8 enhancement was: PGP < ASP < GLP < thymopeptide < LBP, and that of CD49b⁺ NK hyperplasia was: ASP < thymopeptide < LBP < GLP < PGP,with statistically significant differences among the groups. The changes of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the tumor tissues showed that Th1/Th2 in thymopeptide group, LBP group and GLP group shifted to Th1. No shift to Th1 in PGP group and ASP group was observed. CONCLUSION: LBP, GLP and thymopeptide show significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth in U14 cervical tumor-bearing mice and can enhance the immune functions in the animals.     

Effect of adriamycin combined with sensitized dendritic cells on cervical tumor-bearing mice

AIM：To explore the immunotherapeutic effect of adriamycin (ADM) combined with frozen-thawed antigen-sensitized dendritic cells (DCs) on cervical tumor-bearing mice. METHODS：The U14 cervical cancer model of Kunming mice was established by subcutaneous implantion of U14 cells in axillary fossa. DCs vaccine was prepared by U14 cervical cancer cell frozen-thawed antigen-sensitized mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. Mature phenotype of sensitized DCs was identified by flow cytometry. Tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated for 3 cycles with PBS (control), DCs vaccine, ADM and ADM combined with DCs vaccine, respectively. The tumor volume was evaluated. The tumor weight and the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12 and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in the serum were determined by ELISA on the 21st day. RESULTS：Cancer cell frozen-thawed antigen-sensitized DCs had higher expression levels of CD11C, CD80 and CD86. The volume and weight of the tumor in ADM combined with DCs vaccine group were less than those in ADM group, DCs vaccine group and control group. The tumor inhibitory rate in combination group was higher than that in the other 3 groups. Compared with the other 3 groups, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ in combination group significantly increased. CONCLUSION：ADM combined with tumor antigen-sensitized DCs vaccine can strengthen the animal antitumor immune response and effectively inhibit the growth of tumor in cervical tumor-bearing mice.