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喷施微生物菌剂对烤烟生长发育和上部烟叶经济性状的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《作物研究》2017,(2)
为提高烤烟上部烟叶的可用性,以‘云烟87’为材料,研究了喷施微生物菌剂对烤烟生长发育和上部烟叶经济性状的影响。结果表明:喷施微生物菌剂"优烟1号"能促进烤烟根系和上部烟叶生长,提高根系活力,增加上部烟叶的叶绿素含量,有利上部烟叶光合作用,提高烤烟上部烟叶的产量、产值和上等烟比例。 相似文献
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为明确湖南稻茬烤烟云烟87的适宜留叶数,于2022年在湖南省桂阳县开展大田试验,研究不同留叶数对烤烟经济性状、物理特性、化学成分和感官质量的影响。结果表明:随着烤烟留叶数增加,上等烟比例、均价、产量、产值、感官质量和上部烟叶的单叶质量呈先增加后降低趋势,烟叶氮碱比、钾氯比、上部烟叶的长度与宽度、上部和中部烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量及糖碱比呈增加趋势,烟叶厚度、叶面积质量、烟碱含量、中部和下部烟叶的长度和宽度及单叶质量呈降低趋势;留叶数增加可扩大中部烟叶范围。湖南稻茬烤烟云烟87以留叶17~19片较为适宜。 相似文献
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移栽期对烤烟农艺性状及经济性状与上部烟叶可用性的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在凤凰县千工坪烟区,以K 326为试验材料,研究了移栽期对烤烟病害程度、农艺性状、经济性状及上部烟叶可用性的影响,结果表明:适当推迟移栽烤烟,可显著降低上部烟叶赤星病与病毒病危害,减少上部烟叶的病斑,增加烟株株高、有效留叶数、烟叶长度与宽度,提高烟叶产量。与4月22日移栽相比,5月11日移栽的烟叶产量、产值、均价及上等烟比例分别增加489 kg/hm2,9 702元/hm2,1.4元/kg和16.7%。在湘西凤凰县或气象条件类似的植烟区,适当推迟烤烟移栽,可显著降低上部烟叶的比例,上部烟叶开片情况显著改善,提高了上部烟叶的可用性,并显著增加了产值与上等烟比例。 相似文献
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改良剂对土壤pH和烤烟上部烟叶经济性状及品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为筛选适宜的酸性土壤改良剂,比较研究了石灰、丰收延酸性土壤改良剂、金叶酸性土壤改良剂对土壤pH和烤烟上部叶经济性状及品质的影响。结果表明:施用改良剂可使土壤pH提高0.42~1.46个单位;上部烟叶的上等烟比例提高1.78%~35.31%,均价提高0.11%~8.38%,产量提高36.19%~41.71%,产值提高29.41%~45.93%,物理特性指数可提高0.20%~2.50%,化学成分可用性指数提高24.68%~29.22%,评吸总分提高2.24%~10.07%。3种改良剂中,以石灰提高土壤pH、改善上部烟叶经济性状与品质的效果最好。 相似文献
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为探讨永顺县山地烤烟烟叶特色,检测和分析了永顺县6个乡镇烟叶的主要物理性状和化学成分,并与国内外一些烤烟主要产区的烟叶物理性状和化学成分进行了对比分析。结果表明,永顺山地烟叶的叶长、叶宽、叶片厚度、含梗率、平衡含水率、单叶重等主要性状的质量结构合理,最接近于贵州省黔西南烟区的烟叶,其次是接近于河南许昌烟区的烟叶;山地烟叶的总糖、还原糖、烟碱、总氮、钾、氯等化学成分含量适中、协调,接近于云南省大理烟区和贵州省黔西南烟区的烟叶。认为永顺县山地烟叶的主要物理性状质量较接近中间香型,化学成分质量接近于清香型和中间香型。同时还发现,在各取样乡镇的烟叶中,某些物理性状和化学成分含量存在一定的差异。 相似文献
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留叶数和采收方式对郴州烤烟品种‘云烟99’产质量的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为给郴州烟区优质烟叶生产提供技术支撑,以‘云烟99’为材料在郴州嘉禾县开展大田试验,通过设置4个留叶数处理(15、17、19、21片)和2种上部叶采收方式处理(分次采收、一次性采收),研究了留叶数与采收方式对郴州烤烟经济性状与上部叶品质的影响。结果表明:(1)上部叶采收方式对‘云烟99’整体经济性状影响不大,而留叶数对经济性状影响显著,在留叶17~19片条件下经济性状表现较好;(2)留叶数与采收方式对上部叶糖碱比、氮碱比及钾氯比有极显著影响,两者互作对糖碱比、氮碱比有显著影响。适当增加留叶数与一次性采收可显著降低上部叶烟碱含量,显著提高上部烟叶钾含量,协调各化学成分含量;(3)留叶数与采收方式显著影响烟叶中性致香物质含量,以留叶17~19片、一次性采收处理的烟叶中性致香物质较多;(4)留叶数与采收方式对烟叶评吸质量影响较大,以留叶17~19片、一次性采收处理的烟叶评吸质量较好。综合来看,留叶17~19片、上部叶一次性采收有利于提高‘云烟99’经济性状与上部烟叶品质。 相似文献
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叶面喷施含钾肥料对上部烟叶质量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《作物研究》2017,(6)
为提高上部烟叶可用性,采用在烤烟打顶后叶面喷施含钾肥料,研究其对烟叶物理特性、化学成分及评吸质量的影响。结果表明:在烤烟打顶后喷施含钾肥料可提高上部烟叶钾含量2.63%~19.30%;喷施硫酸钾+氨基酸+壳寡糖+胺鲜酯处理的烟叶物理特性指数、化学成分可用性指数和评吸总分可分别提高5.92%、31.15%、5.30%。因此,烤烟打顶后叶面喷施含钾肥料可提高上部烟叶钾含量和烟叶可用性。 相似文献
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为进一步提高网式装烟框散叶装烟的烟叶烘烤质量,研究了与之相匹配的持续升温烤香烤柔烘烤工艺(T),并与生产上推广应用的烘烤工艺(CK)进行了对比试验。结果表明,与CK相比,工艺T能显著改善烟叶等级结构;显著提高上等烟比例,下部叶、中部叶和上部叶分别提高294.32%、66.02%和17.89%;显著降低下低等烟、级外烟、光滑烟和僵硬烟的比例,下部叶的下低等烟、级外烟和光滑烟分别降低39.09%、58.98%和54.56%,中部叶的下低等烟降低31.19%,上部叶的下低等烟和僵硬烟分别降低47.02%和87.59%;烟叶总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比更适宜;香气成分含量更高,下部叶、中部叶和上部叶分别提高5.88%、10.82%和2.92%;评吸质量更好。因此,烤香烤柔工艺(T)能显著改善烟叶外观质量、提高烟叶内在质量和可用性。 相似文献
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氨基酸叶面肥喷施次数对烤烟上部叶产质量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2011年在湖南隆回开展了喷施氨基酸叶面肥对烤烟上部叶产质量影响的研究,结果表明:在减少基肥和硝酸钾用量的基础上,与不喷施的对照相比较,喷施氨基酸叶面肥均有利于促进上部叶开片,喷施1和2次可以增大上部烟叶面积10.3%-14.6%和3.1%~18.9%,并且明显改善烟叶的外观质量和内在品质,提高中上等烟叶比例0.2%和0.8%,增加产值分别达1246形hm2和4096元/hm2,从而有利于提高上部烟叶的工业町用性,提高植烟的经济效益。 相似文献
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通过分析广西中烟基地上部烟叶生产现状,针对上部烟叶在可用性上存在的几个问题进行思考,提出提高广西中烟基地上部烟叶可用性发展的思路和对策。 相似文献
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《Field Crops Research》2005,92(1):61-74
One of the main sources of considerable amounts of chloride to soils is irrigation water. The responses of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to chloride are varied and inconsistent depending on the tobacco type, variety and methods of fertilization, cultivation and harvesting used. In this work, the impact of the interaction between four chloride levels (10, 20, 40, 80 mg L−1) in irrigation water and three nitrogen fertilizer forms (NO3–N 100%, NH4–N 100% and NO3–N 50%:NH4–N 50%) on growth, agronomic and chemical characteristics of Virginia tobacco was evaluated over 2 years (1999, 2000) in an outdoor pot experiment. The results showed that the adverse influence of chloride in irrigation water on plant height and number of leaves per plant was already substantial above 40 mg L−1, within 30 days after transplanting. In this period, visual toxicity symptoms of chloride appeared on the lower leaves of plants treated with ammonium nitrogen. In addition, the effect of chloride on flowering time, chlorophyll content of leaves, aboveground fresh weight of plant, total cured product yield and chemical characteristics, depended on the form of nitrogen, with nitrate nitrogen restricting the detrimental effects of chloride in irrigation water up to 40 mg L−1. The reduced yield of cured product at 80 mg L−1 was the result of the adverse effects of chloride on the leaves of the middle and upper stalk position. Leaf chloride concentration was highest in the upper leaves and increased linearly with the increase of chloride level in irrigation water at each leaf position on the stalk and this increase was more rapid as ammonium nitrogen percentage was increased. Chloride increased the concentration of reducing sugars in cured leaves at each leaf position, in all nitrogen forms and nicotine mainly in plants treated with nitrate nitrogen. The changes in total nitrogen and ash content are considered as minimal. We conclude that the optimum chloride level in irrigation water is below 20 mg L−1, whereas the level of 40 mg L−1 in combination with nitrate nitrogen fertilizers can be considered as the upper threshold to avoid adverse effects on Virginia tobacco. 相似文献
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D. Bilalis A. Karkanis A. Efthimiadou Ar. Konstantas V. Triantafyllidis 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):388-394
Organic tobacco consists of a new industrial crop product. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of irrigation system and fertilization on the growth (biomass and roots) of organic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabaccum cv NC 71). The experiment was designed as a split plot design with four replicates, two main plots (drip and sprinkler irrigation) and three sub-plots (vetch as green manure, red clover as green manure and control; without fertilization). Drip irrigation was characterised by lower amount of water applied to the soil. Furthermore the tobacco yield was not affected by the reduced water application and the crops under drip irrigation were higher than those with sprinkler irrigation. Positive effect of green manure in the nicotine content of tobacco leaves was also observed, and that reported for first time under organic system. Equally the higher amount of nitrogen from green fertilization with vetch led to increase of nicotine concentration (0.91% max concentration). Agronomic water use efficiency (WUE) for drip irrigation was always higher than those for sprinkler irrigation. There were no significant differences between the drip and sprinkler irrigation concerning the root biomass. Moreover, green manures increased roots dry weight. Yield of tobacco crop was significantly increased by the green manures, with the lowest yield (1850 kg ha?1) to be found in the control plots. Finally, green manures increased the SPAD values and number of leaves, with most significant impact the time when vetch applied to soil. 相似文献
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海拔高度对不同烤烟品种上部烟叶化学成分的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以烤烟品种K326、Y85、红大为材料,研究了云南保山市部分地区(海拔高度1500~2100 m)主栽烤烟品种B2F等级烟叶常规化学成分与种植海拔高度的关系.结果表明,各品种对海拔的敏感性不同,品种间内在化学成分差异较大;K326对海拔高度比较敏感,其常规化学成分与海拔高度呈现一定的规律性,随着海拔的增加,其B2F等级烟叶总糖含量、还原糖含量增加,总氮含量、烟碱含量、K含量降低,且均达到显著或极显著水平;而红大与Y85规律性不明显. 相似文献