MYNN基因在猪不同组织及肌肉中的表达规律

试验旨在研究myoneurin（MYNN）基因在猪不同组织中的表达特征及其在肌肉（背最长肌、股二头肌和腰大肌）、小脑、肝脏、胰脏、肾脏、胃、脾脏、肺脏组织中的发育性表达规律。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究猪MYNN mRNA在90日龄大白猪和马身猪的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、小脑、小肠、胰脏、胃、股二头肌及脂肪共11个组织中的表达谱,以及在大白猪和马身猪1、90、180日龄3个发育阶段的肌肉、小脑、肝脏、胰脏、肾脏、胃、脾脏、肺脏组织中的发育性表达规律。结果表明,MYNN在猪的各种组织中广泛表达,且各组织间表达差异显著或极显著（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）;MYNN在大白猪和马身猪的肌肉、小脑、肝脏、胰脏、肾脏、胃、脾脏、肺脏组织中的不同发育阶段表达差异显著或极显著（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）,并具有特定规律,由此推测其可能在猪的这几种组织中发挥重要作用。MYNN基因的表达与组织、日龄及品种的遗传背景有关。本试验为研究猪MYNN基因的生物学功能提供了依据,但还需要深入的研究来探索其作用的具体机制,尤其是在骨骼肌发育中的调节机制。     

CREB-H基因在猪不同组织中表达谱及肝脏中的表达规律

本研究旨在分析环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白H（cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like 3，CREB-H）在猪不同组织中的表达谱及其在马身猪和大白猪肝脏中的发育性表达规律。采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting技术检测1日龄猪12个组织（心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃、小肠、小脑、下丘脑、背最长肌、股肌和腰肌）中CREB-H基因的表达谱，以及CREB-H在1、30、60、90、120、150和180日龄马身猪和大白猪肝脏中的表达规律。结果显示，CREB-H基因mRNA在马身猪的12个组织中广泛表达，其中在肝脏和小肠中高表达；CREB-H蛋白在肝脏组织中的表达量显著高于其他组织（P<0.05），在心脏、脾脏和小脑中不表达。猪肝脏CREB-H基因mRNA和蛋白的发育表达受日龄、品种、品种与日龄相互作用的影响（P<0.01）。马身猪和大白猪肝脏中CREB-H基因mRNA和蛋白的表达量均在1日龄时达到最大值。在各发育阶段，马身猪CREB-H蛋白的表达量均极显著高于大白猪（P<0.01），且CREB-H主要在猪肝脏中表达。CREB-H在两猪种肝脏中的表达存在时空差异，可能与猪在不同发育期的脂质代谢能力有关，本试验结果为研究猪的脂质代谢调控机制提供一定的理论依据。     

Pax7基因在猪不同组织中的表达特征及其在背最长肌中的发育性表达规律研究

本试验旨在探究Pax7(paired box 7)基因在猪不同组织中的表达特征及其在背最长肌中的发育性表达规律.采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术和Western blotting技术检测了Pax7基因在1日龄马身猪心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃、小肠、下丘脑、小脑、背最长肌、腰大肌、股二头肌12种组织中的mRNA和蛋白质表达谱,以及马身猪和大白猪从出生1日龄到180日龄7个发育阶段(1、30、60、90、120、150、180日龄)背最长肌中的发育性表达规律.结果表明,Pax7基因mRNA在背最长肌、腰大肌、股二头肌、下丘脑和小脑组织中表达,而Pax7蛋白仅在背最长肌、腰大肌和股二头肌中表达.背最长肌中Pax7基因mRNA和蛋白质的发育性表达趋势在马身猪和大白猪中基本一致.在mRNA水平上,30日龄的表达量最高,极显著高于其他日龄(P <0.01);1日龄的表达量次之;其他日龄维持低表达的稳定状态.Pax7蛋白表达量在1日龄时最高,极显著高于其他日龄(P <0.01);30日龄次之;其他日龄维持低表达的稳定状态.从出生1日龄到180日龄,马身猪背最长肌中Pax7蛋白的表达量均显著或极显著地高于大白猪(P <0.05;P <0.01).Pax7 基因的表达与组织、日龄及品种的遗传背景有关.     

Study on the Expression Profile of Pax7 Gene and its Developmental Expression in Longissimus Dorsi of Pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profile of Pax7 (paired box 7) gene in different tissues and its developmental expression in longissimus dorsi of pigs.The expression profiles of Pax7 gene at the levels of mRNA and protein in 12 different tissues including heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,stomach,small intestine,hypothalamus,cerebellum,longissimus dorsi,biceeps femoris,psoas major of Mashen pigs at birth and the developmental expression patterns in longissimus dorsi at seven stages (1,30,60,90,120,150,and 180-day old) of Mashen and Large White pigs were studied by quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blotting.The results showed that the Pax7 mRNA was expressed in longissimus dorsi,biceeps femoris,psoas major,hypothalamus,and cerebellum,wherease the Pax7 protein was only expressed in skeletal muscles of longissimus dorsi,biceeps femoris,and psoas major.The developmental expression patterns of Pax7 mRNA and protein in Mashen pig was basically in accordance with those in Large White pig.The mRNA expression amount of Pax7 gene in longissimus dorsi was the greatest at 30-day old (P <0.01),followed by the expression at 1-day old,and kept lower stable levels at other stages both in Mashen and Large White pigs.At the stages of 30-day,90-day,and 180-day old,Pax7 mRNA expression amounts in Mashen pig were significantly higher than those in Large White pig (P <0.01).The Pax7 protein expression at 1-day old was the greatest (P <0.01),followed by it at 30-day old,which were significantly greater than those at other stages,at which Pax7 expression was in lower stable levels.The Pax7 protein expression from one-day old to 180-day old in Mashen pig was significantly greater than those in Large White pig (P <0.05;P <0.01).The expression of Pax7 gene could associated with tissue,age,and background of pig breed.     

马身猪和大白猪不同组织DECR1基因的表达

旨在研究DECR1基因在猪不同组织和品种中mRNA和蛋白水平的表达规律,探讨该基因与脂肪代谢的关系。以山西马身猪与大白猪为试验材料,提取肝脏、心脏、肾脏、脾脏、肺脏、胃、小肠、皮下脂肪和背最长肌组织的总RNA和总蛋白,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测DECR1基因在2个品种各组织中mRNA的相对表达量,采用Western blot技术对各组织中DECR1蛋白进行半定量分析。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示:DECR1基因在各组织中均有表达,组织之间的表达量存在极显著差异(P<0.01),DECR1基因在肝脏、皮下脂肪与心脏中为高丰度表达;在不同品种的皮下脂肪组织中,大白猪DECR1的mRNA表达极显著高于马身猪(P<0.01)。Western blot检测结果显示:DECR1在各组织中均有表达,不同组织的表达量存在极显著差异(P<0.01),在皮下脂肪、肝脏与小肠中高表达;不同品种的皮下脂肪组织中,大白猪DECR1蛋白的表达显著高于马身猪(P<0.05)。猪DECR1基因在不同组织的表达差异可能与脂肪代谢和脂肪沉积有关。     

Expression and Distribution Difference Analysis of STC-1 Gene in Big and Small Body Shape Pigs

The heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,skull,skeletal muscle were collected from 40-day-old Bama Mini pig and Large White pig,stanniocalcin 1(STC-1) gene mRNA and STC-1 protein were detected with Real-time PCR and Western blotting methods, respectively. The Real-time PCR results showed that the expression level of STC-1 gene mRNA was higher in lung and kidney, but was the lowest in skeletal muscle of Bama Mini pig and Large White pig. Except for heart and skeletal muscle tissues, the expression level of STC-1 gene mRNA in other tissues of Bama Mini pig was significantly higher than Large White pig (P < 0.05).The Western blotting results showed that the STC-1 protein distribution were the highest in liver and spleen of Bama Mini pig and Large White pig, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The STC-1 protein expression in lung, liver, skeletal muscle and heart of Bama Mini pig were extremely significantly higher than Large White pig (P < 0.01),and the STC-1 protein expression in kidney and spleen of Bama Mini pig were extremely significantly lower than Large White pig (P < 0.01). STC-1 gene mRNA and protein were firstly detected in different tissues from big and small body shape pigs,this might have a relationship with various external environments stress and development.     

STC-1基因在大、小体型猪中表达与分布的差异分析

试验分别采集40日龄小体型猪（巴马猪）和大体型猪（大白猪）的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、头骨、骨骼肌组织,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测斯钙素-1（stanniocalcin 1,STC-1）基因mRNA在各个组织中的表达水平,并通过Western blotting检测STC-1蛋白在各个组织中的分布。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,STC-1基因mRNA在巴马猪和大白猪肺脏、肾脏中相对表达水平较高,在骨骼肌中的表达水平最低;除心脏和骨骼肌外,巴马猪其余各组织中STC-1基因mRNA表达水平均显著高于大白猪（P < 0.05）。Western blotting检测结果表明,巴马猪肝脏中STC-1蛋白的表达量最高,而大白猪脾脏中STC-1蛋白表达量最高,两者差异显著（P < 0.05）;巴马猪肺脏、肝脏、骨骼肌及心脏组织中STC-1蛋白表达量均极显著高于大白猪（P < 0.01）;而巴马猪肾脏、脾脏中STC-1蛋白表达量极显著低于大白猪（P < 0.01）。本研究首次对大、小体型猪不同组织的STC-1基因mRNA表达水平及其STC-1蛋白分布进行检测,导致该基因表达与分布差异的原因可能与两种猪受外界环境应激及生长发育差异有关。     

猪NR1H3基因可变剪接体的克隆及表达特性研究

旨在克隆猪NR1H3基因的可变剪接体,并预测编码蛋白的结构与功能,研究其转录本的表达特性。本试验以马身猪为研究对象,采用RT-PCR及克隆测序技术对猪NR1H3基因CDS区进行扩增和克隆,采用生物信息学方法分析NR1H3蛋白的生物学特性,采用qRT-PCR技术检测NR1H3基因在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、小肠、股二头肌、腰大肌和皮下脂肪组织中的表达谱及在脂肪组织中的发育性表达规律。结果表明,本研究成功克隆出猪NR1H3基因的两个转录本NR1H3-1和NR1H3-2,其中NR1H3-2为新发现的转录本（MN082630）,其CDS区全长1 203 bp,编码的蛋白质含400个氨基酸,属于中性不稳定蛋白;与NR1H3-1相比,NR1H3-2缺失了长度为95 bp的第9外显子,编码的蛋白质NR1H3-2比NR1H3-1少了一个肝X受体的配体结合结构域;氨基酸的相似性分析发现,猪NR1H3蛋白氨基酸序列与北大西洋小须鲸、山羊、绵羊、抹香鲸、长江江豚等物种的相似性较高。NR1H3-1和NR1H3-2在所检测组织中均有表达,且在不同组织间的表达量具有显著差异（P<0.05）;NR1H3-1转录本在小肠中表达量最高,其次是脾、肝、股二头肌等,在心脏中表达量最低;NR1H3-2则在肝中表达量最高,其次是脾、小肠、胃和股二头肌等,在心脏中表达量最低。在各组织中（除小肠、心、肺）,NR1H3-2的表达量均高于NR1H3-1,其中在肝和皮下脂肪组织中,NR1H3-2的表达量极显著高于NR1H3-1（P<0.01）,在胃中差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。随着日龄的增加,皮下脂肪组织中NR1H3-1和NR1H3-2的表达量整体呈上升趋势,推测该基因对猪的脂肪沉积有调控作用。本试验成功克隆了猪NR1H3基因的两个可变剪接体,并推测其对猪脂质代谢及脂肪生成具有重要的生理作用。     

Study on Developmental Expression of ApoCⅡ Gene mRNA in Liver Tissues of Pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental patterns of ApoCⅡ gene mRNA in liver in Mashen and Large White pigs, and study the relationship between the expression level of ApoCⅡ and the lipid metabolism in pigs.The mRNA relative expressions of ApoCⅡ gene in liver at seven stages of 1,30,60,90,120,150,and 180-day old in Mashen and Large White pigs were determined by quantitative Real-time PCR.The results showed that the developmental trend of ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver between Mashen and Large White pigs was different.The ApoCⅡ mRNA abundance was decreased from birth to 60-day old,then increased at 90-day old,and decreased again after that in Mashen pig.However,the relative expression amount in Large White pig was gradually decreased from birth to 150-day old and increased again at 180-day old.Except for the ApoCⅡ mRNA expression amount at 1-day old,the differences of the expression amount at other stages in Mashen and Large White pigs were significant or extremely significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The ApoCⅡ mRNA expression in liver was affected by age and breed,and could play an important role in lipid metabolism in pigs.     

载脂蛋白CⅡ基因在猪肝脏组织中的发育性表达研究

试验旨在探究载脂蛋白CⅡ(apolipoprotein Ⅱ,ApoCⅡ)基因mRNA在马身猪和大白猪肝脏组织中的发育性表达规律,揭示ApoCⅡ基因表达水平与猪脂质代谢之间的关系。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测了马身猪和大白猪1~180日龄(1、30、60、90、120、150和180日龄)肝脏组织中ApoCⅡ基因mRNA表达。结果表明,马身猪和大白猪肝脏组织ApoCⅡ基因mRNA发育性变化趋势存在差异,马身猪ApoCⅡ表达量从1日龄到60日龄逐渐降低,在90日龄时上升,之后逐渐降低;而大白猪从1日龄到150日龄呈现逐渐降低趋势,180日龄时回升。1日龄时,马身猪和大白猪肝脏中ApoCⅡ基因mRNA的表达量差异不显著(P>0.05),在其他阶段,两品种间的表达量存在显著或极显著差异(P<0.05或 P<0.01)。这表明肝脏中ApoCⅡ mRNA的表达具有显著的日龄依赖性和明显的品种差异性,其表达可能对猪脂质代谢有显著影响。     

Cellular Localization,Expression Patterns of CCAR1 Gene,and Its Effect on Cell Proliferation in Pig

The aim of this study was to obtain the complete coding sequence (CDS) of CCAR1 gene, and to explore its subcellular localization, expression profile and its effects on cell prolification and action mechanism in pig. In this study, the cDNA from kidney tissue of 1-day-old Mashen pigs were used as the template to obtain the full-length CDS of CCAR1 gene by RT-PCR and sequencing. The cellular immunofluorescence staining was used to explore the subcellular localization of CCAR1 in PK15 cells. The temporal and spatial expression profile of CCAR1 was investigated by qRT-PCR in this study. The CCAR1 gene in PK15 cells was knocked out by using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, and the effects of CCAR1 gene on cell proliferation and expression of cell proliferation and apoptosis related genes were investigated by qRT-PCR, Western blot and CCK8 (cell counting kit 8) technologies in this experiment. The results showed that the complete CDS region of pig CCAR1 gene was 3 459 bp in length (MH301308.1). CCAR1 protein was localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus of PK15 cells. The expression profiles of CCAR1 mRNA between Large White and Mashen pigs was similar, which was expressed in all detected tissues, with the highest expression in kidney and small intestine, middle expression in spleen, liver, cerebellum and muscle, and the lowest expression in heart and subcutaneous fat. Temporal expression results showed that CCAR1 was expressed in both psoas muscle and longissimus dorsi muscle at 3 developmental stages both in Mashen and Large White pigs. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system effectively reduced the expression of CCAR1. CCK8 results showed that after 48 hours of transfection, compared with the control group, the proliferation of cells in the experimental groups were extremely significantly inhibited (P<0.01). After CCAR1 gene knocked out, the expression level of Mki67, a marker of cell proliferation, was significantly decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression level of Caspase3 and the core protein β-catenin in Wnt pathway between control group and experimental groups, and the expression level of downstream target gene C-myc of Wnt pathway was decreased significantly(P<0.05). CCAR1 gene was expressed almost in all tissues at different developmental stages, and affected cell proliferation by regulating the expression levels of Mki67 and C-myc, and played an important role in growth and development of pig.     

猪CCAR1基因细胞定位、表达特性及对细胞增殖的影响

旨在获得猪CCAR1基因的完整CDS序列，研究其亚细胞定位和表达特性，探究其对细胞增殖的影响和作用机制。本研究以1日龄马身猪肾组织cDNA为模板，采用RT-PCR技术分段扩增猪CCAR1基因的CDS区，通过测序和序列拼接获得完整CDS区；采用细胞免疫荧光技术检测CCAR1在PK15细胞中的定位；采用qRT-PCR技术检测猪CCAR1基因的时空表达规律；采用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术敲除PK15细胞的CCAR1基因，通过qRT-PCR、Western blot以及CCK8（cell counting kit 8）技术检测CCAR1基因敲除对细胞增殖能力及细胞增殖和凋亡相关基因表达的影响。结果表明，猪CCAR1基因的完整CDS区长3 459 bp（MH301308.1），在PK15细胞的细胞质和细胞核中均有表达。大白猪和马身猪不同组织CCAR1的表达谱基本相似，在所检测的组织中均有表达，均表现为在肾和小肠中表达量最高，在脾、肝、小脑和肌肉中呈中度表达，在心和皮下脂肪中低表达；CCAR1基因在大白猪和马身猪初生、3月龄和6月龄3个年龄阶段的两种骨骼肌中也均有表达。CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统能有效降低CCAR1的表达，在转染48 h后，相比于对照组，试验组都对细胞增殖产生极显著抑制（P<0.01）；CCAR1基因敲除后，细胞增殖标记基因Mki67表达水平显著下降（P<0.05），Wnt通路下游靶基因C-myc表达量显著下降（P<0.05），Wnt通路核心蛋白β-catenin和凋亡标记基因Caspase3的表达量无显著差异。CCAR1基因在猪不同组织和不同发育阶段均有表达，可能通过调控细胞增殖基因Mki67和Wnt通路下游靶基因C-myc的表达而影响细胞增殖，在猪的生长发育过程中起重要作用。     

猪ApoA5基因cDNA的克隆、序列分析及组织表达研究

旨在克隆猪ApoA5基因cDNA全序列,并对其进行序列分析,研究该基因的组织表达规律.试验以山西马身猪肝脏组织为材料,采用RT-PCR与RACE技术,对猪ApoA5基因的cDNA进行克隆,并对其进行了生物信息学分析.采用荧光定量PCR检测并分析了ApoA5 mRNA在2个猪种(马身猪和大白猪)中多个组织的表达规律.结果表明:猪ApoA5基因cDNA全长1 917 bp,包括1 092 bp的开放阅读框(ORF),24 bp的3'-UTR和801 bp的5'-UTR;编码区(CDS)共编码364个氨基酸,与牛、马、人、犬、猴、兔、褐鼠和小鼠氨基酸序列的同源性分别为81.7％、80.0％、78.3％、77.5％、76.5％、73.6％、67.1％和66.7％;ApoA5 mRNA除了在肺脏和脾脏中未检测到外,在其他8种组织中均有表达,其中在肝脏组织中高丰度表达,在皮下脂肪与背最长肌中中等表达,低量表达于小肠、肾脏、心脏、胰脏和胃,并且在皮下脂肪与背最长肌中ApoA5 mRNA的表达量存在显著的品种差异.猪ApoA5基因在动物进化中比较保守,ApoA5 mRNA的表达量受到组织和品种影响,推测ApoA5基因对脂肪沉积性状有一定的影响.     

猪FoxO1基因cDNA部分序列的克隆及其组织表达

根据人、黑猩猩及大鼠等物种FoxO1基因同源序列设计引物,利用RT-PCR方法从猪肝脏中克隆FoxO1基因cDNA的部分序列,组织特异性表达分析表明,FoxO1基因在1日龄和9月龄猪的肝、肺、肾、脾、心、胃、皮下脂肪、内脏脂肪、背最长肌和股四头肌等组织中均表达,只是表达丰度随发育阶段和组织的不同有所差异。1日龄猪的内脏脂肪中FoxO1的表达丰度最高,心脏和骨骼肌中相对较低;而9月龄猪的脾脏中FoxO1相对表达丰度最高,明显高于免疫机能尚未完全建立的初生猪,显示出FoxO1可能在机体的免疫调节中起一定作用,另外,9月龄猪的FoxO1表达丰度不仅在平滑肌和骨骼肌中有显著差异,而且在不同类型的骨骼肌中也存在显著差异,显示出FoxO1的表达可能与骨骼肌类型和运动强度有关。     

lncRNA-6617调控猪肌内前体脂肪细胞分化的筛选与功能研究

旨在探究lncRNA-6617的生物学特性及其对猪肌内前体脂肪细胞分化的影响，以及初步探究其上游调节机制，为后续深入研究猪肌内脂肪沉积调控机制提供参考依据。本研究以饲养在相同条件下的1、90、180日龄健康马身公猪(n=3)和大白公猪(n=3)为研究对象，利用RNA-seq技术筛选脂肪型猪(马身猪)和瘦肉型猪(大白猪)肌肉特异表达的lncRNAs，并通过生物信息学分析、RT-PCR及Sanger测序鉴定lncRNA-6617生物学特性及其猪组织中的表达特征。在猪肌内前体脂肪细胞中干扰lncRNA-6617，检测lncRNA-6617对肌内脂肪细胞分化能力的影响。随后，检测m⁶A修饰相关酶在不同品种猪中的表达差异，研究lncRNA-6617的上游调控机制。结果显示，lncRNA-6617位于猪18号染色体，RAMP3基因反义链的第3内含子区域，无蛋白编码能力，主要分布于细胞核; lncRNA-6617在猪所检测各组织中均有表达，背部皮下脂肪中表达量最高，且在马身猪肌肉组织中的表达极显著高于大白猪(P < 0.01);在猪肌内前体脂肪细胞分化过程中，lncRNA-6617表达量呈上升趋势，且在分化第5天表达量达到最高; 干扰lncRNA-6617诱导分化7 d后，分化的成熟脂肪细胞明显减少，成脂关键基因CEBPα、PPARγ和aP2的表达均极显著下调(P < 0.01)。m⁶A修饰的去甲基化酶FTO在马身猪背最长肌和股二头肌中的表达极显著高于大白猪(P < 0.01)，在腰大肌中的表达显著高于大白猪(P < 0.05)，上游调节因子ZNF217在马身猪肌肉组织中的表达极显著高于大白猪(P < 0.01)，与lncRNA-6617表达模式一致。干扰FTO后，lncRNA-6617的表达极显著下调(P < 0.01)。本研究筛选了在马身猪肌肉组织中显著高表达的lncRNA-6617，并深入研究了lncRNA-6617促进猪肌内前体脂肪细胞分化的功能及其上游调节机制，丰富了脂肪细胞生成的表观调控网络。     

五指山猪与长白猪65 d胎儿组织MRFs家族基因的表达研究

 
以五指山猪和长白猪妊娠65 d胎儿腿部骨骼肌、背部骨骼肌、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肠、胃、脑10种组织为材料,采用qPCR技术,检测和研究MRFs基因家族成员（包括MyoD1、Myf4、Myf5和Mfy6基因）在以上10种组织中的mRNA表达水平及差异。结果表明：（1）MRFs家族成员除肝、肾、肠组织以外,在五指山猪65 d猪胎儿组织中mRNA表达水平均高于长白猪相应组织中的表达水平（P<0.05）;（2）MRFs家族成员表达水平在腿肌和背肌中的表达普遍偏高,其他组织中表达较低（P<0.05）;（3）2个猪种在以上10种组织中MRFs家族mRNA表达水平的高低分布基本一致,其相对表达量顺序为：腿部骨骼肌＞背部骨骼肌＞肝＞肺＞胃＞脾＞脑＞肾＞肠＞心。     

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α在猪肝脏组织中发育性表达研究

为了探究过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha,PPARα)基因在不同脂肪型猪肝脏组织中的发育表达规律,本研究采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,检测了马身猪和大白猪0、1、2、3、4、5和6月龄个体肝脏内PPARα基因mRNA的表达量。结果显示,马身猪和大白猪肝脏组织PPARα基因mRNA发育性变化趋势存在差异,大白猪PPARα 基因表达量呈现出前、后期高中期低的变化趋势,0月龄时表达量最高,3月龄时表达量最低,两者差异极显著(P<0.01),而马身猪表达量呈现前期高后期低的变化趋势,0月龄和1月龄的表达量极显著高于其他月龄(P<0.01)。上述结果揭示猪PPARα可能是肝脏脂质代谢的调控因子,为猪脂肪沉积的调控机制提供理论数据。     

脂肪酸合成酶基因mRNA在马身猪和大白猪3种组织中的发育性表达研究

为探究脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)基因在猪不同组织中的发育性表达规律,本研究采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测马身猪和大白猪7个阶段(初生、30、60、90、120、150和180日龄)肝脏、背最长肌和背部皮下脂肪3种组织中FAS基因mRNA的相对表达量。结果表明,品种间比较,FAS基因mRNA在马身猪和大白猪肝脏、背最长肌和背部皮下脂肪组织各生长发育阶段中的表达差异均达到显著或极显著(除肝脏组织初生阶段和背部皮下脂肪组织120日龄阶段)(P<0.05;P<0.01)。FAS基因mRNA在大白猪组织间的表达差异与生长发育相关,150和180日龄阶段,背部皮下脂肪组织中表达量极显著高于肝脏和背最长肌组织(P<0.01),初生、30日龄和90日龄阶段,背最长肌中的表达量极显著高于肝脏和背部皮下脂肪组织(初生阶段无脂肪组织样)(P<0.01);而马身猪整个发育过程中,背最长肌组织表现为优势组织,极显著高于其他2种组织(除120日龄阶段外)(P<0.01),脂肪组织表达量次之,肝脏组织中表达量较少。品种、日龄、组织及品种与日龄、组织与日龄的互作效应对FAS基因mRNA的相对表达量均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。FAS基因直接参与脂肪酸的合成,对猪肉质性状的遗传改良具有重要意义。     

Study on the Change Trend of Growth Hormone (GH) and Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) in Serum at Different Months in Mashen and Large White Pigs

The purpose of this study was to understand the change trend of growth hormone (GH) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) in serum of Mashen and Large White pigs during the period from 0 to 6 months of age,and to analyze the influence of GH and GHR on growth rate.The method of ELISA was used to detect the concentration of GH and GHR in serum of Mashen and Large White pigs from 0 to 6 months of age.The results showed that the variation trends of GH in Mashen pig was roughly the same as in Large White pig,the GH concentration was increased with age increasing after birth and reached the peaks at 4 and 5 months of age for Mashen and Large White pigs,respectively,and then decreased gradually.The serum GH concentration in Mashen pig was a little greater than that in Large White pig at 3 and 4 months of age,on the contrary,the serum GH concentration in Large White pig was greater than that in Mashen pig at other months.During the period from 0 to 6 months of age,the difference of GHR concentration in serum was not significant in Mashen pig (P>0.05).In Large White pig,the serum GHR concentration at 1 month of age was lowest,and was significantly lower than that at 4 and 6 months of age (P<0.01;P<0.05).During the period of 0 to 2 months of age,the GHR concentration in Mashen pig was greater than that in Large White pig,but the difference was extremely significant only at 1 month of age (P<0.01).Conversely,the serum GHR concentration in Large White pig was greater than those in Mashen pig during the period from 3 to 6 month of age,there was significant difference at 4 and 6 months of age (P<0.05),and there was extremely significant at 5 months of age(P<0.01).The concentration of GH and GHR in serum was related to the developmental stages and genetic background of pig,and its change trend was in accordance with the trend of growth rate.     

TIMP3基因在长白猪和通城猪不同组织及不同时期骨骼肌中的表达分析

采用定量PCR(Quantification PCR, QPCR)方法,比较分析了基质金属蛋白酶3(TIMP3)基因在长白猪和通城猪间的组织表达谱,同时比较分析了其在这2个猪种胚胎期(33, 45, 55, 65, 70和90 d)和出生后(0, 9, 30, 60, 120和160 d)骨骼肌生长发育过程中的差异性表达。组织表达谱结果表明,TIMP3基因在不同猪种的各组织器官中广泛表达,除在腿肌和胰腺中有所差异外,TIMP3基因在两个猪种间的组织表达谱基本是一致的,在肺脏和子宫中表达最高,在背肌、脾脏和胃中表达较高,在肠、心脏、肾脏和肝脏中表达最低。与出生后阶段相比,TIMP3基因在2个猪种胚胎期均显著高表达(P＜0.05),但其表达变化趋势在2个猪种间存在差异;与在长白猪胚胎期相比,该基因在通城猪胚胎期中的高表达水平维持在一个更大的范围内。本试验结果提示,TIMP3基因可能参与不同类型猪种骨骼肌生长发育异步性的调控,影响到不同类型猪种的产肉性状。