| 黄河口及其邻近水域浮游动物群落结构特征及其季节变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘晓慧,徐宾铎,张崇良,薛莹,任一平,纪毓鹏.黄河口及其邻近水域浮游动物群落结构特征及其季节变化[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(5):922-930. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘晓慧 徐宾铎 张崇良 薛莹 任一平 纪毓鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛,266003;2. 中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303050) |
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| 摘 要： | 根据2013年8月、10月和2014年2月、5月在黄河口及其邻近水域4个航次的调查数据,分析了该海域浮游动物的种类组成、数量变动、优势种、种类多样性及其季节变化。本次黄河口及其邻近水域调查共鉴定浮游动物43种,其中原生动物、毛颚动物、尾索动物和栉水母各1种,刺胞动物8种,浮游甲壳类18种,浮游幼体及鱼卵、仔稚鱼共13种(类)。浮游动物的平均丰度为2115.64 ind/m~3,不计夜光虫的平均丰度为95.93 ind/m~3,其中浮游甲壳类占71.43%。浮游动物丰度存在显著的季节变化,数量高峰出现在春季(5月),其次为冬季(2月)、秋季(10月)和夏季(8月)。毛颚动物强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)和双刺纺锤水蚤(Acartia bipinnata)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)等桡足类为夏、秋、冬三个季节的主要优势种,夜光虫(Noctiluca scintillans)为春季的绝对优势种。浮游动物群落物种丰富度指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H')和均匀度指数(J')的变化趋势一致,表现为夏秋季高,冬春季低。黄河口及其邻近水域浮游动物的群落结构特征具有明显的季节变化;桡足类和浮游幼体是主要类群,对该水域浮游动物的数量变动及种类多样性的变化具有较大影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河口 浮游动物 种类组成 优势种 种类多样性 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/9/12 0:00:00 |
Characteristics of zooplankton community structure and its seasonal variation in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters |
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| LIU Xiaohui,XU Binduo,ZHANG Chongliang,XUE Ying,REN Yiping,JI Yupeng.Characteristics of zooplankton community structure and its seasonal variation in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(5):922-930. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xiaohui XU Binduo ZHANG Chongliang XUE Ying REN Yiping JI Yupeng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Laboratoray for Marine Fishery Science and Food Production Processes;Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: | Zooplankton species play a crucial role in the pelagic food chain of coastal ecosystems and may reflect changes to marine environments.Therefore,community structure and seasonal variation in zooplankton assemblages are important for understanding ecosystem structure.In recent decades,anthropogenic activities have caused considerable changes to the environment of the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters.To ascertain how the present environment has influenced seasonal changes in zooplankton community structure,data on species composition,abundance,dominant species,and species diversity were collected during August 2013-May 2014 in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters.Dominant species were selected based on a dominance(Y)greater than 0.02.Between-season species fluctuations were described using seasonal replacement rate(A).Species diversity in zooplankton communities were measured with the following indices:Margalef species richness(D),Shannon-Wiener diversity(H'),Pielou evenness (J'),and K-dominance curves.We identified 30 zooplankton species with 13 types of pelagic larvae,representing six phyla:Protozoa (one species),Chaetognatha (one species),Urochordata (one species),Ctenophora (one species),Coelenterata (eight species),and Crustacea (18 species).Seasonal replacement rates were 64.1％ (summer to autumn),71.4％ (autumn to winter),41.2％ (winter to spring),and 70.6％ (spring to summer),revealing obvious seasonality in species composition.Average zooplankton abundance was (2115.64±4143.70) ind/m3.Excluding Noctiluca scintillans,the average was (95.93±116.27) ind/m3,with Arthropoda accounting for 71.43％.Abundance was highest in spring (May),followed by winter (February),autumn (October),and finally,summer (August).Sagitta crassa and Copepoda such as Acartia bipinnata and Paracalanus parvus were the main dominant species,whereas N.scintillans was highly dominant in spring,exhibiting large blooms.All four species diversity indices were consistent in seasonal variation,being larger in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.Overall,zooplankton community structure was characterized by seasonal fluctuation.Copepoda and pelagic larvae were the dominant groups,with profound effect on variation in abundance and species diversity.Compared to previous research,zooplankton species composition and dominant species did not change significantly in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters.The big blooms of N.scintillans were at least partially due to water organic pollution.Consequently,its increasing dominance underscores serious water eutrophication in the Yellow River estuary. |
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| Keywords: | Yellow River estuary zooplankton species composition dominant species species diversity |
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