首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   230篇
  免费   69篇
  国内免费   28篇
农学   4篇
  2篇
综合类   69篇
农作物   3篇
水产渔业   246篇
畜牧兽医   1篇
植物保护   2篇
  2023年   8篇
  2022年   6篇
  2021年   12篇
  2020年   13篇
  2019年   10篇
  2018年   11篇
  2017年   14篇
  2016年   19篇
  2015年   17篇
  2014年   11篇
  2013年   27篇
  2012年   14篇
  2011年   23篇
  2010年   11篇
  2009年   8篇
  2008年   12篇
  2007年   13篇
  2006年   14篇
  2005年   20篇
  2004年   10篇
  2003年   9篇
  2002年   4篇
  2001年   5篇
  2000年   2篇
  1999年   5篇
  1998年   6篇
  1997年   1篇
  1996年   5篇
  1995年   2篇
  1994年   4篇
  1993年   3篇
  1992年   5篇
  1991年   1篇
  1988年   2篇
排序方式: 共有327条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Many fishes are planktivorous during early life and switch to piscivory or consume larger food items as ontogeny progresses. In contrast, paddlefish start as particulate feeders and later become filter feeders. Few studies have identified food items essential for paddlefish growth, survival and recruitment surrounding this ontogenetic diet shift. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) prey types consumed by paddlefish, (ii) variability in prey selection surrounding an ontogenetic diet shift and (iii) whether habitat affected paddlefish prey selection or foraging success. We analysed gut contents of 189 wild age‐0 paddlefish from the middle Mississippi River (MMR) and also conducted a laboratory experiment to address these objectives. We found that paddlefish primarily foraged on benthic macroinvertebrates in the MMR, which differed from previous studies in lentic systems, suggesting young paddlefish prey selection may be labile depending on habitat (i.e., lotic versus lentic). Dominant prey of wild‐caught and experimental age‐0 paddlefish were caddisfly larvae (Trichoptera), followed by hemipterans and amphipods. We found little evidence that habitat attributes affected foraging success, but the most common prey items consumed were associated with wing dike habitat and the upstream and downstream tips of alluvial islands. Our experimental study revealed that if provided a mixture of organisms, age‐0 paddlefish will primarily consume macroinvertebrates while age‐1 paddlefish will mainly filter zooplankton. Overall results suggest young paddlefish prey selection can be highly variable, but also heavily reliant on a narrow group of prey resources.  相似文献   
2.
  1. The Juan Fernandez Ridge, a vulnerable marine ecosystem located far off the coast of central Chile and formed by several seamounts, guyots and three islands (Robinson Crusoe, Santa Clara and Alejandro Selkirk), has recently been declared a Coastal Marine Protected Area of Multiple Uses with several National Parks embedded in it.
  2. Recent studies have highlighted the influence of remote and local oceanographic structures on the hydrographic dynamics of this ridge. However, there is still a gap in understanding how they affect the structure and dynamics of the surrounding insular planktonic communities.
  3. A hydroacoustic and oceanographic survey was conducted during the austral spring (October 2016), including hydrographic and zooplankton sampling around Robinson Crusoe Island. Oceanographic features were identified and tracked using satellite data (chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature) and modelling results.
  4. Two events of Chl-a increase relative to a threshold (>0.45 mg m−3) were forced by different physical processes, both affecting the western side of Robinson Crusoe Island. In event A during the cruise period, Chl-a subsurface maxima were associated with the arrival of a coastal meander originating on the continental shelf off Chile (remote process); the zooplankton was dominated by copepods and salps, with an evident coastal–oceanic gradient. In event B, Chl-a maxima were linked to a local upwelling forced by the intensification of a localized SSW wind. No influence of remote eddies or local Von Kármán vortices on Chl-a distribution was observed.
  5. These findings highlight the influence of remote and local physical processes on the structure of planktonic communities around Robinson Crusoe Island. Understanding the variability of these mechanisms and their effects at the base of the pelagic food web is critical in adopting an ecosystem-level approach.
  相似文献   
3.
洋山港海域海水压载后浮游动物群落的演变   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
通过压载模拟实验,研究分析压载0、1、5、10、15和30 d压载水体中浮游动物的数量和种类的动态变化特征,探讨其生态适应机制。结果显示,连续压载30 d后,浮游动物种类数由11种减少至5种,种类数显著下降。压载期间,浮游动物出现的频率和持续的时间不尽相同,不同类群对于压载环境的适应性有所不同,各物种之间对于各压载阶段的适应能力存在较大差异。实验舱内浮游动物丰度经过30 d模拟压载呈现明显的下降趋势。5 d时由于轮虫和浮游幼虫数量的大幅度增加,浮游动物整体丰度显著上升,随后迅速下降,压载至30 d时仍有浮游动物存活。MDS分析结果显示,压载条件下各水龄阶段之间的浮游动物群落结构变化明显。CCA分析表明:在本次模拟压载实验中,总氮、总磷、悬浮物、浊度以及温度等环境因子对浮游动物群落结构变化产生影响。  相似文献   
4.
Dynamics of clupeiform fish populations such as anchovy are frequently impacted by environmental variations which can affect the success of the species recruitment. Herein, we have analyzed recent otolith growth rate, RNA/DNA nutritional condition index (sRD), and mortality rate of argentine anchovy larvae Engraulis anchoita from three different nursery areas in the Southwest Atlantic. We have evaluated the relationship between the environmental variables (abundance of copepod nauplii, temperature, chlorophyll‐a concentration, and abundance of E. anchoita larvae) and larval endogenous variables (size, weight, age, and otolith radius) to sRD and recent growth rate. Fast larval growth rates were observed toward the northern sector of the studied area, characterized by higher temperature. High values of sRD were associated with higher nauplii abundance in the proximity of coastal fronts. The larvae with the lowest growths and lowest minimum values of nutritional condition coincided with the area where there was less abundance of nauplii and higher larval mortality. Larval size and nauplii abundance were positive explanatory factors for both recent growth rate and sRD index. Temperature had a positive effect on recent growth rate and a negative effect on sRD index. This condition index was poorly explained in terms of model fit in comparison with the growth model. The results herein provided could be significant to better understand the recruitment of the species, as to determining favorable areas for the growth and survival of anchovy larvae.  相似文献   
5.
Recent intensification efforts of astacid culture considerably depend on the appropriate assessment of the animal's physiological condition both for research and application. We conducted a 4 weeks feeding experiment to assess temporal resolution and accuracy of different response parameters (RNA/DNA ratio, RNA per wet weight, carapace length, wet weight, specific growth rate). Juvenile noble crayfish were exposed to five feeding regimes that differed in feeding frequency and food availability. Continuous growth was detected in all feeding regimes with individual increase up to 90% (wet weight) and 17% (carapace length), respectively. Morphometric parameters allowed separation of three weight‐groups or two length‐groups. During the experimental period RNA/DNA ratios showed both decrease (?17%) and increase (+35%), with superior accuracy than morphometric parameters, separating four groups. Based on RNA/DNA ratios, different feeding regimes were detected earlier, with two groups separated already after 3 weeks. RNA/DNA ratio was clearly superior to RNA per unit wet weight, as the latter failed to detect any differences between groups. In conclusion, RNA/DNA ratio is a valuable tool in nutritional studies with freshwater crayfish if overall growth is the key variable of interest.  相似文献   
6.
监测了公安县崇湖渔场3口草鱼主养池塘施用浓度为0.375 g/m3的二氧化氯后池塘水质理化指标及浮游生物群落结构短期变化,以分析二氧化氯对池塘水环境质量的影响。结果显示,用药后水体溶解氧显著下降,亚硝态氮、活性磷和总磷降低。然而p H值显著升高,硝态氮、铵态氮和总氮也有所升高。施用二氧化氯前浮游植物共检出6门44属79种,浮游动物36属43种;用药后共检出浮游植物7门52属109种,浮游动物44属69种,用药后浮游植物消失4属12种,新增加12属42种,用药前未见金藻门种类,用药后出现分歧锥囊藻(Dinobryon divergens)。用药后原生动物消失6属7种,新出现16属24种;轮虫消失3种,增加8种;枝角类种类无变化;桡足类新增4种成体,但用药前后优势种无变化。结果表明,施用二氧化氯短期内增加了水体氨氮毒性,并导致浮游动物的种类、密度和生物量显著增加,进而导致浮游植物生物量显著下降、小型化藻类增多、优势种显著变化。建议在养殖期间慎用二氧化氯。  相似文献   
7.
2005年8月(夏季)的大、小潮期间和2006年3月(春季)的大、小潮期间对长兴岛沿岸进行了4个航次的浮游生物调查,共检出浮游动物47种,其中春季32种,夏季44种。浮游动物的优势类群为桡足类和浮游幼虫。小拟哲水蚤、双毛纺锤水蚤、拟长腹剑水蚤、无节幼虫为春季优势种。小拟哲水蚤、双毛纺锤水蚤、近缘大眼剑水蚤、桡足类幼体、太平洋纺锤水蚤为夏季优势种。春季浮游动物的丰度、生物量及种类数均低于夏季。小潮期间浮游动物的丰度、生物量高于大潮期间。浮游动物的丰度、生物量及优势种受潮周期的影响。北部沿岸和南部沿岸浮游动物丰度、生物量较高。小型桡足类在长兴岛沿岸浮游动物群落结构中扮演重要角色,长兴岛沿岸浮游动物群落结构较为成熟稳定。  相似文献   
8.
为研究锦江河特有鱼类国家级水产种质资源保护区浮游动物群落结构特征,于2015年1月、4月、7月和10月按季度在锦江河保护区进行采样分析。结果显示,在保护区共采集到浮游动物4门51属82种,轮虫类、原生动物、桡足类和枝角类物种数占浮游动物物种总数的比例分别为46.34%、29.27%、15.85%和8.54%。优势种类为4门6属16种,其中轮虫类6种,原生动物4种,枝角类4种,桡足类2种。保护区浮游动物密度变幅为297.76~1 430.10 ind/L,平均为855.13 ind/L;生物量变幅为5.73~26.36 mg/L,平均为14.37 mg/L;群落丰富度指数(D_m)变幅为3.18~4.90,平均为3.96;香农指数(H')变幅为2.11~3.12,平均为2.81;均匀度指数(J')变幅为0.81~0.89,平均为0.86。研究表明,在被摄食压力下降及饵料生物资源下降的共同影响下,保护区外界环境对个体较小的原生动物和轮虫有利,群落生态优势度也集中于上述浮游动物类群。受到水文特征的影响,锦江河核心区的浮游动物物种数、密度和生物量以及多样性指数总体高于实验区。  相似文献   
9.
Increases in gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) populations, their dominance of some ecosystems, their impacts to other taxa, and their questionable trophic value remain global concerns, but they are difficult to quantify. We compared trends in GZ abundance from direct sampling for the northeast U.S. continental shelf and tested their association with GZ consumption by spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias); the abundance of two benthic scavengers: Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) and grenadiers (Family: Macrouridae); and four environmental indices: Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, and sea surface and bottom temperatures. Defined as scyphozoans, siphonophores, ctenophores, and salps, the abundance of GZ on the shelf has oscillated with blooms approximately every 10–15 yr. Conservative estimates of annual removal of GZ by spiny dogfish ranged from approximately 0.3–298 g individual?1 with spiny dogfish being the primary GZ feeder sampled on the shelf. The examination of three abundance series for GZ identified one shelf‐wide trend and strong relationships with 2‐yr lagged consumption and scavenger abundance (namely hagfish), and sea surface temperature. With multimodel inference, these covariates led to an optimal model of GZ abundance. Blooms of GZ abundance on this shelf were influenced by environmental change, provide surges of food for spiny dogfish, and may offer ‘food falls’ for scavenging fishes. The bioenergetic tradeoffs of consuming greater amounts of GZ compared to other major prey (e.g., fishes) remain unknown; however, these surges of food in the northwest Atlantic appear to be important for fishes, including support for benthic scavenger productivity.  相似文献   
10.
为了探讨泗礁沙滩碎波带浮游动物的种类组成及其季节变化,2010年8月至2011年8月每月大潮期间,在泗礁沙滩碎波带设置8个站点,以浮游Ⅰ型生物网共采集到浮游动物67种,浮游幼虫10类,共计77个种类。浮游动物中甲壳动物最多,共56种,占总种数的72.73%,其中枝角类3种,桡足类43种,其他甲壳动物10种。此外,毛颚动物4种,水母类7种。优势种为小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、强额拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus crassirostris)、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)等13种,其中四季皆为优势种的仅小拟哲水蚤和强额拟哲水蚤2种。泗礁沙滩碎波带浮游动物大致可分为4个生态类群,分别为河口半咸水生态类群(2种),近海暖温生态类群(2种),近海暖水生态类群(52种)和大洋广布生态类群(5种)。结果表明,泗礁沙滩碎波带浮游动物受盐度、温度、潮汐和外海水团等环境因素影响,海洋性浮游动物最多,季节变化显著,夏季优势种最多(10种),冬季最少(4种),平均密度春季最高(1 557.021个/网),冬季最低(87.875个/网)。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号