Strategies for alkalinity and pH control for ozonated shrimp pond water |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratório de Camarões Marinhos (LCM – CCA – UFSC), Beco dos Coroas, 503, 88061-600, Barra da Lagoa, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;2. Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Agroecologia (NEPEA – CCA – UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, 88034-001, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;3. Departamento de solos (UFSM), 1000, 97105-900, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;1. Technical University of Denmark, DTU Aqua, Section for Aquaculture, The North Sea Research Centre, P.O. Box 101, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark;2. Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Spain;3. Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), ECOAQUA Institute, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain;4. Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61 – 5000, Namur, Belgium;1. Campus Universitário de Iturama, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Iturama, MG, Brasil;2. Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil;3. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil;4. Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP, Brasil;5. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | In order to derive the full benefits of ozonation technology for the destruction of toxic metabolites in shrimp grow-out ponds, strategies to supplement and control high alkalinity loss during ammonia oxidation in a model ozonation system were studied. Alkalinity loss and pH profiles were investigated in the ozonated model system containing artificial seawater and ammonia, and alkalinity compensation ability of supplements such as calcium carbonate-based limes, hydrated limes and sodium bicarbonate were evaluated. In some experiments, application of these supplements during ozonation were combined with other treatments like recarbonation (external CO2 supply). Results showed that calcium carbonate-based limes were not anymore effective for alkalinity supplementation when ozonation is applied to seawater containing ammonia. Although recarbonation improved the effectiveness of CaCO3 as an alkalinity supplement, application in large ozonated grow-out ponds were considered not practical. The effective alkalinity supplements for ozonated seawater containing ammonia were the more soluble materials, high purity sodium bicarbonate and hydrated lime applied at a proper dosage. Sodium bicarbonate and hydrated lime would be more appropriate alkalinity control strategies for in situ1 ozonated shrimp grow-out ponds; however, for application of hydrated lime, the problem of overdosage should be taken into consideration. |
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