有机废水处理中的环境生物技术及其进展

在水环境保护领域里,我国与世界大多数国家,都将控制由城市生活污水和各种工业、农业、养殖业排放的有机废水所导致的以有机质为主的水质污染放在优先考虑的地位。环境生物技术,尤其是生化处理方法因其高效、低耗、处理量大、适用面广及安全的特点而成为世界各国有机废水处理的主要方法。介绍了这一领域中以生化反应为基础的处理方法(好氧和厌氧处理工艺)和以生物自然净化功能为主体的技术措施(人工生物塘和湿地),以及相关研究与应用的进展动态。

Environmental Biotechnologies Applied in Organic Wastewater Treatment and Relevant Development and Progress

Control of organic pollution on water quality due to discharge of municipal sewage and various types of organic wastewaters from industry, agriculture and breeding for protection of water eco-environment has been given the highest priority in China as well as in many other countries. Environmental biotechnologies, particularly biochemical treatment, have been applied in the world as the main methods for organic wastewaters treatment accounted for by their characters of high efficiency, low cost, big treatment capacity, wide-range suitability and safety. The present paper gives a general review on organic wastewater treatment techniques and methods based on both biological reactions (aerobic and anaerobic processes) and natural biological purification functions (biological ponds and constructed wetlands) and as well relevant development and progresses in both research and application.