SH抑尘剂固化建设场地类型土的抗风蚀性能

[目的]评价SH固化建设场地类型土的抑尘效果及其在建设场地中的适用性,为合理有效控制建设场地扬尘问题提供方法依据。[方法]以高分子材料——SH抑尘剂为研究对象,考虑建设场地扬尘来源(即建设场地类型土)、喷洒量、坡度、坡面形态、固化时间及堆土密度等因素,借助PM10及PM2.5指标评价SH抑尘剂在仅固化建设场地类型土表层条件下的抗风蚀性能及其在建设场地的适用性。[结果]SH抑尘剂可在土样颗粒间发挥联接作用,维持土体表面的完整性,有效解决洒水抑尘措施存在的缩裂问题;SH对于建设场地类型土(粉土、粉煤灰、黏性土、碎石土)均具有很好的抑尘效果,喷洒SH抑尘剂后,固化土在九级风力的吹蚀作用下不会造成PM10和PM2.5污染物;SH抑尘剂对于建筑堆土、建筑弃土及裸露地表均具有适用性,坡度、堆土密度、坡面形态不影响SH抑尘剂的渗透固化效果。从抑尘效果和施工经济角度考虑,建议施工时选取SH抑尘剂喷量1.2kg/m2,固化时间3d。[结论]SH抑尘剂可在土体表层形成抗风蚀性保护膜,实现从源头控制建设场地扬尘。

Wind Erosion Control of Soil Solidified by SH Dust-depressor in Construction Site

[Objective] Construction dust is one of the sources of urban air pollution, which discharges at low height and always concentrates in dense population area. [Methods] High polymer materials of SH dust-depressor was chosen as media, and factors of construction dust source(also construction soils), application amount, slope gradient, slope shape, solidified time and density were considered. The controlling effect and applicability were evaluated by PM₁₀ and PM_2.5. [Results] SH dust-depressor plays a role of connection between soil particles and then restrains effectively soil shrinkage crack. The soil surface maintains integrity after solidified with SH dust-depressor. SH dust-depressor has good dust controlling effect on construction dust source(such as silt, fly ash, clay and gravel soil). There had not been any outputs of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 during nine-level wind erosion. SH dust-depressor has good applicability to soils in construction site. The permeation and solidification of SH was never affected by soil slope, density and surface roughness. In view of dust control and economic application, the appropriate sprayed amount should be set at 1.2 kg/m² and the solidification duration should be 3 d. [Conclusion] SH solidified measure can form protective film against wind erosion and then control dust from the source.