中国李产业发展、贸易与国际竞争力分析

自2000 年以来，世界和中国的李生产、贸易和竞争力都有了新的变化。笔者以世界粮农组织（FAO）数据和相关文献为基础，分析了李生产和发展状况以及中国李产业在国际贸易中的竞争力。结果表明：世界李的收获面积和产量持续增加，且中国李的栽培面积和产量均居世界之首，然而单产却与智利、伊朗相比存在较大的差距。世界和中国李的进口和出口呈现平稳增长态势，但是中国李进口量和进口额远大于出口量和出口额。可比净出口指数、净出口显示性比较优势指数和进出口价格比分析都表明，中国李出口竞争力相对较差。针对中国李生产和贸易中存在的问题，提出了改善中国李产业发展和提高其国际竞争力的建议。

Production, Trade and International Competitiveness of Prunus Industry in China

Prunus production, trade and competitiveness in China and the world had taken a new look since entering the 21st century. Here, prunus of china production and development in the world trade competitiveness were analyzed based on the data from the FAO and related documents. The results indicate that, area harvested and production of prunus in the world were increasing continued from year 2000 to 2013, and cultivation area and production of China were rank first in the world, but yield of China had huge gap compared to that of Chile and Iran. Imports and exports of prunus in the world and China kept steady growth, however, the amount and money of imports in China were much larger than those of exports. Index of normalized trade balance, Net exportSrevealed comparativeSadvantage index and import and export prices indicate that the level of Chinese prunus export competitiveness was poor or even very poor. Aiming at the problems in prunus production and trade, the countermeasures of improving prunus production in China and strengthening its international competitiveness were discussed．