Local Organizations Involved in the Conservation of Crop Genetic Resources: Conditions for their Emergence and Success in Ethiopia and Kenya |
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Authors: | John Mburu Edilegnaw Wale |
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Institution: | 1. Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Stra?e 3, D-53113, Bonn, Germany 2. Department of Agricultural Economics, Alemaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
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Abstract: | Local organizations comprising of farmers, local formal and informal institutions, and public conservators can potentially
be relevant options to confront the challenges of conserving indigenous crop varieties in developing countries. Although property
rights and market failure problems experienced in crop genetic resources (CGRs) are different from other natural resources
such as forests, wildlife, etc., such local organizations, and contractual arrangements within them, can be very instrumental
in enhancing on-farm conservation. However, empirical investigations of such local organizations in order to determine the
dimensions of their feasibility have been scarce. Against this background, this paper analyzes interactions of stakeholders
in these local organizations and then explores the conditions for their emergence and success. The paper discusses field cases
of on-farm conservation of traditional cereals and pulses from Ethiopia and indigenous vegetables from Kenya. It points out
that local organizations conserving CGRs can be classified into different categories of contractual arrangements depending
on certain driving factors that influence interactions of stakeholders and devolvement of decision-making authority. The paper
further argues that these driving factors, which include accessibility to markets, presence of collective action or self-organizational
capacity and provision of relevant CGRs conservation policies, form some of the key conditions determining the success of
the case study organizations. The paper concludes by outlining policy implications on the structuring of such local organizations
and the importance of certain factors in facilitating their emergence and success. |
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Keywords: | Conditions for success Crop genetic resources Driving factors Ethiopia Kenya Local organizations On-farm conservation |
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