烤烟推荐施肥模型研究及验证

为了实现烟田精准施肥,于2007—2010年在河南省平顶山市郏县进行了多点肥料试验,建立了土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量与校正系数间的函数关系,并利用曲劳-斯坦福方程方法建立了推荐施肥模型。结果表明,土壤养分与其校正系数之间以幂函数曲线相关最佳,各养分的校正系数均随其含量增加而降低。氮、磷、钾肥的施用模型分别为:N=0.068×Y-2.033×S0N.328,P2O5=0.079×Y-2.932×S0P.334,K2O=0.194×Y-2.923×S0K.416。施肥模型验证显示,运用推荐施肥模型来确定施肥量比常规施肥更有利于优质烟叶的形成,烟叶的各类致香物质和总致香物质含量均较高,并且推荐施肥量较常规施肥量少,降低了生产成本,为改善烟叶品质、促进烟叶可持续发展提供了理论依据。

Study and Validation of Recommendation Fertilization Model of Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to realize the precision fertilization of tobacco fields,the study was conducted during 2007—2010 in Pingdingshan of Henan province,and the randomized block design including experiment schemes was put into practice in 10 dispersed spots each year.The models for nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer recommendation were established based on four-year field experiments.The rational fertilization models were built with Truog-Stanford equation.The result showed that the best relationship between soil nutrients and correction factors were power function.When the content of soil nutrients increased,their correction factor decreased.The fertilization models for N,P,K fertilizer,respectively,followed as:N=0.068×Y-2.033×S0.328N,P2O5=0.079×Y-2.932×S0.334P,K2O=0.194×Y-2.923×S0.416K.The results indicated that the quality of tobacco in fertilization recommendation zone was better than the conventional fertilization with higher content of aroma constituent in flue-cured tobacco leaves.Recommended fertilizer reduced the amount of fertilizer application and the cost of agriculture.Based on the study,tobacco-planting field can be managed in a site-specific manner by these methods,in order to improve the tobacco quality and promote the sustainable development of tobacco.