河南省小麦全蚀病菌变种类型鉴定

为了解河南省小麦全蚀病菌的变种类型,2011年从河南省郑州、许昌、开封、周口、漯河、商丘和驻马店等地采集小麦全蚀病株,并对其所属的变种类型进行了形态学、生理学和分子生物学鉴定。经过分离、纯化,共得到74个菌株,根据形态及生理特性的测定结果,初步确定所有菌株均为禾顶囊壳小麦变种(Gaeumanomyces graminis var.tritici)。采用小麦全蚀病菌4个变种的特异性引物分别对菌株DNA进行PCR扩增,所有菌株均获得大约870bp的条带,进一步确定所采菌株为禾顶囊壳小麦变种。温室测定74个菌株对小麦的致病力,结果表明,河南省小麦全蚀病菌株以中强致病力为主,不同地区菌株间致病力存在显著差异。

Identification of Gaeumannomyces graminis Varieties Causing Wheat Take-all in Henan Province

In order to fully understand the variant types of Gaeumannomyces graminis in Henan province,seventy-four strains were isolated from wheat plants infected by wheat take-all,which were collected from Zhengzhou,Xuchang,Kaifeng,Zhoukou,Luohe,Shangqiu and Zhumadian in 2011.Identification of the variants was conducted using both morphological and molecular biology methods.The 74 strains isolated from wheat samples were preliminarily identified as Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici based on their morphological and physiological properties.Using the specific primers corresponding to 4 varieties of G.graminis,only a fragment in length of 870 bp was amplified from all strains,further confirming that all of the strains were G.graminis var.tritici.Pathogenicity of the 74 strains to wheat was determined in greenhouse,and the result showed that strong and medium pathogenic strains were dominant in Henan province,and the pathogenicity of isolates from different regions displayed a significant difference.