杂交籼稻碾磨品质性状的遗传分析

采用 5×5不完全双列杂交设计,应用包括基因型×环境互作效应的三倍体种子性状遗传分析模型,研究 3种栽培季节下籼型杂交稻碾磨品质性状的遗传.结果表明:杂交稻碾磨品质性状表现主要受遗传控制,遗传方差可解释表型方差的66.8% -98. 6%,且遗传效应均以母体加性效应为主;基因型×环境互作效应对糙米率和精米率的影响较小,但整精米率的互作效应值达 33. 2%; 3个碾磨品质性状均不存在杂种优势.比较亲本对杂种碾磨品质影响的结果表明,不育系对杂交稻碾磨品质的影响显著大于恢复系.

Genetic analysis on milling quality traits in indica hybrid rice

Five cypoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines and 5 restorers were used to study the genetic effects of milling-quality traits in indica hybrid rice in three planting seasons by making incomplete mating. Genetic analysis was conducted by using triploid endosperm genetic models including genotype×environment interaction effect for the percentage of brown rice (BR), percentage of milled rice (MR) and percentage of head rice (HR). The results showed that the genetic variance (V_G) for each of 3 characters accounted for 66.8% to 98.6% in phenotype variance, which indicated that all of milling-quality traits were mainly controlled by genetic effects. Among the genetic variance, maternal additive effects (V_(Am)) were predominant. The genotype×environment interaction effects (V_(GE)) were negligible for BR and MR, whilst it was much important (33.2%) for HR. No heterosis was detected for all of 3 traits. Comparing contribution between CMS lines and restorers to quality improvement, milling quality characters were much more influenced by CMS lines than by restorers.