Effect of large dietary doses of beta-carotene on plasma retinoid and beta-carotene levels and on progesterone production in the granulosa cells of Japanese quail

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of large-dose beta-carotene supplementation on blood retinoid and beta-carotene levels as well as on the progesterone secretion of the granulosa cells in Japanese quail. Laying quails were assigned to three dietary groups. The control group (Group C) received the basal diet (laying feed containing 9000 IU vitamin A/kg). In the treated groups (Groups BC1 and BC2) the basal diet was supplemented with 10(2) and 10(3) mg/kg beta-carotene (BC), respectively. At the end of the two-week feeding period, 10 birds from each group were euthanised. Blood samples were analysed for retinol, retinyl palmitate and beta-carotene concentrations. Granulosa cells were isolated from ovarian follicles (F1 and F2), and PMSG-induced in vitro progesterone (P4) secretion was measured. Similar retinol concentrations were found in both beta-carotene supplemented groups, indicating saturation of the retinol-transporting system. beta-carotene supplementation was accompanied by hypercarotenaemia, but did not increase the retinyl palmitate levels in the blood. PMSG-induced P4 production of the granulosa cells decreased significantly in Groups BC1 and BC2 in a dose-dependent manner.