荒漠草原野生草木樨状黄芪种子发芽特性及繁种研究

为挖掘宁夏盐池荒漠草原野生草木樨状黄芪牧草的种质资源,作为本土牧草品种来修复退化草地,提高修复成效,因此开展对该品种种子发芽特性和人工繁种方面的研究。对常温常压下种子发芽特性;提高种子发芽势和发芽率技术措施;密度对种子产量影响等方面进行试验研究。其结果表明:用电动碾米机对草木樨状黄芪种子进行处理,其发芽势和发芽率分别提高到17.3%、51.7%,比常态下提高了93.2%和34.3%。在行距为100cm的情况下,株距与产量的模拟回归方程为y=-2.4108x^2+195.97x-2886.7(R^2=0.99),此时当株距为40.64cm产量最高为1095.82kg/hm^2。采取机械碾压处理方法能有效地降低种子硬实率并提高其发芽率。说明通过打破种皮提高发芽势和发芽率的技术措施完全可以提高荒漠草原退化草地的修复成效。种子来源可以通过人工繁育来解决。

Study on Seed Germination Characteristics and Flourishing of Astragalus melilotoides in Desert Steppe

In order to explore the germplasm resources of wild Astragalus melilotoides Pall in the desert steppe of Yanchi,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,to restore the degraded grassland as local forage and to improve the restoration effect,the seed germination characteristics and artificial seed reproduction of Astragalus melilotoides Pall were studied.Germination characteristics under normal temperature and pressure,technical measures of improving germination energy,germination rate and the effect of density on seed yield was studied.The results showed that the germination energy and germination rate of Astragalus melilotoides seeds were increased to 17.3%and 51.7%,93.2%and 34.3%higher than normal after crushing by Electric rice polisher.The simulated regression equation of plant spacing and yield was y=-2.4108x^2+195.97x-2886.7(R^2=0.99)in the case of row spacing was 100 cm,when the plant spacing is 40.64 cm,got the maximum yield,which is 1095.82 kg/hm^2.Mechanical crushing can effectively reduce the hard seed rates and increase the germination rate.The results showed that the restoration effect of degraded grassland in desert steppe could be improved by breaking seed coat and improving germination energy and germination rate measures.Seed sources can be solved by artificial breeding.