云南派姬小蜂的生物学特性

云南派姬小蜂Pediobius yunnanensis Liao是寄生于微红梢斑螟Dioryctria rubella Hampson蛹的内寄生蜂，目前国内外对其生物学特性报道较少。因此，本文采用野外调查和室内试验相结合的方法，研究了云南派姬小蜂的生物学特性。结果表明，该蜂主要以幼虫在寄主蛹内越冬。雌、雄成蜂的平均性比为1.89：1。在温度25℃、湿度70%、光周期14L：10D的条件下，其各个虫态的发育历期为卵-幼虫期15.00 d，蛹期12.33 d，成虫寿命6.36 d，完成一个世代需32.36 d。在15℃以15%蜂蜜水喂养的条件下，雌、雄蜂寿命最长分别为63.45和39.95 d；在35℃，无喂食条件下，雌、雄蜂寿命最短，分别为3.06和1.84 d。因此，在一定的温度范围内，低温和补充营养均能不同程度的延长雌、雄蜂寿命且雌蜂寿命长于雄蜂寿命。以上研究结果可以对微红梢斑螟的生物防治提供指导，也为研发云南派姬小蜂的室内繁殖和保护利用技术提供了一定的理论基础。

Biological Characteristics of Pediobius yunnanensis Liao (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae), an Parasitoid of Dioryctria rubella Hampson

Pediobius yunnanensis Liao (Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea:Eulophidae), a pupal endoparasitic wasp of Dioryctria rubella Hampson, has been less documented for biological characteristics. Here we report the biological characteristics of P. yunnanensis derived from field investigation and laboratory tests. The results showed that P. yunnanensis overwintered mainly as larvae in the host pupae. The ratio of male to female wasps was 1.89:1. At 25℃, RH 70% and photoperiod 14L:10D, the developmental duration of egg-larva was 15.0 d; of pupa, 12.3 d; and of adult, 6.4 d, totaling 32.36 d for a generation. When fed with 15% honey solution at 15℃, the male and female adults lived the longest for 63.45 d and 39.95 d, respectively. However, when deprived of food at 35℃, the male and female adults died after 3.1 d and 1.8 d, respectively. Therefore, low temperature in a certain range and supplementary nutrient can prolong the lifespan of male and female adults, the effect is more evident in females than in males. The results are useful for the biocontrol of D. rubella and for the breeding, field protection and utilization of P. yunnanensis.