果蝇毛锤角细蜂对黑腹果蝇蛹不同龄期的选择性

黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster Meigen是浆果类水果的果实害虫之一,对葡萄果实为害严重。毛锤角细蜂Trichopria drosophilae是黑腹果蝇的蛹寄生蜂之一。本文在温度26℃、相对湿度50%、光周期14L:10D的室内条件下,研究了毛锤角细蜂对不同日龄黑腹果蝇蛹的选择性。结果表明:毛锤角细蜂可寄生黑腹果蝇各日龄的蛹,但偏爱寄生预蛹。在寄主预蛹时,毛锤角细蜂的出蜂量、寄生率和选择系数分别为14.00头、35%和0.13,均显著高于1~3日龄蛹;不同日龄的黑腹果蝇蛹对毛锤角细蜂后代发育历期和雌蜂比没有显著影响。综上所述,黑腹果蝇的预蛹是毛锤角细蜂寄生的最佳时期。以黑腹果蝇为寄主时,研究毛锤角细蜂的寄生规律对于黑腹果蝇及其他果蝇的生物防治具有重要的指导意义。

Host Stage Preference of Trichopria drosophilae to Fruit Fly Pupae

Fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of the fruit pests of berry fruits, especially grape berries. Trichopria drosophilae is a parasitoid parasitizing pupae of the fruit fly. The selectivity of T. drosophilae on D. melanogaster pupae of different ages was studied under the condition of 26℃, RH 50% and photoperiod of 14L:10D. Results showed that T. drosophilae could parasitize D. melanogaster pupae of all ages, but preferred the prepupae. When the host was prepupa, the number of wasp progeny, parasitism rate and selection coefficient reached 14.0, 35% and 0.13, respectively, which were significantly higher than those obtained with pupae aged 1-3 days. Offspring developmental duration and female proportion were not affected by pupal age. Therefore, D. melanogaster prepupae is the best host stage for the parasitism of T. drosophilae. The present results are of significance for biological control of D. melanogaster and other flies.