从新疆哈密瓜分离到的烟草坏死病毒及其理化性质的研究

 从自然感病的哈密瓜上分离到的烟草坏死病毒(TNV),其寄主范围较广,在藜科、苋科、豆科和茄科一些植物上呈局部坏死反应,并在葫芦科一些植物上呈局部坏死斑和系统花叶症状。病毒的热灭活点为90~95℃,稀释限点10-5~10-6,体外保毒期在10天以上。病毒颗粒呈六角形,直径约25毫微米。提纯病毒的紫外吸收,最高260毫微米,最低为245毫微米;沉降常数为94s。从病毒提取的核酸的紫外吸收,最高为260毫微米,最低234毫微米;经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定,核酸分子量为1.4×10⁶;病毒蛋白的分子量为2.75×10⁴。经血清学试验,该病毒与烟草花叶病毒的A型和D型的抗血清发生沉淀反应,而与黄瓜坏死病毒的抗血清无沉淀反应。

ON TEH TOBACCO NECROSIS VIRUS ISOLATED FROM HAMIMELON IN XINJIANG AND ITS CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Tobacco necrosis virus has been isolated from naturally infected Hamimelon in Xinjiang.Its host range is broad.It causes local lesions on some plants of Chenopodiaceae,Leguminosae,Amarantaceae and Solanaceae;necrosis spots and systamic symtoms appear on some plants of Cucurbitaceae.In sap from infected tobacco,the thermal inactivation point is between 90~95℃,the dilution end point is 10^-5~10^-6,and its longvity in vitro(at 20℃) is over 10 days.It is a isometric virus particles with 25nm in diamiter.It gives a single band of precipitate in agar gel diffusion when it reacted with antiserum against TNV-A or TNV-D,but not with antiserum of CNV.The sedimentation coefficient of the virus particlesis 94s.UV-absorbance curve of purified virus,at 260nm is maxamum,at 245nm is minimum;UV-maximum absorbanes of virus RNA is at 260nm,at 234nm is minimum.Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Virus-RNA and-protein shows that their molecular weights are about 1.4×10^-6 and 2.75×10^-4 respectively.