几类复合基质番茄无土栽培的比较研究

以碎工业岩棉、珍珠岩:草炭（体积比）＝3:2、炉渣:草炭＝3:2、花生壳:蛭石:珍珠岩＝5:3:2、玉米芯:蛭石:珍珠岩＝5:3:2等5种复合基质进行番茄无土栽培的研究。结果表明：在栽培过程中，基质容重均有不同程度的增大；不同复合基质所栽培番茄的营养生长、生理活性、产量分布、总产均有显著差异，在结果初期，复合基质（花生壳:蛭石:珍珠岩＝5:3:2）栽培的番茄的鲜质量（705.24 g/株）、干质量（73.871g/株）和叶面积（7654.5 cm2/株）均为最大，与对照有显著性差异。5个处理番茄前期的产量都低于对照，其中以炉渣:草炭＝3:2的前期产量较高，达到23859.0 kg/hm2，总产以花生壳为主的复合基质最高，折合78210.0 kg/hm2，比对照高出23.9%，差异达到极显著水平；糖酸比以炉渣:草炭＝3:2处理的最高，达7.58，而以花生壳为主的复合基质Vc含量最高，达0.1015 mg/g。

Comparison between Several Substrates on Soilless Culture of Tomato

Five mixed substrates formula:rockwool,perlite:peat=3:2,slag:peat=3:2,peanutshell:vermiculite:perlite= 5:3:2 and corncob:vermiculite:perlite=5:3:2 are conducted in tomato soilless culture.The results are as follows.Bulk density of five treatment increases by different degree during cultivation.The growth properties,photosynsythesis,chlorophyll content,root activity and yield of tomato have significant difference among different formula.Fresh mass,dry mass and leaf area of tomato plant cultivated in peanutshell:vermiculite:perlite=5:3:2 reach 705.24 g/plant,73.871 g/plant,7654.5cm2/plant respectively,which have significant difference compared with control's.The early yield of five treatment are lower than control's,of which the treatment of slag:peat=3:2 gets higher early yield and it reaches 23859.0 kg/hm2.The treatment of peanutshell:vermiculite:perlite=5:3:2 gets the highest total yield(78210.0 kg/hm2),increasing by 23.9 per cent compared with control's yield.The tomato cultivated in slag:peat=3:2 gets the highest sugar/acid (7.58) and cultivated in peanutshell:vermiculite:perlite=5:3:2 gets the highest Vc content(0.1015 mg/g).