小兴安岭南坡4种林分类型枯落物水文特性研究

对小兴安岭南坡的红松林、落叶松人工林、杨树林和白桦林的枯落物储量、持水量、吸水速率等水文特征参数进行调查分析研究及其持水特性试验,结果表明,红松林下枯落物储量最大53.89 t/hm^2,其后依次为杨树林42.66 t/hm^2、落叶松人工林30.54 t/hm^2、白桦林最小20.03 t/hm^2。在这4种林分枯落物中,红松林的有效拦蓄量为最大,相当于14.56 mm的降雨。经数据分析拟合,得到林下枯落物未分解层和半分解层吸水速率与浸水时间之间存在显著的负指数相关性（R〉0.99）。

Research on Hydrological Characteristics of Litter of Four Forest Types on South Slope of Xiaoxing'an Mountains

The forest litter amount,water holding characteristics,and water absorption rate in four kinds of forest stands（Pinus koraiensis forest,Larix gmelinii forest plantation,Populus davidiana forest,and Betula platyphylla forest） on the south slop of Xiaoxing＇an Mountains in Heilongjiang Province were studied in this paper.The results showed that the maximum litter amount in the Pinus koraiensis forest was 53.89 t/hm^2,the second was the Populus davidiana forest stand（42.66 t/hm^2）,and the third was the Larix gmelinii forest plantation stand（30.54 t/hm^2）,Betula platyphylla forest was the minimum（20.03 t/hm^2）.In these four kinds of forest stands,the modified interception amount of the Pinus koraiensis forest was maximal,equivalent to the rainfall of 14.56 mm.By data fitting,there performed remarkable negative exponential relationships（R〉0.99）between the water holding speed and the water soaking time in the non-decomposed layer and partially decomposed layer of litter.