烤烟漂浮育苗草炭替代基质研究

用褐煤、腐熟玉米秸秆和腐殖土来完全替代基质配方中的草炭，形成7个替代基质配方。采用配方对比育苗试验方法，研究了替代基质中褐煤和秸秆混配比例对基质理化性状、出苗率、成苗率和烟苗成苗素质的影响，结果表明：秸秆添加比例＞50%而褐煤比例≤10%时，基质部分理化性状与成品基质对照差异较大，育苗试验结果表现为出苗率下降、出苗整齐度降低、出苗期延长，成苗时苗数不足，烟苗成苗素质较差。而当基质中秸秆比例≤50%且褐煤比例＞10%时，二者混配比例对基质理化性状、出苗率、成苗率和烟苗成苗素质的影响较小，基质上述指标与ck较为接近；秸秆+褐煤比例为45%+30%和35%+40%的二个替代处理在本试验所观察和测定的指标中与对照差异较小，基本具备了作为烟草漂浮育苗基质的条件；笔者试验还验证了该型基质替代基质中草炭的可行性。

The Primary Report of New Type Peat Substituted Medium in Floating System of Tobacco

Uses the lignite,screw extrusion and humus completely substitutes the peat in the substrate formula,obtion 7medium.Via compared experiment of fomula breeding,the fluence to physical and chemical property,sprouting rate,maturing seedling rate and seedling diathesis of different mixed scale of screw extrusion and liginite is studied.It is showed that,when the screw extrusion proportion exeed 50percentage and the liginite proportion smaller than 10percentage,physical and chemical property will change sharply,sprouting rate slow down,orderness reduce,sprouted time prolong,and seedling diathesis change badly.But when the screw extrusion proportion smaller 50percentage and the liginite proportion exeed than 10percentage,the situation change more,the proportion of screw extrusion and lignite have less enfluence to aboved aspects.the 2 process which proportion of lignite and screw extrusion is separately 45percentage plus 30percentage and 35percentage and 40 percentage is close to the ck,can basely meet the requirements of tobacco breeding medium,at last,the feasibility of this substituted medium is also confirmed by the study.