甘蓝田蜘蛛群落结构及优势种群动态分析

采用物种丰富度(S)、每单位样方个体数(N)、多样性指数(H′)、优势度指数(E) 和均匀度指数(D), 对不同时期甘蓝田蜘蛛群落结构及其优势种群动态进行了初步研究。结果表明, 甘蓝田蜘蛛种类有8科, 18属, 23种, 其中优势种为星豹蛛、阴瘤胸蛛、草间小黑蛛、黑侏儒蛛、和温室希蛛; 随着甘蓝的生长发育, 蜘蛛群落的多样性值逐渐增大, 群落逐渐趋于稳定, 优势种的种群密度也随之上下波动。这对揭示蜘蛛在菜田生态系统中控制害虫的发生发展机理及对保护和利用这类天敌资源有重要的意义。

Study on the Structure of Spider Community and Dynamics of its Dominant Species in Cabbage Field

The structure of spider community and the dynamics of its dominant species in cabbage field were studied in Shanxi Agricultural University. Five hundred seventy-two spiders were collected which belonged to 23 species, 18 genera and 8 families. And the dominant spider community were Pardosa astrigera、Oedothorax feminea 、Erigondium gramincola、Meioneta nigra and Achaearanea tepidariorum. The composition of species and their numbers were analyzed by species richness(S), number(N), diversity(H′) and evenness(E). And the dynamics of dominant spiders in cabbage field were obtained using dominance index (D) .The result showed that the spiders were of significance for conserving and utilizing natural enemies and also for controlling pests in vegetable fields.