茶树倍性与保卫细胞叶绿体数目的关系

对15个不同倍性自然茶树品种(品系、单株)叶片保卫细胞中叶绿体数目观察结果表明,不同倍数体茶树间的叶保卫细胞其叶绿体数目呈一定的比例关系,即:二倍体≤16,且接近16;三倍体≤24,且接近24;四倍体≤32,且接近32,表现为2∶3∶4的比例,也即:体细胞增加一个染色体组,叶片保卫细胞大约增加8个叶绿体,因而利用保卫细胞叶绿体数目鉴定茶树多倍体可能是一种简便、有效的方法。

Relation between the Chloroplast Number in Each Guard Cell and the Ploidy of Tea

Different ploidy tea plants (Camellia sinensis) were used to investigate its chloroplast numbers in each guard cell of the leaves. It was observed that the chloroplast numbers per guard cell of diploid, triploid and tetraploid were generally equal to or a slightly less than 16,24 and 32,respectively. It seems that 1 genome change in the soma resulted in a change of about 8 chloroplasts in its guard cell. The chi-square test proved that the ratio of the chloroplast Numbers per guard cell of the diploid, triploid and tetraploid was 2∶3∶4. It was regarded that it was a simple and effective method to distinguish the ploidy of tea according to the chloroplast numbers per guard cell.