四川盆地花生生产与品质特征的研究

四川盆地是中国重要的农产品生产基地。该区花生种植分布广,规模种植区域相对较集中,但生产上存在着品种混杂、种性退化、商品性差及栽培技术不规范和深加工滞后等问题。文章介绍了研究区域的概况,分析了花生生产现状特征及花生品质特征。结果表明,受生态条件限制,花生脂肪含量较高,蛋白质含量中等,油亚比值普遍偏高。在空间分布上,蛋白质南高北低,而脂肪含量由东北向西南逐渐降低,油亚比则是东部丘陵区高于西部平原区,主产区低于非主产区。指出该区应紧紧围绕花生作为区域性的重要经济作物和优势农产品,以大幅度提升花生种植效益为核心,强化空间合理布局,实施标准化无公害和基地化生产,提高单位面积投入产出率,提升深加工水平,铸造国家＂植物蛋白源、加工原料源、农田生物互补源＂,促进和实现农民增产增收和区域花生产业的可持续发展。

Study on Characteristics of Production and Quality of Peanut in Sichuan Basin

Sichuan Basin is an important agricultural production base,where peanut cultivation is widely distributed,and the size of planting areas is relatively concentrated,however there are several problems in the peanut production such as variety complexity,quality degradation,poor marketability,as well as non-standardized cultivation techniques and deep processing delay and so on.Overview of the study area was introduced,and characteristics of production and quality of peanut were analyzed.The results showed that,affected by ecological conditions,the fat content of peanut was higher,protein content of peanut was medium and the O/L was generally high.In the spatial distribution,the protein content of peanut was higher in the south than it in the north,however the fat content of peanut decreased gradually form northeast to southwest,while the O/L of peanut was higher in the eastern hilly area than it in the west plains,and the main producing areas of peanut was lower than it in the non-main producing areas.The article pointed out that the area should focus the peanut as an important economic corps and advantages of agricultural products in the region,and significantly enhance the peanut plant efficiency as the core to enhance the space for rational distribution,implement standardized production of pollution-free and base production,improve the rate of input-output per unit area,enhance the level of deep processing,caste national ＂ vegetable protein source,processing of raw materials sources and agricultural bio-complementary source＂,and realize the increase production and incomes of farmer and sustainable development of regional peanut industry.