皖南典型烟区烟叶重金属、氯元素的外源调查

采集皖南典型烟叶种植片区宣城烟田土壤以及皖南烟区主要的烟草肥料和烟田灌溉水样品,分析了其中的重金属和氯元素含量,并与国家相应标准中的限量进行了对比。结果表明:(1)烟田土壤As含量为限量标准的7.8%~14.7%,Cd为20%~30%,Cr为25.2%~38.0%,Cu为27.0%~36.8%,Hg为30.0%~96.7%,Pb为8.2%~10.3%,Cl为28.9%~124.7%,个别烟田土壤Hg含量偏高,部分烟田土壤Cl含量超出限量标准。(2)烟草肥料As含量为限量标准的1.2%~91.7%,Cd为0,Cr为0~5.1%,Hg为0~4.9%,Pb为0~10.7%,Cl为0.2%~39.7%,但磷酸二铵中的As含量相对较高。(3)灌溉水As、Pb含量远低于限量标准,Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg含量为0,Cl为1.9%~2.6%。因此,皖南典型烟区土壤、肥料、灌溉水中的重金属、氯元素尚属安全级别。

Investigation on Exogenous Heavy Metal and Chlorine Contents in Tobacco Leaves in Typical Tobacco-planting Areas of Southern Anhui

The samples of tobacco field soils in Xuancheng city, as well as the samples of main fertilizers and irrigation water for tobaceo production in southern Anhui were collected, and the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Cl in these samples were measured. The results showed that the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Cl in tobacco field soils were 7.8% - 14.7% , 20% -30% , 25.2% -38.0% , 27.0% -36.8% , 30.0% -96.7% , 8.2% - 10.3% and 28.9% - 124.7% of the relevant national limit standards, respectively, but Hg content in several tobacco field soils was relatively high, and CI content in some tobacco field soils exceeded the limit standard. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and C1 in fertilizers for tobacco were 1.2% -91.7% , 0% , 0% - 5.1% , 0% -4.9% , 0% - 10.7% and 0.2% - 39.7% of the relevant national limit standards, respectively, but the content of As in diammonium phosphate fertilizer was relatively high. In the irrigation water for tobacco production, the contents of As and Pb were far lower than the limit standards, the contents of Cd, Cr, Cu and Hg all were 0% , and the content of Cl was 1.9% - 2.6% of the limit standard. So the contents of heavy metal and chlorine in soils, fertilizers and irrigation water in the typical tobacco - planting areas of southern Anhui province were at a safe level.