甘草野生种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析

 【目的】甘草具有重要的药用、工业和生态价值，目前处于濒危状态，进行遗传多样性研究可以为甘草资源的保护和利用奠定基础。【方法】利用AFLP分子标记对来自中国甘草主产区的16个野生种群共320个单株进行遗传多样性研究。【结果】（1）利用15对AFLP引物共扩增出759条谱带，其中多态性谱带527条，多态性条带百分率为69.43％;（2）Nei’基因多样性指数为0.13～0.19，种群总体多样性指数为0.25;Shannon多态性信息指数的变异范围在0.19～0.28，总体为0.39;宁夏地区甘草种群遗传多样性水平最高，甘肃酒泉种群的遗传多样性水平最低。（3）AMOVA分析表明甘草种群间的遗传变异占总变异的18.64％，种群内变异占67.16％。利用UPGMA聚类可将供试16个群体划分为3类，聚类结果表现出明显的地域性。【结论】该研究明确了中国野生甘草遗传多样性处于中等偏下水平，种群内广泛的变异能够为野生资源保护和良种选育提供理论依据。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Wild Populations of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)with AFLP Markers

【Objective】 Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is an important Chinese medicinal plant with industrial and ecological values but at the risk of extinction. Genetic diversity analysis will be helpful to the protection of the wild germplasm resources of G. uralensis F. 【Method】 The genetic diversity of 320 single individual plants representing 16 wild populations, which were derived from main production regions of licorice in China, was assessed with AFLP markers. 【Result】 A total of 759 fragments were generated from fifteen pairs of selective AFLP primer combinations, 527 of which were polymorphic. The level of polymorphism was 69.43%. Nei’s gene diversity index ranged from 0.13 to 0.19 for different populations, with the total value of 0.25. Shannon information index ranged from 0.19 to 0.28, with the total value of 0.39. The licorice populations from Ningxia district had the highest genetic diversity, however, those from Jiuquan district were the lowest. The result of AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variation within populations was 67.16% and the variation between populations was 18.64%. Sixteen populations were clustered into three groups by UPGMA dendrogram, which was significantly correlated with the geographic distribution of the materials.【Conclusion】 The results of present study indicate that the wild licorice populations in China have the medium level of genetic diversity. The broad genetic variation within populations could be the theoretical base for the protection of wild germplasm resources and breeding of elite varieties.